scholarly journals Invasion and reproduction by rootlesion nematode (Pratylenchus penetrans) differs among selected lines of red clover (Trifolium pratense)

2005 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.A. Papadopoulos ◽  
J. Kimpinski ◽  
K.B. McRae ◽  
B.R. Christie ◽  
C.E. Gallant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Pratylenchus Penetrans ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Greenhouse Study ◽  
Lesion Nematodes ◽  
Lesion Nematode ◽  
Low Incidence ◽  
Root Lesion Nematodes

Eighteen cultivars and breeding lines of red clover (Trifolium pratense) were evaluated in a greenhouse study for their relative response to inoculation by the root-lesion nematode (Pratylenchus penetrans). The incidence of plants invaded and the nematode concentration in the roots were generally related but not always. One cultivar (Florex) had a low incidence of plants being invaded, but a high concentration of nematodes in the roots of invaded plants. Three entries (CRS 15, CRS 5, and CRS 11) displayed a low incidence of plants being invaded and a low concentration of nematodes in the root. One cultivar, AC Kingston, was judged to be highly susceptible, while the remaining entries had differing invasion incidences and differing concentrations of root-lesion nematodes in the roots.

scholarly journals Influence of previous crops and nematicide treatments on root lesion nematode populations and crop yields

2005 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Kimpinski ◽  
L.M. Edwards ◽  
C.E. Gallant ◽  
H.W. Johnson ◽  
J.A. MacLeod ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Root Lesion Nematode ◽  
Lesion Nematodes ◽  
Lesion Nematode ◽  
Root Lesion Nematodes

A field study assessing the influence of the previous crop, the crop sequence, and aldicarb treatments on root lesion nematode populations and crop yields was carried out in Prince-Edward-Island, Canada. The most recent crop had the greatest impact on nematode numbers. The crop sequences had an influence in some cases on root lesion nematode populations (primarily Pratylenchus penetrans) and on crop yields. In commercial barley (Hordeum vulgare) fields, root lesion nematodes in roots were greatest when barley followed a red clover (Trifolium pratense) timothy (Phleum pratense) ley, and stunt nematodes (Tylenchorhynchus spp., primarily T. dubius, and Merlinius spp.) were more common when barley followed barley. The combined dry weight of foliage and grain was larger when barley was planted after potato (Solanumtuberosum) and smaller when barley followed barley or a red clover-timothy mixture. Under experimental field conditions, root lesion nematode populations were largest in barley roots when barley followed potato and grain yields were smallest when barley followed barley. Changes in nematode populations in potato were not associated with crop sequences. Potato tuber yields were higher in the sequences that began with wheat (Triticum aestivum) or barley than in the sequences that began with potato or soybean (Glycine max). Aldicarb reduced the numbers of root lesion nematodes in roots with concomitant yield increases in potato and soybean.

EFFECT OF THE ROOT-LESION NEMATODE ON YIELD OF FOUR FORAGE LEGUMES UNDER GREENHOUSE CONDITIONS

1969 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 505-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. B. Willis ◽  
L. S. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
White Clover ◽  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Birdsfoot Trefoil ◽  
Pratylenchus Penetrans ◽  
Lesion Nematodes ◽  
Trifolium Pratense L ◽  
Significant Yield ◽  
Medicago Sativa L ◽  
Root Lesion Nematodes

Foliage yields of red clover (Trifolium pratense L.), alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), white clover (Trifolium repens L.), and birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.) were reduced by root-lesion nematodes [Pratylenchus penetrans (Cobb, 1917) Filip. and Stekh, 1941]. Foliage yields generally decreased with increased infestation levels. Significant yield reductions were recorded at the time of first cutting for white clover and birdsfoot trefoil, but not until several cuts later for red clover and alfalfa. Mean yields of birdsfoot trefoil, red clover, alfalfa, and white clover infested with 7,500 nematodes per pail were 50, 73, 83, and 93%, respectively, of control yields.

INFLUENCE OF FENSULFOTHION AND FENAMIPHOS ON ROOT LESION NEMATODE NUMBERS AND YIELD OF FORAGE LEGUMES

1975 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 727-735 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. S. THOMPSON ◽  
C. B. WILLIS
Keyword(s):  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Birdsfoot Trefoil ◽  
Root Lesion Nematode ◽  
Forage Legumes ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Lesion Nematodes ◽  
Lesion Nematode ◽  
Root Lesion Nematodes

