scholarly journals SYNTHESIS OF ETHYL ETHER OF 4(4-HYDROXYPHENYL)- AND 4′-METHYL-4(4-HYDROXYPHENYL)CYCLOHEXANCARBONIC ACIDS AND THEIR AMINOMETHYLATED DERIVATIVES

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 22-27
Author(s):  
Mehriban V. Naghiyeva
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Orthophosphoric Acid ◽  
Zeolite Y ◽  
Ethyl Esters ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Acid Yield ◽  
Aminomethyl Derivatives ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
Optimal Reaction

The article presents the results of cycloalkylation of phenol with ethyl cyclohexane- and 4-methylcyclohexenecarboxylic esters in the presence of a zeolite-Y catalyst impregnated with phosphoric acid. It has been established that to perform the cycloalkylation of phenol with ethyl cyclohexenecarboxylic acid in the presence of a zeolite-Y catalyst impregnated with orthophosphoric acid, the optimal conditions are: temperature 120 °С, reaction time 5 h, molar ratio of phenol to ether 1 : 1 mol/mol. And amount of catalyst is 10% for taken phenol. The yield of the target product was 74.7% of the theory for taken phenol, and selectivity - 93.8% for the target products. It was found that under optimal reaction conditions cycloalkylation (temperature 110 °C, reaction time 4 h, the ratio of phenol to ether 1 : 1, the amount of catalyst 7%) of phenol with ethyl 4-methylcyclohexenecarboxylic acid yield of ethyl 4 (4-hydroxyphenyl) -4'-methylcyclohexane-carboxylic) acid was 78.3% of the theory per phenol taken, and the selectivity was 95.7% for the desired product. The synthesis of aminomethyl derivatives of 4-hydroxyphenylcyclohexanecarboxylic acids in the presence of formalin and aniline was also carried out. As a result of aminomethylation, ethyl esters of 4 (4-hydroxy-3-phenylaminobenzyl) cyclohexane- and 4 (4-hydroxy-3-phenylaminobenzyl) -4'-methylcyclohexanecarboxylic acid were obtained. The yields of the target products were 67.3 and 71.7%, respectively, from the theory on taken ether. The structure and composition of the products were determined using IR and 1H NMR spectroscopy. And the purity of the products obtained was studied by chromatographic analysis. Ethyl esters of 4 (4-hydroxy-3-phenylaminobenzyl) cyclohexane- and 4 (4-hydroxy-3-phenylaminobenzyl) -4'-methylcyclohexanecarboxylic acid can be used as an antioxidant to diesel fuel and turbine oil T-46.

scholarly journals Biodiesel Production from a Novel Nonedible Feedstock, Soursop (Annona muricata L.) Seed Oil

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2562 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chia-Hung Su ◽  
Hoang Nguyen ◽  
Uyen Pham ◽  
My Nguyen ◽  
Horng-Yi Juan
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Annona Muricata ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Biodiesel Feedstock ◽  
Acid Catalyzed ◽  
American Society ◽  
Optimal Reaction

This study investigated the optimal reaction conditions for biodiesel production from soursop (Annona muricata) seeds. A high oil yield of 29.6% (w/w) could be obtained from soursop seeds. Oil extracted from soursop seeds was then converted into biodiesel through two-step transesterification process. A highest biodiesel yield of 97.02% was achieved under optimal acid-catalyzed esterification conditions (temperature: 65 °C, 1% H2SO4, reaction time: 90 min, and a methanol:oil molar ratio: 10:1) and optimal alkali-catalyzed transesterification conditions (temperature: 65 °C, reaction time: 30 min, 0.6% NaOH, and a methanol:oil molar ratio: 8:1). The properties of soursop biodiesel were determined and most were found to meet the European standard EN 14214 and American Society for Testing and Materials standard D6751. This study suggests that soursop seed oil is a promising biodiesel feedstock and that soursop biodiesel is a viable alternative to petrodiesel.

Synthesis of Benzaldehyde 1, 2-Propanediol Acetal by Using Ionic Liquid [Hmim]HSO4 as Catalyst

2012 ◽  
Vol 550-553 ◽  
pp. 400-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xue Nan Sun ◽  
Li Cui ◽  
Tong Kuan Xu ◽  
Da Zhi Wang
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Product Yield ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Good Catalyst ◽  
Optimal Reaction

Benzaldehyde 1, 2-propanediol acetal was synthesized from benzaldehyde and 1, 2-propanediol in the presence of ionic liquid [HMIM]HSO4. The effect of the amount of catalyst, reaction time, reaction temperature, and the molar ratio of raw materials agent on the product yield was investigated respectively. Experimental results demonstrate that ionic liquid [HMIM]HSO4is a good catalyst for preparation of benzaldehyde 1, 2-propanediol acetal. Results showed the optimal reaction conditions are as follows: the mole ratio of benzaldehyde to 1, 2-propanediol is 1：1.3, the amount of catalyst is 3.0g, the reaction temperature is 343K, and the reaction time is 4h. The achieved yield of acetal is 78. 7%.

