scholarly journals Rhetorical Space and the Ontogeny of Women in the DDC

2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Melodie J. Fox
Keyword(s):  
Classification Scheme ◽  
Symbolic Power ◽  
Cultural Norms ◽  
Dominant Culture ◽  
Class Differences ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Rhetorical Space

It is well-established that classification standards have historically reflected hierarchy, power and knowledge in the culture from which they originate (Olson, 2002). Budd(2003) describes classification as an agent of “symbolic power,” and points out that without seeing classification as a “discursive act,” class differences can be perpetuated (p.28). Placement of subjects in a classification scheme constitutes a rhetorical act that explicates an intentional or unintentional power strategy of the classification scheme’s editors as perpetuators of the dominant culture. As cultural norms shift, so does the classification, creating anontogeny, or what Tennis calls, “the life of the subject overtime” (2007, 2012). If ontogeny tracks the arc of a subject’s position, within each rendition of a classification the concepts proximate to each other to create a “rhetorica lspace” that defines how the concept should be perceived by users of the classification.

Savvy Surrogates and Rock Star Parents: Compensation Provisions, Contracting Practices, and the Value of Womb Work

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 398-431
Author(s):  
Hillary L. Berk
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Social Process ◽  
The United States ◽  
Symbolic Power ◽  
Cultural Norms ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Selective Abortion ◽  
Medical Risks ◽  
Exchange Relations

Abstract:What is the value of surrogate labor and risks, and how is it negotiated by participants as they contract within an unsettled baby market? This article presents novel data on compensation, fee, and bodily autonomy provisions formalized in surrogacy contracts, and the experiences of actors embedded in exchange relations, as they emerge in a contested reproductive market. It combines content analysis of a sample of thirty surrogacy contracts with 115 semi-structured interviews conducted in twenty states across the United States of parties to these agreements, attorneys who draft them, counselors, and agencies that coordinate matches between intended parents and surrogates. It analyzes the value of services and medical risks, such as loss of a uterus, selective abortion, and “carrier incapacity,” as they are encoded into agreements within an ambiguous field. Surrogacy is presented as an interactive social process involving law, markets, medicine, and a variety of cultural norms surrounding gender, motherhood, and work. Contracts have actual and symbolic power, legitimating transactions despite moral anxieties. Compensation transforms pregnancy into a job while helping participants make sense of the market and their “womb work” given normative flux. Contracts are deployed by professionals without informed policies that could enhance power and reduce potential inequalities.

Brackets and flying commas: UDC in Tate Library

2011 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 13-17
Author(s):  
Maria White
Keyword(s):  
Classification Scheme ◽  
Modern Art ◽  
Full Expression ◽  
Universal Decimal Classification ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Decimal Classification

Universal Decimal Classification (UDC) is a flexible classification scheme that allows the full expression of the subject of a book. However such flexibility requires decisions to be taken on how to apply and use the schedules. This article discusses the choices made by Tate Library in its implementation of the classification scheme and how the Library has developed UDC for its in-house use, in particular the expansion of the section for modern art.

scholarly journals Electromyographic Pattern Analysis and Classification for a Robotic Prosthetic Arm

2006 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. José H. Erazo Macias ◽  
S. Alejandro Vega
Keyword(s):  
Pattern Classification ◽  
Classification Scheme ◽  
Pattern Analysis ◽  
Signal Classification ◽  
Wrist Movement ◽  
Shoulder Muscles ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Electromyographic Signals ◽  
Flexion And Extension

This paper deals with the statistical analysis and pattern classification of electromyographic signals from the biceps of a person with amputation below the humerus. Such signals collected from an amputation simulator are synergistically generated to produce discrete elbow movements. The purpose of this study is to utilise these signals to control an electrically driven prosthetic or orthotic elbow with minimum extra mental effort on the part of the subject. The results show very good separability of classes of movements when a learning pattern classification scheme is used, and a superposition of any composite motion to the three basic primitive motions—humeral rotation in and out, flexion and extension, and pronation and supination. Since no synergy was detected for the wrist movement, different inputs have to be provided for a grip. In addition, the method described is not limited by the location of the electrodes. For amputees with shorter stumps, synergistic signals could be obtained from the shoulder muscles. However, the presentation in this paper is limited to biceps signal classification only.