A field study was made of the effects of three rates of fenamiphos [ethyl-3-methyl-4-(methylthio) phenyl (1-methylethyl) phosphoramidate] and fensulfothion [O,O-diethyl O-(p-(methylsulfinyl) phenyl) phosphorothioate] on root lesion nematode numbers (Pratylenchus spp.), and on forage yields of red clover (Trifolium pratense L.), alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.). Both nematicides, at the rates tested (fensulfothion − 11.2, 22.4 and 44.8 kg/ha; fenamiphos − 5.6, 11.2 and 22.4 kg/ha) reduced populations of root lesion nematodes in the soil, as well as in rootlets of the three forage legumes. Seeding year yields were increased by both nematicides. Neither nematicide resulted in substantial yield increases at the time of the the first cut (June) of the second growing season, but did result in considerably increased yields at the time of the second and third cuts. At the same rates of application, fenamiphos provided better control of nematodes than did fensulfothion, particularly with increasing time following treatment. The larger total yield increases for the two growing seasons from fenamiphos-treated plots were coincident with better root lesion nematode control. Fewer alfalfa, birdsfoot trefoil and red clover taproots were infected by Fusarium spp. and Rhizoctonia solani Kühn in fenamiphos-treated plots, where there were fewer root lesion nematodes, than in check plots. Laboratory tests indicated that field rates of fensulfothion and fenamiphos were not fungicidal to a number of soil fungi, including Fusarium spp. and R. solani, found associated with forage legume roots.

scholarly journals Wild and Cultivated Strawberries Can Tolerate or Resist Root-lesion Nematode

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (9) ◽  
pp. 1074-1077 ◽  
Author(s):  
John W. Potter ◽  
Adam Dale
Keyword(s):  
Nematode Resistance ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Pratylenchus Penetrans ◽  
Root Lesion Nematode ◽  
Lesion Nematodes ◽  
Fragaria Virginiana ◽  
Lesion Nematode ◽  
Growth Vigor ◽  
Root Lesion Nematodes ◽  
Population Counts

Intraspecific crossing of `Guardian' and `Midway' cultivated strawberry (Fragaria ×ananassa Duch.) produced a family of genotypes, some of which suppressed root-lesion nematode [Pratylenchus penetrans (Cobb)] population counts and produced large berries and high yield. Unlike `Midway', `Guardian' also suppressed P. penetrans. Among several beach strawberry [Fragaria chiloensis (L.) Duch.] and woodland strawberry (Fragaria virginiana Duch.) genotypes, variation was found in resistance and tolerance to root-lesion nematodes. Three F. chiloensis genotypes showed tolerance, and at least two genotypes may be somewhat resistant. Three F. virginiana genotypes also were tolerant, and three were resistant. Also, one (`Little Cataraqui 4') combined root growth vigor with nematode resistance. We concluded that exploitable genetic diversity in vigor and reaction to root-lesion nematodes exists in wild Fragaria and in F. ×ananassa.

scholarly journals Cover Crops Resistant to Root-lesion Nematodes in Raspberry

HortScience ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (7) ◽  
pp. 1195-1198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thierry Vrain ◽  
Robyn DeYoung ◽  
John Hall ◽  
Stan Freyman
Keyword(s):  
White Clover ◽  
Cover Crops ◽  
Cover Crop ◽  
Rubus Idaeus ◽  
Pratylenchus Penetrans ◽  
Nematode Density ◽  
Red Fescue ◽  
Lesion Nematodes ◽  
Lesion Nematode ◽  
Root Lesion Nematodes

Cover crops used in red raspberry plantings (Rubus idaeus L.) are often good hosts of the root-lesion nematode (Pratylenchus penetrans Filipjev & Sch. Stekoven), a major soilborne pathogen of raspberry. The effects of two susceptible cover crops, white clover (Trifolium repens L.) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), planted in between rows, on nematode density and growth of raspberry plants were compared to those of three cover crops resistant to the nematode: redtop (Agrostis alba L.), creeping red fescue (Festuca rubra L.), and `Saia' oat (Avena sativa L.). Nematode multiplication in raspberry roots and in cover crop roots was assessed over 4 years. Growth and vigor of plants were estimated at the end of the experiment by counting primocanes and determining height and biomass. Nematode multiplication was suppressed in roots of `Saia' oat, fescue, and redtop compared to barley or white clover. Nematode density in roots and rhizosphere soil of raspberry was not affected by the choice of cover crops. Nematode suppression in the three resistant cover crops did not translate into increased vigor of raspberry plants.

Selection for resistance to the root-lesion nematode in alfalfa

1992 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 593-598
Author(s):  
B. R. Christie ◽  
J. L. Townshend
Keyword(s):  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Pratylenchus Penetrans ◽  
Root Lesion Nematode ◽  
Lesion Nematodes ◽  
Growth Room ◽  
Medicago Sativa L ◽  
Lesion Nematode ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Root Lesion Nematodes ◽  
Made In

A study was conducted to evaluate response of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) to selection for resistance to the root-lesion nematode (Pratylenchus penetrans (Cobb) Filipjev and Sch.-Stek.) under growth-room facilities. Six hundred plants of the cultivar Vernal were inoculated with root-lesion nematodes. Counts were made 13–14 wk later of the number of nematodes g−1 root. Selections were made for relatively low counts (resistant) and high counts (susceptible). Selections were self-pollinated, and the S1 progeny of nine plants (five resistant and four susceptible) were evaluated. The S1 progenies from both types of selections had similar counts. The S2 progenies of resistant S1 parents, however, had lower counts than those of susceptible parents. The F1 crosses generally reacted as expected on the basis of the S2 parents. Results of this study suggest that progress can be made in breeding for resistance to the root-lesion nematode in alfalfa.Key words: Nematode, Pratylenchus penetrans, alfalfa, selection

