scholarly journals CONTRIBUTION OF CEFTA AGREEMENT TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF CEFTA ECONOMIES // DOPRINOS „CEFTA“ SPORAZUMA RAZVOJU EKONOMIJA DRŽAVA ČLANICA

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanel Jakupović ◽  
Milanka Aleksić ◽  
Vesna Novaković
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Equal Treatment ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Full Membership ◽  
Member States ◽  
Positive Direct ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu

Implementation of the “CEFTA 2006” agreement lasts for ten years, and in order to make explicit the importance of the agreement it should be presented base contribute to the economy of the Member States. Through this work it will be shown the contribution agreement for economic activities in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The main contribution is increasing in trade among the member countries of the agreement and preparing for full membership in the EU, also adapting to the standards and conditions in the EU market. This statement is characteristic also and for Bosnia and Herzegovina. With the application of other trade agreements the basic goal of Bosnia and Herzegovina trough implementation of CEFTA 2006 is to extent adequate preparation for accession to full membership of the European Union. This agreement is an agreement on free trade in industrial goods and most agricultural goods between member states, the agreement defines the equal treatment of domestic and foreign investors, as well as the openness of public procurement markets. Certain studies prove positive direct and indirect effects of CEFTA Agreement on economic growth, the objective of the study is to confirm the link between the services and the productivity of the manufacturing companies that rely on the services sector as an input product. This paper will indicate the impact of the agreement on the economic development in Bosnia and Herzegovina, in terms of trade relations with member states of the European Union and member countries of the CEFTA agreement. Since CEFTA acting as a preparation for membership of the European Union, countries that have signed the agreement on the EU full membership withdrawn from the CEFTA, which is also the main goal of Bosnia and Herzegovina.

scholarly journals The EU Integration Process and its Role in the Albanian Sociopolitical Transformation

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-50
Author(s):  
Juliana Gjinko
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Intermediate Phase ◽  
Communist Country ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Integration Process ◽  
Full Membership ◽  
The Road ◽  
Eu Integration ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu

Nearly thirty years after the fall of communism in Albania, European integration has been the main driving force for change and the real catalyst for reform. Today, a vast majority of Albanians continue to be convinced that the only way to develop, modernize and guarantee security is a full integration into the European family. The problem is not simply the duration of such an intermediate phase between obtaining candidate status and a full membership of the European Union. In fact, Albanians themselves are increasingly aware that the road to full membership of the European Union will be long, and that it will require a series of major and profound changes in the country, especially in the areas of the rule of law and functioning of institutions, along with implementing various standards that a society must meet in order to achieve this goal. The aim of this paper is to analyze Albanian use and abuse of the EU integration process in internal political discourse, reforms and transformation. A number of documents, publications and public speeches are examined in order to evaluate the impact of integration in this small, developing, post-communist country.

scholarly journals FORMATION OF THE MODERN CONCEPT OF EUROPE IN THE CONTEXT OF SOCIAL NEO-INSTITUTIONALISM

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 221
Author(s):  
Andrii Falkovskyi ◽  
Olga Dzhezhik
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Future Development ◽  
Scientific Discourse ◽  
Modern Concept ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
Modern Europe ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu

In the scientific discourse of the XXI century, the concept of modern Europe is being reformed under the influence of reforming the activities of the European Union. Scientific publications and research are conducted based on a study of the policies of the European Union countries, EU institutions and structural elements, and the problems that arise in the process of activity and development. The concept of modern Europe is a general term that embraces European values, the European standard of living, European policy, and European priorities, giving the concept of European studies a stable association with the European Union. In this context, the main causes and consequences for the scientific discourse, political practice, and future development of European countries must be considered. Neoinstitutionalists have attempted to analyse institutions based on atomistic methodology. Institutional transformations, processes of intra-European integration and enlargement of the EU, discussions on membership and exit from the EU raise issues of identity and development of governance in Europe. Europeanisation can be seen as a discourse, governance, and institutionalisation. The first interpretation emphasizes that modern Europe is a discourse, not only ideological but also administrative. In this sense, Europeanisation can be a means of expression of institutional globalization through domestic policy. In the article, the hypothesis is put forward and proved that the interpretation of the concept of modern Europe directly correlates with the future development of the European Union and its members. The dissemination of exclusive practices will help to spread the ideas of radical “Eurosceptics”, which could lead to the collapse of the European Union. The inclusive aspect of the concept of Europe is represented by the ideas of “Europeists” who, based on the common history, culture, mentality of the peoples of Europe, substantiate the positive influence on the state development of integration, non-state cooperation, and extrapolation of EU norms and principles into the new territories of Europe. There are three main reasons for shaping the concept of Europe as the boundaries of EU policy: The consolidation of political positions of the European Union and its growing role as an actor in world politics; Essence of the EU enlargement concepts; Features of development within the European community. The modern concept of Europe is considered in the context of a modern multi-level governance model. Therefore, Europeanisation is the interaction of different layers of interests, including structures of regional, multi-level governance, legitimacy of domestic and foreign policy. The impact of the multi-level governance system on the functioning of public administration systems in the Member States and neighbouring countries is considered. Four approaches are identified based on the analysis of relationships between different levels of governance. The necessity of formulating new theoretical paradigms defining the relations between the Member States and the technocratic institutions of the EU, as well as between the Europeanised system of national agencies and the ministries overseeing their activities, has been proved.

