scholarly journals Specificity of the network model of innovation activity in biomedical sector in the context of protection of intellectual property

2021 ◽  
pp. 58-83
Author(s):  
Ksenia Michailovna Belikova
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Network Model ◽  
Open Innovation ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Scientific Progress ◽  
Business Strategies ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Dialectical Logic

This article aims to prove the working hypothesis, as well as determine and analyze the peculiarities of the network model of open innovation activity in biomedical sector in the context of protection of intellectual property in Russia and abroad, based on examination of the real projects implemented within the framework of this strategy by the organizations (for example, Structural Genomics Consortium) and companies (Bayer, AstraZeneca, FabRx, Biogen, Vertex Pharmaceuticals). The article employs the methods of induction and deduction, formal and dialectical logic for revealing the benefits of network cooperation and open innovation strategy, which substantiates the objective need for the business strategies, methods and mechanisms for the production and protection of scientific information and results of intellectual property in the context of development of new technologies (such, blockchain), which are discussed in the article. The relevance, theoretical and practical importance of the conducted research lie in the fact that the network “open” and traditional “closed” methods of production of the new scientific knowledge have their merits and flaws that may influence the scientific progress and innovation-driven growth. The experience of foreign institutes, scientific centers, and companies can be valuable in seeking the answers to the analogous questions associated with the development, substantiation, and recognition of collaborations based on the open innovations of the Russian Federation. The results acquired by the author are also reflected in the ideas that in the sphere of biotechnologies, the projects implemented in within the open innovations strategy may have different configurations (domestic and supranational), however pursuing a single goal –  to create a more effective specific therapy for various diseases, which would promote network collaboration, and by common consent, can be achieved via three vectors of research, while legal certainty and security can be ensured by blockchain technology.

SPECIFICS OF THE NETWORK MODEL OF INNOVATION IN PHARMACEUTICALS IN THE CONTEXT OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY PROTECTION

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 182-190
Author(s):  
KSENIA BELIKOVA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industry ◽  
Network Model ◽  
Open Innovation ◽  
Scientific Progress ◽  
Intellectual Property Protection ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Innovation Strategy ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Starting Point

This article is aimed at identifying and analyzing the specifics of the network model of innovation in the pharmaceutical industry in the context of intellectual property protection on the example of a number of foreign countries and Russia. The starting point of the research is the currently observed networking - the introduction of non-market communication, which is beginning to replace purely exchange, monetary regulators in the economy, law, and other spheres of society. The article examines the issue of acceptability (objective necessity) of applying (accepting) «open» innovations in the pharmaceutical industry and some facets of the influence of this trend in the field of law. Specific examples are used to discuss various forms of expression of the open innovation strategy practiced in the pharmaceutical industry and some of its prospects. At the same time, some aspects of the protection of intellectual property rights obtained during the implementation (realization) of the «open» innovation strategy in pharmaceutical sector are studied in the traditional and network (using blockchain technology) format. The relevance, theoretical and practical significance of such a research is due to the fact that both network «open» (innovative) and «closely-held» (traditional) methods of developing new scientific knowledge have their pros and cons, which can currently slow down or accelerate scientific progress and promote innovative growth. Foreign experience can be useful in finding answers to similar questions related to the development, justification and adoption of collaborations based on «open» innovations by our country, and the fact that this study serves to fill in the existing gap in the development of legal and other approaches of foreign countries in the field of modern research. The author's results, among other things, are presented in the fact that currently the protection of intellectual property from unauthorized use is still traditionally based on agreements, but can already be performed in a modern network way - using distributed ledger technology - blockchain, that reliability is due to hardware control over any changes in the protocols or information in the network, its copying, easiness of establishing and verifying its authorship, which increases the chances of successful development of the OI strategy.

