scholarly journals Homelessness and neglect: on the nature of the phenomena and the correlation between legal terms

2020 ◽  
pp. 9-19
Author(s):  
Elena Aleksandrovna Suponina ◽  
Evgeniya Valerievna Gerasimova
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Parental Care ◽  
Child Protection ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Research Subject ◽  
Medical Assistance ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Child Protection Services ◽  
Scientific Cognition ◽  
Approaches To Study

The authors of the article carry out the normative and doctrinal analysis of the terms “homelessness” and “neglect”, and identify the reasons and conditions of these antisocial phenomena in Russian society.  The research object is the legal and pedagogical aspects of the process of prevention of neglect and homelessness of minors and the activities of public authorities both in Russia and abroad. The research subject is the terms “homelessness” and “neglect” as legal terms. Special attention is given to the reasons of homelessness and neglect of juveniles, in the first place, biological and social orphanage. The research is based on the dialectical, formal-logical (dogmatical), historical-legal, systems, linguistic and some other methods of scientific cognition. The priority methods were the sociological and formal-legal methods and the method of comparative jurisprudence. The scientific novelty of the research consists in the fact that based on the analysis of legal and essential roots of the two phenomena, the authors conclude that despite being formalized, they require fundamental review of the approaches to study and identification. It is necessary to transform the understanding of the model of juvenile behaviour which is connected with the recently changed basic scientific approaches in pedagogical psychology and social pedagogics. Taking into account the size of the problem of orphanage, the authors suggest aiming public social politics not only at the protection of rights of orphans and their adoption, but also at avoiding the cases of deprivation of parental care. The most active instrument in this context is the prevention of social orphanage by the child protection services which includes pedagogical, psychological, legal, social, educational and medical assistance to families with and without family disadvantages risk factors.   

scholarly journals Earlier Contact with Child Protection Services Among Children of Parents With Criminal Convictions and Mental Disorders

2020 ◽  
pp. 107755952093520
Author(s):  
Tyson Whitten ◽  
Kimberlie Dean ◽  
Rebecca Li ◽  
Kristin R. Laurens ◽  
Felicity Harris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Child Protection ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Independent Effect ◽  
Parental History ◽  
Child Protection Services ◽  
Criminal Convictions ◽  
Mental Disorder Diagnosis

Parental history of offending and/or mental illness are risk factors for child maltreatment. However, limited research has directly contrasted the role of maternal versus paternal criminal offending or mental health problems in contributing to earlier contact with the child protection system. In this study we examined the relative contributions of these risk factors in relation to the time to the offspring’s first report to child protection services, or first placement in out of home care (OOHC), using administrative records for a population sample of 71,661 children. Prior paternal offending had a greater independent effect on time to the offspring’s first contact with child protection services (HR = 2.27 [95% CI = 2.14-2.40]) than maternal offending (HR = 1.75 [95% CI = 1.63 -1.87]) or maternal mental disorder diagnosis (HR = 1.66 [95% CI = 1.57 -1.77]). By contrast, prior maternal offending (HR = 2.58 [95% CI = 2.26-2.95]) and mental disorder diagnosis (HR = 2.33 [95% CI = 2.05-2.63]) had a greater effect on earlier placement in OOHC, relative to prior paternal offending (HR = 1.59 [95% CI = 1.35 -1.88]) and mental disorder diagnosis (HR = 1.06 [95% CI = 0.94 -1.19]). These findings demonstrate the potential benefits of coordinated government responses across multiple agencies to identify vulnerable children and families who might benefit from early interventions or support services.

scholarly journals THE OVER-REPRESENTATION OF CHILDREN IN CARE IN THE YOUTH CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM IN BRITISH COLUMBIA: THEORY AND POLICY ISSUES

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (1/2) ◽  
pp. 99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ray Corrado ◽  
Lauren Freedman ◽  
Catherine Blatier
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
British Columbia ◽  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Child Protection ◽  
Antisocial Behaviour ◽  
Risk Profiles ◽  
Criminal Justice Involvement ◽  
Child Protection Services ◽  
Criminal Justice Systems ◽  
Children In Care

<span style="font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;">Placement in child protection services, or becoming a child in care, is associated with a disproportionate involvement in youth and adult criminal justice systems. While there is not extensive research on this relationship, there is evidence that many children in care have risk profiles consistent with criminal justice involvement. This article provides an overview of the prevalence of exposure to risk factors related to mental health, education, and antisocial behaviour among children in care, in addition to risk factors that are distinctive to those placed in child protection services. A recent large cohort dataset from British Columbia, Canada, is utilized to examine these risk profiles. Recommendations to identify those involved in child protection services most at risk for criminal justice involvement, with the use of risk management instruments such as the Cracow Instrument, are discussed. In addition, several other important policy themes regarding diagnostic and case management challenges are explored.</span>

Child, Family, and Case Characteristics Associated With Reentry Into Out-of-Home Care Among Children and Youth Involved With Child Protection Services

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 162-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samantha M. Brown ◽  
Rebecca Orsi ◽  
Pang Ching Bobby Chen
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Home Care ◽  
Child Protection ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Children And Youth ◽  
Prior History ◽  
Child Protection Services ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Out Of Home Care ◽  
Case Characteristics