Contemporary Jewish Writing in Austria: An Anthology

2003 ◽  
pp. 550-554
Keyword(s):  
Literary History ◽  
Home Country ◽  
Dominant Culture ◽  
The Holocaust ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Book Sharing

This chapter examines Contemporary Jewish Writing in Austria: An Anthology, which was edited by Dagmar C. G. Lorenz. Contemporary Jewish Writing in Austria is an anthology of the writings of Jewish authors from five generations whose works have been published in recent decades. Lorenz provides a very interesting introduction to her book, sharing with the reader her profound understanding of the complexities of Austrian Jewish literary history. She introduces the problems that faced Austrian Jews after the Holocaust: that they were not invited to return from exile, and if they decided to return to their home country, they were expected to assimilate to the dominant culture. Fascinating and tragic is the fact that still, despite all adversities, some Jews do not mind living in Vienna and identify themselves with this city as the only beloved home they have ever had. The author of the anthology also broaches the subject of the dual emotional loyalties of Austrian Jews and European Jews in general: loyalty to their home country and emotional ties to Israel.

The Spectrum of Frames and Disputes in the Umbrella Movement

2019 ◽  
pp. 74-99
Author(s):  
Wing Sang Law
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Social Movement ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
Social Mobilization ◽  
Symbolic Power ◽  
Democratic Reform ◽  
Direct Election ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Common

This chapter highlights the importance of how the key campaign groups of the Umbrella Movement contested each other through their efforts of “framing” the movement in different ways so as to realize their competing visions of social mobilization. The Umbrella Movement was basically not a battleground between old and new conceptions of identity; rather, the subject matter was, throughout the process, democratic reform. Having said that, no one can take the Umbrella Movement out of the bigger context of ideological contestation happening over the years and how these contestations affected the prodemocracy cause. The Umbrella Movement was indeed overshadowed by an intense struggle for symbolic power, which might not help to organize the movement in a conventional sense. In other words, underneath the common quest for genuine direct election, a battle of anti-elitism was played out according to the populist logic that allowed its adherents to always play taboo breakers, going against political correctness. Disputes over framing and strategies went hand-in-hand with a subterranean campaign against the elites alleged to be gaining personal benefits by being part of the social movement industry or political establishment. The elites were reframed to be worse enemies than the regime in power instead of someone holding different judgments about tactics and action choices. Such an anti-elitist battle deepened the “culture of distrust” in Hong Kong.

Electronic games classification in the library of congress and Dewey classification schemes: a comparative study

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nahed Salem ◽  
Ahmed Maher Khafaga Shehata
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Classification Scheme ◽  
Library Of Congress ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Classification Schemes ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Electronic Games ◽  
Decimal Classification

Purpose The study aims to explore the classification of electronic games in Dewey decimal classification (DDC) and The Library of Congress classification (LCC) schemes. Design/methodology/approach The study adopted a comparative analytical method to explore the topic in both the DDC and the LCC schemes by comparing its processing method in both schemes. The study measures the extent to which both schemes succeed in allocating notations covering the topic’s literature. Findings The study reached several results, the most important of which are: the difference between the two main cognitive sections, to which they belong to the topic, namely, arts and recreation (700) in the DDC scheme and the geography section (G) in the LCC scheme, while they were found to share the same sub-section scheme. The two schemes do not allocate notations to address the subject of electronic games as literature and other notations that have not been embodied for electronic games themselves or in the form of a compact disc or other media. Originality/value As far as we know, this is the first paper that compares the treatment of video games in DDC and Library of Congress classification schemes. The study allows for understanding the difference in the treatment of topics in both schemes, which would help in the decision of the adoption of a particular classification scheme.

scholarly journals Hysteresis: Understanding the Housing Aspirations Gap

Sociology ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 182-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joe Crawford ◽  
Kim McKee
Keyword(s):  
Generational Differences ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Housing Wealth ◽  
Subjective Expectations ◽  
Young Professionals ◽  
Class Differences ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Housing Outcomes

Drawing on qualitative research on housing aspirations in Scotland, the objectives of this article are threefold. Firstly, this article will contextualise the subject of housing aspirations within relevant research literature and situate it within wider debates which revolve around the relationship between housing and social class. Secondly, in order to understand the implications of the research, this article uses Bourdieu’s notion of ‘sociodicy’ to help explain the ‘social’ reasons which incline people to have housing aspirations. Thirdly, the data will be analysed to understand the differences in ‘aspirations’ between groups, concluding that the generational differences, which correspond to the epochal changes in the economy, are more important than class differences when understanding the uneven distribution of housing outcomes and housing wealth in developed societies. The article concludes that the Bourdieusian concept of hysteresis explains the gap between the subjective expectations of young ‘professionals’ and the objective chances of their realisation.