EFFECT OF NEMATICIDES ON ROOT LESION NEMATODES AND FORAGE LEGUME YIELDS

1970 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 577-581 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. S. THOMPSON ◽  
C. B. WILLIS
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Birdsfoot Trefoil ◽  
Forage Legume ◽  
Root Lesion Nematode ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Lesion Nematodes ◽  
Lesion Nematode ◽  
Root Lesion Nematodes

A field study was made on the effectiveness of seven nematicides in reducing root lesion nematode (Pratylenchus spp.) numbers in soil and roots of alfalfa, red clover, and birdsfoot trefoil. Each of the nematicides significantly reduced the number of nematodes recovered from soil 2 and 14 months after seeding, and from roots 4 and 16 months after seeding. Nematicide treatments significantly increased first cut (August) yields of red clover, alfalfa, and birdsfoot trefoil in the seeding year by 55, 28, and 47%, respectively. Total yields for the seeding year were increased by 22, 22, and 40%, respectively. Sixteen months after seeding, significantly more nematodes were recovered from birdsfoot trefoil roots than from red clover, and more from red clover than from alfalfa. The recovery of Fusarium spp. from rootlets 4 months after seeding was not affected by nematicide treatments; however, Fusarium spp. were recovered less frequently from birdsfoot trefoil than from red clover or alfalfa rootlets.

scholarly journals Invasion and reproduction of Pratylenchus penetrans in birdsfoot trefoil cultivars

2005 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 179-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Kimpinski ◽  
Y.A. Papadopoulos ◽  
B.R. Christie ◽  
K.B. McRae ◽  
C.E. Gallant
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Lotus Corniculatus ◽  
Birdsfoot Trefoil ◽  
Pratylenchus Penetrans ◽  
Root Lesion Nematode ◽  
Population Densities ◽  
Lesion Nematodes ◽  
Lesion Nematode ◽  
Root Lesion Nematodes ◽  
Screening Trial

Greenhouse trials were conducted to determine the levels of invasion of birdsfoot trefoil(Lotus corniculatus) cultivars and lines by the root-lesion nematode (Pratylenchuspenetrans). Numbersof nematodesin roots grown in 50-cm3 polystyrene starter pots were determined 6 weeks after planting. Nematodes were detected in the roots of all cultivars and lines, though the degree of invasion varied significantly. In the first screening trial, carried out in 1994 on 23 cultivars and lines, NB90-104, Upstart, and Viking harbored the lowest population densities of nematodes with levels below 1 000 g-1 of dry root, while Fergus and EPF had population densities over 30 000 g-1 of dry root. In the second screening trial conducted in 1995, all nine cultivars and lines tested, including NB90-104, Upstart, and Viking, had nematode levels greater than 7 900 g-1 of dry root. The results indicated that the cultivars and lines tested in this study exhibited wide genetic variability for invasion by root-lesion nematodes.

scholarly journals A note on the occurrence of root lesion nematodes under native sand-prairie plant species in the Regional Municipality of Haldimand-Norfolk, Ontario

2005 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 139-142
Author(s):  
A.W. McKeown ◽  
J.W. Potter ◽  
M.E. Gartshore ◽  
P. Carson
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Cover Crops ◽  
Cover Crop ◽  
Parasitic Nematode ◽  
Pratylenchus Penetrans ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Lesion Nematodes ◽  
Lesion Nematode ◽  
Root Lesion Nematodes ◽  
Prairie Plant

The root lesion nematode Pratylenchus penetrans, which is the most important plant-parasitic nematode in southern Ontario, has an extremely wide host range. Because of the need to suppress lesion nematodes with cover-crop species which are poor or non-hosts of this parasite, a number of native sand-prairie species were evaluated for susceptibility. Eleven plant species belonging to the families Asclepiadaceae, Asteraceae, Poaceae and Fabaceae were determined to support very low numbers of P. penetrans and consequently to have potential as beneficial cover-crops.

Growth of `Bartlett' Pear Seedlings in Response to Number of Root-lesion Nematodes and Temperature

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 318-320
Author(s):  
J.L. Townshend
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Pyrus Communis ◽  
Leaf Number ◽  
Pratylenchus Penetrans ◽  
Leaf Production ◽  
Lesion Nematodes ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
Root Lesion Nematodes

The effects of temperature and root-lesion nematodes [Pratylenchus penetrans (Cobb)] on the growth of newly germinated `Bartlett' pear seedlings (Pyrus communis L.) were examined. At five temperatures from 10 to 30C, P. penetrans (five per gram of soil) did not purple the leaves. After 8 weeks, leaf number, trunk height, and top and root weights were reduced only at 25C. The number of P. penetrans in the roots were greatest at 15 and 20C. At 20C, P. penetrans (16 per gram of soil) caused the leaves of seedlings to turn purple, and, by 6 weeks after treatment, the nematodes had reduced leaf production, trunk elongation, and top and root growth.

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