A Novel Process for Synthesis of Cyclohexyl Ferulate

2013 ◽  
Vol 781-784 ◽  
pp. 283-286
Author(s):  
Xiang Wen Kong ◽  
Han Wang ◽  
Zhao Jing Li ◽  
Jing Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Ferulic Acid ◽  
1H Nmr ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Synthesis Process ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Sodium Bisulfate ◽  
Optimal Reaction

Cyclohexyl ferulate was prepared by direct sterification of ferulic acid and cyclohexanol as raw materials with sodium bisulfate supported by silica as a catalyst. The influences of some factors on the synthesis process were studied. The optimal reaction conditions based upon 0. 2 mol of ferulic acid were chosen that the molar ratio of cyclohexanol and ferulic acid was 10 : 1, the mass ratio of catalyst to reactants was 5%, refluing reaction time was 3.5 hours, et a1. The yield of the product reached 80%. The structure of the product was characterized by IR, 1H NMR and MS spectrum. The catalyst could be recycled and used for many times, which is friendly to the environment.

Nutrient Recovery from Piggy Wastewater by Enhancing Struvite Crystallization Process

2014 ◽  
Vol 522-524 ◽  
pp. 579-583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Zhang ◽  
Ci Fang ◽  
Ping Li ◽  
Rong Feng Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Crystallization Process ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Efficient Technology ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Electron Microscopy Analysis ◽  
Microscopy Analysis ◽  
Struvite Crystallization ◽  
Optimal Reaction ◽  
Optimal Mixing

The problem of nutrient pollution from piggy wastewater has been considered as a serious problem. Enhancing struvite crystallization process is an efficient technology for ammonium recovery. In our study, the optimal reaction conditions of pH, Mg2+: NH4+: PO43- molar ratio, mixing reaction time, and different kinds of chemicals combinations for ammonium recovery were examined. The conclusions were drawn as following. The optimal pH for ammonium recovery was 9.0. The optimal Mg2+: NH4+: PO43- molar ratio for ammonium recovery was 1.3:1:1. The optimal mixing reaction time for ammonium recovery was 10 min. The chemicals combination of MgCl2 + Na2HPO4 was the most efficient for ammonium recovery. Scanning electron microscopy analysis indicated the unshaped struvite crystal was coarse and its size was irregular.

Synthesis of Amyl Ferulate Catalyzed by Sodium Bisulfate Supported by Silica

2014 ◽  
Vol 1033-1034 ◽  
pp. 30-33
Author(s):  
Xiang Wen Kong ◽  
Huan Wang ◽  
Han Wang ◽  
Li Li Ren ◽  
Zhao Jing Li
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Ferulic Acid ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Synthetic Process ◽  
Direct Esterification ◽  
Sodium Bisulfate ◽  
Optimal Reaction

Amyl ferulate was synthesized by direct esterification with using sodium bisulfate supported by silica as a catalyst, ferulic acid and n-pentanol as raw materials. The influences of some factors on the synthetic process were studied. The optimal reaction conditions based upon 0.2 mol of ferulic acid were chosen that the molar ratio of n-pentanol and ferulic acid was 2 : 1, the mass ratio of catalyst to reactants was 6%, refluxing reaction time was 3 hours. The yield of the product reached 97% under the above conditions. The structure of the product was characterized by IR, 1H NMR and MS spectrum. The catalyst could be recycled and used for many times.

scholarly journals Synthesis of Ruthenium Complex Based on 2,6-Bis(1-(phenyl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)pyridine and 2-(1-Phenyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)benzoate and Catalytical Oxidation Property of 1-(1H-Benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)ethanol to 1-(1H-Benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)ethanone with H2O2

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Shenggui Liu ◽  
Rongkai Pan ◽  
Guobi Li ◽  
Wenyi Su ◽  
Chunlin Ni
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Oxidation Reaction ◽  
Ruthenium Complex ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Catalyst Amount ◽  
Optimal Reaction

A new ruthenium complex, Ru(bpbp)(pbb)Cl, based on 2,6-bis(1-(phenyl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)pyridine (bpbp) and 2-(1-phenyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)benzoate (pbb) was synthesized. The complex Ru(bpbp)(pbb)Cl could catalytically oxidize 1-(1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)ethanol to 1-(1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)ethanone with H2O2 as oxidant. Influence of temperature and catalyst amount on the oxidation reaction was evaluated. The reaction optimal conditions are as follows: molar ratio of catalyst to substrate to H2O2 is 1 : 1000 : 3000, the proper reaction temperature is 50°C and reaction time lasts 5 h, and the isolated yield of 1-(1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)ethanol to 1-(1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)ethanone under the optimal reaction conditions is 57%.