Higher Education Policy in the European Union

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorota Dakowska
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
European Union ◽  
European Commission ◽  
Higher Education Policy ◽  
Vocational Training ◽  
Bologna Process ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu

Whether higher education (HE) can be defined as a European Union (EU) policy has been matter of debate. Formally, education is still a domestic prerogative, and in principle, the EU can only support and supplement national governments’ initiatives in the sector. Yet, this official division of tasks has been challenged in many ways over the last decades. First, the history of European integration shows that the European community took an early interest in educational matters. The Treaty of Rome established a community competency on vocational training. Subsequently, the European Commission framed HE and vocational training as two entangled policies. Second, the EU institutions, the member states, and noninstitutional actors have coordinated in innovative ways, through soft governance processes promoted by the Bologna Process and the EU Lisbon—and later Europe 2020—strategy, to impose a European HE governance based on standards and comparison. Third, the study of HE requires going beyond an EU-centric perspective, with international organizations such as the OECD and the Council of Europe cooperating closely with the European Commission. HE has been increasingly shaped by global trends, such as the increased competition between universities. The mechanisms of European HE policy change have elicited academic debates. Three main explanations have been put forward: the power of instruments and standards, the impact of the Commission’s funding schemes, and the influence of interconnected experts, stakeholders and networks. Domestic translations of European recommendations are highly diverse and reveal a gap between formal adaptations and local practices. Twenty years after the Bologna declaration, the European Higher Education Area (EHEA) presents a mixed picture. On the one hand, increased mobility and the growing interconnectedness of academic schemes facilitate the launch of ambitious projects such as the “European universities.” On the other hand, concerns are periodically raised about the growing bureaucratization of the process and the widening gap between the small world of the Brussels stakeholders and everyday academic practices in EHEA participant countries. Paradoxically, smaller and non-EU countries have been more actively involved in advancing the EHEA than large, older EU member states.

Part II The Treaty-Makers, 6 Who Can Make Treaties? The European Union

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cremona Marise
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Eu Law ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
International Treaty ◽  
Multilateral Agreements ◽  
International Responsibility ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mixed Agreements ◽  
The Eu

This chapter examines the EU’s robust and complex treaty-making. The first section deals with the EU’s treaty-making capacity from the perspective of EU law, and then of international treaty practice. It examines the ways in which international treaty-making practice has accommodated EU participation in bilateral and in multilateral agreements. The second section discusses the legal effects of treaties concluded by the EU, first as regards the EU legal order, including their enforcement and interpretation by the Court of Justice of the European Union and the legal effects of mixed agreements. A discussion of the impact of EU treaty-making on the powers of the Member States follows: through the doctrines of exclusivity and pre-emption, the impact of EU law on treaties concluded by the Member States, and finally EU treaty-making from the perspective of international responsibility.