Many children and youth with child protection services (CPS) involvement enter out-of-home care. The aims of this study were to examine rates of reentry and risk factors associated with reentry into out-of-home care among children and youth involved in the child protection (reported for abuse/neglect) and youth-in-conflict (reported for behavioral issues) programs. This study used administrative data from Colorado’s Statewide Automated Child Welfare Information System, which contains information on all children and youth who enter Colorado’s CPS. Of the 14,461 children and youth in the child protection program and 2,353 children and youth in the youth-in-conflict program, 14.7% and 35.1%, respectively, reentered into out-of-home care. Families’ prior history of CPS involvement and current CPS case characteristics better explained reentry into out-of-home care than child and family demographic characteristics alone. Understanding risk factors associated with reentry into out-of-home care is critical to inform the prevention of child maltreatment recurrence and ensure the safety, permanency, and well-being of children and youth.

scholarly journals Protection of Children in Difficulty in China during the COVID-19 Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 279
Author(s):  
Fang Zhao ◽  
Ning Zhu ◽  
Juha Hämäläinen
Keyword(s):  
Child Protection ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Protection System ◽  
Political Awareness ◽  
Child Protection Services ◽  
The Media ◽  
Professional Systems ◽  
Depth Interviews

This study investigated the resilience of the Chinese child protection system in responding to the special needs of children in difficulty under the specific circumstances caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. This study applied qualitative document analysis of child protection administrative documents, in-depth interviews with 13 child protection professionals, and an in-depth case study of 14 children living in difficulty, complemented by relevant information available in the media. The results indicate that there are good policies in China’s child protection services but the organizational and functional fragmentation complicates implementation, suggesting a need for the development of bottom-up practices. The essential conclusion supported by these results is that the child protection system should be regarded and developed as a systematic project combining the legal, policymaking, and professional systems of child welfare services as well as governmental and non-governmental forces. As the COVID-19 pandemic has raised awareness of the need to develop the field of child protection holistically as an integrated system in terms of social sustainability in China, an international literature-based comparison indicates that the pandemic has also raised similar political awareness in other countries.

scholarly journals ‘Rising demand and decreasing resources’: Theorising the ‘cost of austerity’ as a barrier to social worker discretion

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
CIARÁN MURPHY
Keyword(s):  
Social Worker ◽  
Child Protection ◽  
Child Protection Services ◽  
Radical Reform ◽  
Critical Realist ◽  
Documentary Analysis ◽  
Effective System ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Cost

Abstract The Munro Review of Child Protection asserted that the English child protection system had become overly ‘defensive’, ‘bureaucratised’ and ‘standardised’, meaning that social workers were not employing their discretion in the interests of the individual child. This paper reports on the results of an ethnographic case study of one of England’s statutory child protection teams. The research sought to explore the extent of social worker discretion relative to Munro’s call for ‘radical reform’ and a move towards a more ‘child-centred’ system. Employing an iterative mixed methods design – encompassing documentary analysis, observation, focus group, questionnaire, interview and ‘Critical Realist Grounded Theory’ – the study positioned the UK Government’s prolonged policy of ‘austerity’ as a barrier to social worker discretion. This was because the policy was seen to be contributing to an increased demand for child protection services; and a related sense amongst practitioners that they were afforded insufficient time with the child to garner the requisite knowledge, necessary for discretionary behaviour. Ultimately, despite evidence of progress relative to assertions that social worker discretion had been eroded, the paper concludes that there may still be ‘more to do’ if we are to achieve the ‘child-centred’ and ‘effective’ system that Munro advocated.

The Prevalence of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Birth Parents in Child Protection Services: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 152483802110484
Author(s):  
Aino Suomi ◽  
Annalese Bolton ◽  
Dave Pasalich
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Child Protection ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Birth Parents ◽  
Child Protection Services ◽  
Post Traumatic

Background Birth parents of children in the statutory child protection system have disproportionally high rates of trauma exposure and mental health problems, however, little is known about the extent to which this population display symptoms of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) or Complex PTSD. This study provides a systematic review and meta-analysis of the PTSD rates in parent samples involved in the child protection services. Method Articles were identified by searching PSYCINFO, Medline, CINAHL, and PILOTS. The search included terminology pertaining to parents, trauma, and child protective services and we included all peer-reviewed articles that reported a valid measure of PTSD and child protection service involvement. Results Fifteen studies were included in the review with a combined prevalence estimate for PTSD based on 11 studies ( n = 4871) was 26.0% (95% CI 20.0–32.0%) for mothers, and estimate based on three studies ( n = 2606) was 13.0% (95% CI 7.0%–18.0%) for fathers and 23.0% (95% CI 17.0–29.0) for all parents based on 7848 responses. Four studies that did not report prevalence rates, reported sample mean scores for PTSD that were consistently higher than in general population. Factors associated with parents’ PTSD symptoms included mental health co-morbidities, victimization of physical and sexual violence, and perpetration of child abuse. Conclusion There are high rates of PTSD in parents involved in the protective system, thus more targeted efforts are needed to identify and adequately address trauma symptoms of parents as part of child protection interventions.

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