Synthesis of Propylene Carbonate Catalyzed by Copper-containing Hydrotalcite-like Compounds

2010 ◽  
Vol 1279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianmei Xie ◽  
Lian Duan ◽  
Zhenghuang Wu ◽  
Lina Wang ◽  
Kai Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Propylene Carbonate ◽  
Orthogonal Test ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Test Design ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Catalytic Activities ◽  
Orthogonal Test Design ◽  
Optimal Reaction

AbstractCuFe-Hydrotalcite-Like Compounds (CuFe-HTLcs) were synthesized by coprecipitation with Cu(NO3)2·6H2O, Fe(NO3)3·9H2O, NaOH and Na2CO3 solution. The sample with Cu2+ / Fe3+ = 2 was of the highest crystalline characterized by XRD and particle size distribution. The synthesis of propylene carbonate from 1,2-propanediol (PG) and urea was performed to evaluate the catalytic activities of the CuFe-HTLcs. The effects of reaction time, temperature, dosage of catalyst on the synthesis of propylene carbonate were fully discussed. The optimal reaction conditions were determined by using orthogonal test design: reaction temperature 170 °C, dosage of catalyst 0.2 g, and molar ratio of PG to urea 2:1, reaction time 3 h. Under the optimal conditions, the conversion of urea nearly reached 100 %, and the selectivity of propylene carbonate was up to 90.4%.

Study on the Synthesis of Isoamyl Acetate Catalyzed by Strong Acidic Cation Exchange Resin

2011 ◽  
Vol 396-398 ◽  
pp. 2411-2415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Lan ◽  
Li Hong Lan ◽  
Tao Xie ◽  
An Ping Liao
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Cation Exchanger ◽  
Cation Exchange Resin ◽  
Isoamyl Acetate ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Esterification Reaction ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Optimum Reaction

Isoamyl acetate was synthesized from isoamylol and glacial acetic acid with strong acidic cation exchanger as catalyst. The effects of reaction conditions such as acid-alcohol ratio, reaction time, catalyst dosage to esterification reaction have been investigated and the optimum reaction conditions can be concluded as: the molar ratio of acetic acid to isoamylol 0.8:1, reaction time 2h, 25 % of catalyst (quality of acetic acid as benchmark). The conversion rate can reach up to 75.46%. The catalytic ability didn’t reduce significantly after reusing 10 times and the results showed that the catalyst exhibited preferably catalytic activity and reusability.

scholarly journals Synthesis of propylene carbonate from urea and 1,2-propylene glycol over metal carbonates

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 323-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiancheng Zhou ◽  
Wu Dongfang ◽  
Birong Zhang ◽  
Yali Guo
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Propylene Glycol ◽  
Propylene Carbonate ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Lead Carbonate ◽  
Synthetic Process ◽  
Metal Carbonates ◽  
Optimal Reaction ◽  
Mixed Carbonate

A series of single-metal carbonates and Pb-Zn mixed-metal carbonates were prepared as catalysts for alcoholysis of urea with 1,2-propylene glycol (PG) for the synthesis of propylene carbonate (PC). The mixed carbonates all show much better catalytic activities than the single carbonates, arising from a strong synergistic effect between the two crystalline phases, hydrozincite and lead carbonate. The mixed carbonate with Pb/Zn=1:2 gives the highest yield of PC, followed by the mixed carbonate with Pb/Zn=1:3. Furthermore, Taguchi method was used to optimize the synthetic process for improving the yield of PC. It is shown that the reaction temperature is the most significant factor affecting the yield of PC, followed by the reaction time, and that the optimal reaction conditions are the reaction time at 5 hours, the reaction temperature at 180 oC and the catalyst amount at 1.8 wt%, resulting in the highest PC yield of 96.3%.

Lipase-Catalyzed Acyl-L-Carnitines Synthesis in [Bmim]PF6 Ionic Liquid

2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin-qiang Tian ◽  
Qiang Wang ◽  
Zhong-yuan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Lipase Activity ◽  
Molecular Sieves ◽  
Reaction Medium ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Optimal Reaction ◽  
Better Than

In order to significantly improve the biosynthesis of acyl-L-carnitines catalyzed by lipase, there must be an efficient and suitable reaction medium that is not only polar but also hydrophobic. [Bmim]PF6, which satisfies the above two requirements, was applied as the medium. The optimal reaction conditions were: for isovaleryl-L-carnitine, 0.22aW, 200mg molecular sieves, 60ºC, 4:1 of molar ratio (fatty acid:L-carnitine), 150rpm and 60h; for octanoyl-L-carnitine and palmitoyl-L-carnitine, 0.22aW, 250 mg molecular sieves, 5:1 of molar ratio (fatty acid:L-carnitine), 200rpm, 48h, 60ºC (octanoyl-L-carnitine) and 65ºC (palmitoyl-L-carnitine). Their overall yields could reach 59.14%, 90.79% and 98.03%, respectively. The yields of isovaleryl-L-carnitine, octanoyl-L-carnitine and palmitoyl-L-carnitine in [Bmim]PF6 were 16.21%, 73.67% and 44.22 % more than those in acetonitrile, respectively. [Bmim]PF6 as the medium was better than acetonitrile. It could not only enhance the yields of acyl-L-carnitines, but also protect the lipase activity.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document