The Member States of the European Union

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Member State ◽  
Individual Member ◽  
Domestic Institutions ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
State Relations ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu

The Member States of the European Union combines a study of individual member states with an examination of the broader process of Europeanization. Examining both sides of this crucial relationship, this text provides a useful guide to EU member state relations. This third edition has been updated to summer 2019 and includes chapters on eight member states from different geographical regions and dates of accession. These are followed by seven thematic chapters on the Europeanization of structures, actors, and processes within the pre-Brexit EU 28. The Member States of the European Union helps understanding the influence of Member States in the EU but also the impact the EU has on the domestic institutions, politics, and policies of each member state.

scholarly journals Impact of Brexit on voting power in Council of the European Union

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 192-197
Author(s):  
Jakub Gábor
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Public Discourse ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
Voting Power ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu

AbstractThe United Kingdom has left the European Union on 31 January 2020. Discussions that preceded such a move were conducted in three dimensions: they pertained a post-Brexit relationship between the UK and EU, future conduct within the UK and the one within the EU. Whilst public discourse has been dominated by the first two, this paper approaches the third one – on how Brexit has affected relationships between remaining 27 EU Member States. Stemming from the calculation of Banzhaf indices, it assesses the impact of Brexit on the voting power of remaining Member States in the Council of the EU – arguably the most important body within the EU institutional architecture – and identifies which countries are going to record the most significant gains and losses in this respect.

scholarly journals EU Integration in the (Post)-Migrant-Crisis Context: Learning New Integration Modes?

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 306-324
Author(s):  
Iryna Kushnir ◽  
Majella Kilkey ◽  
Francesca Strumia
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Policy Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
Context Learning ◽  
Eu Integration ◽  
Elite Interviews ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu

This article explores the integration of the European Union (EU) as an institution after the 2015–2016 migrant crisis. Qualitative data from elite interviews in Brussels and policy analysis, in the framework of a bigger project about the impact of the migrant crisis on European integration, highlight EU learning about new integration modes as a key theme following the crisis. The article focuses on this theme and argues that EU integration has been happening through intensive learning after the migrant crisis, whereby the EU has been exploring a combination of certain integration modes: shaping the relationships with candidate countries by restraining from enlargement; shaping the relationships with (prospectively) exiting Member States by considering fuzziness at the borders; and exploring differentiation among the existing Member States, possibly through promoting a two-tier EU, instead of universal deepening. A key contribution lies in applying the notion ‘learning’ to understanding EU integration modes specifically after the migrant crisis.

Conclusion

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Bulmer ◽  
Christian Lequesne
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu

This chapter focuses on the current applicant states and examines the ways in which the Europeanization literature can be applied to candidates. It first considers the impact of enlargement upon the functioning of the European Union before discussing the attractiveness of the EU for the European states. It then assesses the impact of the EU on countries applying for membership and the implications of future enlargements for the role of member states within the EU institutions. It also explains how new enlargements will affect the role of institutional and policy differentiation in the EU and concludes with an analysis of the influence of the EU on countries that are Europeanized but not member states.

scholarly journals The impact of securities regulation in the European Union on M&A: Does it compensate to go beyond borders?

2022 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita Monteiro ◽  
Sónia Silva
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Investor Protection ◽  
Equal Treatment ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Eu Directive ◽  
Takeover Bids ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu

Purpose The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of the transposition of the EU directive that regulates M&As on cross-border deals. Acquirers of targets located in the European Union (EU) must comply not only with takeover rules set individually by member states but also with European Council Directives. The most significant of these Directives in the context of mergers and acquisitions (M&As) is the Takeover Bids Directive (TBD). The intent of the Directive is to ensure equal treatment for all companies launching takeover bids or that are subject to a change in control, providing minimum harmonization rules in view of creating a transparent environment for cross-border takeovers. Design/methodology/approach This study uses the event-study and difference-in-differences approaches. Findings Using a sample of 2,129 M&As conducted between 2000 and 2015, this paper finds positive acquisition synergy for acquirers targeting firms from countries with stronger investor protection rules compared to the average of the EU, but no evidence regarding cross-border deals. The results support the prediction that regulation makes countries diverge more depending on their ex ante level of investor protection. Originality/value This study examines the impact of the enactment of the TBD on announcement returns of M&As in the EU.

scholarly journals Changes in the standard of living of chosen countries that joined the European Union after 2004

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (4 (48)) ◽  
pp. 1295-1307
Author(s):  
Mateusz MUSIAŁ
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
Standard Of Living ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eu Policies ◽  
Taxonomic Methods ◽  
Level Of Living ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu

Abstract: The article is devoted to the issue of changes in standard of living, which were noted in the Member States that joined the EU structures after 2004. An attempt was made to capture the impact of EU policies on the level of living standards in the Member States. The time taken in the study covers the years 2004-2014. The year of the largest enlargement in EU history was adopted as the beginning of the period. The study used taxonomic methods, in particular the Hellwig development index.

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