Intercultural Disidentifications in Theory, and in Poetic and Theatrical Practice

Tekstualia ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (51) ◽  
pp. 13-36
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Welizarowicz
Keyword(s):  
Dominant Culture ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Theatrical Practice ◽  
The Times ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Way

Taking Chicano poet Tino Villanueva’s collection Scene from the Movie GIANT (1993) as an opening example the essay looks at the strategies available to a subject at a moment of an unequal intercultural encounter, that is when the discourse of the dominant culture is experienced as exploitation or exclusion. Building on Louis Althusser’s theory of Ideological State Apparatuses (ISA) and on Michel Pêcheux’s linguistic reading of ISA as discursive formations it is proposed that Villanueva’s poetry exemplifi es a type of relationship of a subject to the dominant formation which Pêcheux calls “Disidentifi cation”. Pêcheux’s theory of subjecthood is discussed in detail. It is then applied in an interpretation of two excerpts from Chicana performer/dramatist Monica Palacios’ oeuvre. The essay concludes with a proposition that “disidentifi cations” offer an important tool of maintaining a fl uid and ambivalent type of subjectivity in the times of the „death of the subject” and intercultural crises. Disidentifi catory practices, by reworking our epistemic certainties, may lead the way in building sustainable pluralistic humanism.

Decadence as Scientific Fulfillment

PMLA ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 117 (3) ◽  
pp. 465-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Ferguson
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Logical Consequence ◽  
Cultural Norms ◽  
Scientific Culture ◽  
Experimental Knowledge ◽  
Useful Knowledge ◽  
Picture Of Dorian Gray ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Failed Attempt ◽  
Dorian Gray

This essay challenges two established critical assumptions about late Victorian literary decadence: first, that decadence represented a sterile and ultimately failed attempt to defy social and cultural norms and, second, that the movement was antithetical to the scientific culture of the nineteenth century. Decadence is instead shown to be the logical consequence of a scientific spirit that, by the end of the century, increasingly ignored the demands of utilitarianism and fixated on the pursuit of experimental knowledge for its own sake, regardless of the consequences. Thus, the “failures” of the subject that so frequently mark the end of accounts of decadence such as Wilde's The Picture of Dorian Gray, Collins's Heart and Science, and Machen's The Great God Pan represent the triumph of a historically specific experimental ethos that valued the transcendence of conventional epistemology over the discovery of useful knowledge.

scholarly journals RESISTING DOMINANT CULTURE IN THE LONELY LONDONERS: A CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (15) ◽  
pp. 1275-1279
Author(s):  
Kawa Sherwani ◽  
Saman Dizayi
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Cultural Identity ◽  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Colonial History ◽  
Dominant Culture ◽  
Theory And Criticism ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Cultural Dominance

This paper investigates the resistance of immigrants to cultural dominance of London society in The Lonely Londoners, a postcolonial novel by Sam Selvon. The Lonely Londoners (1956) depicts the miserable life of Caribbean people who migrated in hope to find better condition of living than their countries. The paper furnishes a theoretic ground for analyzing the discourse of the novel which presents the subject of resisting dominant culture throughout events and language used by the novelist. The paradigm of immigrants, their trauma and shock have always been the spot line of discussion after WWII. Through the colonial history there was a dominant discourse of Western cultural superiority imposed on colonized, with the postcolonial era a different discourse emerged through intellectual presentations such as Fanon, Said, Bhabha ideas and others who enlightened literary theory and criticism and theorized resistance and cultural identity. Thus, this paper will critically analyze the discourse of resistance of Postcolonial people in exile to ascertain their existence and identity. Keywords: Post colonialism, Discourse analysis, Resistance, Identity

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