Adefovir dipivoxil nella terapia dell’epatite B cronica: profilo farmacologico clinico ed economico

2005 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 289-300
Author(s):  
Lorenzo Pradelli ◽  
Mario Eandi
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Adefovir Dipivoxil ◽  
Clinical Evidence ◽  
Clinical Effectiveness ◽  
Effective Vaccine ◽  
Health Care Economics ◽  
Nucleotide Analogue ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Oral Prodrug ◽  
Very High

Despite the fact that an effective vaccine against hepatitis B virus (HBV) has been available for over 30 years, the worldwide prevalence of this infection is still very high. Until recently, there were only two effective therapeutic options for chronic hepatitis B (CHB), interferon and lamivudine, but both are considered suboptimal therapies, for different reasons. Adefovir dipivoxil (ADV) is the oral prodrug of adefovir, an acyclic nucleotide analogue that demonstrated virological and clinical effectiveness against HBV in experimental and real world settings. In this paper the main pharmacological and clinical evidence of ADV in CHB is reviewed. Health care economics data on the direct costs of CHB in different countries are presented and potential economical consequences of its introduction in Italy are discussed.

scholarly journals rtE218G, a novel hepatitis B virus mutation with resistance to adefovir dipivoxil in patients with chronic hepatitis B

2010 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 66-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. J. Liu ◽  
J. H. Wang ◽  
S. C. Du ◽  
J. H. Tian ◽  
R. F. Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis B ◽  
Adefovir Dipivoxil ◽  
B Virus

Efficacy and safety of adefovir dipivoxil 20mg daily in HBeAg-positive patients with lamivudine-resistant hepatitis B virus and a suboptimal virological response to adefovir dipivoxil 10mg daily

2007 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 791-796 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christophe Hézode ◽  
Stéphane Chevaliez ◽  
Magali Bouvier-Alias ◽  
Françoise Roudot-Thoraval ◽  
Rozenn Brillet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Virological Response ◽  
Adefovir Dipivoxil ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
20Mg Daily ◽  
10Mg Daily ◽  
B Virus

scholarly journals All-atom molecular dynamics study of hepatitis B virus containing pregenome RNA in solution

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazushi Fujimoto ◽  
Youhei Yamaguchi ◽  
Ryo Urano ◽  
Wataru Shinoda ◽  
Tetsuya Ishikawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Dynamics ◽  
Free Energy ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Ion Selectivity ◽  
Bulk Water ◽  
Field Analysis ◽  
Nucleotide Analogue ◽  
Capsid Shell ◽  
B Virus

Immature hepatitis B virus (HBV) captures nucleotides in its capsid for reverse transcription. The nucleotides and nucleotide analogue drugs, which are triphosphorylated and negatively charged in the cell, approach the capsid via diffusion and are absorbed into it. In this study, we performed a long-time molecular dynamics (MD) calculation of the entire HBV capsid containing pregenome RNA to investigate the interactions between the capsid and negatively charged substances. Electric field analysis demonstrated that negatively charged substances can approach the HBV capsid by thermal motion, avoiding spikes. The substances then migrate all over the floor of the HBV capsid. Finally, they find pores through which they can pass through the HBV capsid shell. Free energy profiles were calculated along these pores for small ions to understand their permeability through the pores. Anions (Cl-) showed higher free energy barriers than cations (Na+ and K+) through all pores, and the permeation rate of Cl- was eight times slower than that of K+ or Na+. Furthermore, the ions were more stable in the capsid than in the bulk water. Thus, the HBV capsid exerts ion selectivity for uptake and provides an environment for ions, such as nucleotides and nucleotide analogue drugs, to be stabilized within the capsid.

scholarly journals Állásfoglalás az egészségügyi dolgozók hepatitis B-vírus-fertőzéssel szembeni immunizációjáról

2019 ◽  
Vol 160 (41) ◽  
pp. 1607-1616
Author(s):  
Csilla Jekkel ◽  
Beáta Onozó ◽  
Petra Scharek ◽  
Andrea Kulcsár
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Occupational Exposures ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Effective Vaccine ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Increasing Risk ◽  
Induced Immunity

Abstract: More than 200 million HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) positive, hepatitis B virus (HBV) carriers live worldwide. Health-care personnel have increasing risk for aquiring the HBV infection. An effective vaccine is available against the infection, however, a certain proportion of the vaccinated patients do not respond to the vaccine depending on certain factors. Therefore, vaccine-induced immunity (anti-HBs) should be tested at health-care workers. For nonresponders, there are other vaccination strategies to try to achieve protection. This recommendation also provides a guidance for postexposure prophylaxis following occupational exposures against HBV infection. This is the first Hungarian recommendation about this topic. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(41): 1607–1616.

scholarly journals In Vitro Systems for Studying Different Genotypes/Sub-Genotypes of Hepatitis B Virus: Strengths and Limitations

Viruses ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Constance N. Wose Kinge ◽  
Nimisha H. Bhoola ◽  
Anna Kramvis
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
In Vitro Model ◽  
Antiviral Agents ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Effective Vaccine ◽  
B Virus ◽  
In Vitro Systems ◽  
Vitro Model

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infects the liver resulting in end stage liver disease, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Despite an effective vaccine, HBV poses a serious health problem globally, accounting for 257 million chronic carriers. Unique features of HBV, including its narrow virus–host range and its hepatocyte tropism, have led to major challenges in the development of suitable in vivo and in vitro model systems to recapitulate the HBV replication cycle and to test various antiviral strategies. Moreover, HBV is classified into at least nine genotypes and 35 sub-genotypes with distinct geographical distributions and prevalence, which have different natural histories of infection, clinical manifestation, and response to current antiviral agents. Here, we review various in vitro systems used to study the molecular biology of the different (sub)genotypes of HBV and their response to antiviral agents, and we discuss their strengths and limitations. Despite the advances made, no system is ideal for pan-genotypic HBV research or drug development and therefore further improvement is required. It is necessary to establish a centralized repository of HBV-related generated materials, which are readily accessible to HBV researchers, with international collaboration toward advancement and development of in vitro model systems for testing new HBV antivirals to ensure their pan-genotypic and/or customized activity.

Hepatitis B virus genotype C encoding resistance mutations that emerge during adefovir dipivoxil therapy: in vitro replication phenotype

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 443-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenpeng Li ◽  
Nadia Warner ◽  
Vitina Sozzi ◽  
Lilly Yuen ◽  
Danni Colledge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Adefovir Dipivoxil ◽  
Resistance Mutations ◽  
Virus Genotype ◽  
In Vitro Replication ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Genotype C
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