Intellectual Property and ‘Open’ Innovation: A Synthesis of Concepts

2021 ◽  
pp. 714-745
Author(s):  
Jeremy de Beer
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Open Innovation ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Firm Strategy ◽  
Business Strategies ◽  
Strategic Choices ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Public ◽  
Managerial Strategies

This chapter addresses four interrelated issues: (1) the variability in ways openness is understood across groups and disciplines; (2) the debate over intellectual property (IP) and its impact on open innovation; (3) the dearth of research connecting firm strategy and innovation systems; and (4) the relationships among legal systems and managerial strategies. The result is an integrated conceptual synthesis for addressing the relationship between IP and ‘open’ innovation. The chapter beings with a review of the relevant literature and distillation of key concepts. It then expands on the basic theory of appropriation for innovation by describing three nuanced IP-based business strategies to appropriate returns on innovation: acquisition toward commercialization, free revealing to the public domain, and open licensing for collaboration. The strategic choices that firms make are further analysed as either offensive or defensive decisions. After linking key terminology and IP management strategies, the chapter concludes with recommendations for researchers, policy-makers, lawyers, managers, economists, and others. The synthesis in this chapter will enable researchers to: (1) understand and use precise terminology; (2) revisit assumptions about appropriation; (3) neutralize marketplace framework policies; and (4) promote more collaboration.

scholarly journals ON THE POSSIBLITY OF CLASSIFYING WORKS CREATED BY ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AS INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY OBJECTS

2019 ◽  
pp. 54-58
Author(s):  
M.S. Utkina
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Intellectual Property ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
System Development ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Scientific Progress ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Individual Subject ◽  
Legal Personality ◽  
Author Keywords

The rapid information system development leads to the emergence of completely new technologies. For solutions to issues related to artificial intelligence, experts in various fields of research are making great efforts. This is due to the fact that in the next 50 years, according to scientists, the achievements in the field of artificial intelligence will almost completely replace people and will perform most of the work that they are currently doing. At the same time, according to the fact of the rapid development of innovation and intellectual spheres, it should be noted that artificial intelligence could fundamentally affect the fundamental concepts of their development. At present, we observe that artificial intelligence can be used not only for scientific purposes but also directly for the creation of new objects, works. However, there is no unanimity as to whether or not such work will belong to intellectual property. In the article, it was identified that there is an urgent need for the active development of information technology, regulatory support, and legal regulation of issues related to artificial intelligence. It also was analyzed the provisions for quality new digital authorship, according to which artificial intelligence will independently create works that will be identical and will not be different from the works of the author. It is suggested to consider two key approaches to the works and to divide them into two categories: works created directly by artificial intelligence and work created using (using) artificial intelligence and having fundamentally different provisions. In the article, it was also discussed the term “electronic person”. It will have a legal personality which will give an opportunity to determine it as an individual subject of legal relation – in the given case – author. Keywords: author, intellectual property, scientific progress, intellectual property object, artificial intelligence.

The implementation of test control methods for the improvement of the quality content of high education in medical higher educational institution

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 357-360
Author(s):  
S. A. Kolodii ◽  
Yu. V. Kordon ◽  
O. A. Nazarchuk ◽  
N.I. Osadchuk
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Cognitive Activity ◽  
Pedagogical Training ◽  
Highly Skilled ◽  
Medical University ◽  
Independent Work ◽  
Test Control

The integration of Ukrainian system of Higher education into the European one accompanies by a transformation processes. The main goal of Higher school in our country is to prepare competitive specialists. The pedagogues of medical universities implement modern educational technologies with the use of analytically-searching work and scientific information. The implementation of new technologies of teaching is the important task of modernization of pedagogical system of mastering highly skilled specialists. The aim — to ground the implementation of test control for the estimation of quality of knowledge of future doctors. Gaining knowledge in microbiology is very necessary for future doctors to understand the principals of diagnostics and struggling infectious diseases. Knowledge in microbiology is basis for better understanding of clinical disciplines, as it assists logical perception of clinical data, influences on the forming clinical thought without which it is impossible to become a highly skilled specialist. The implementation of modern methods of studies, control, providing the increase of creative activity of students, forming and developing in them professional thought is one of the effective way of the improvement of quality of pedagogical training of highly skilled doctors. The experience of applying of the test control of knowledge in students in the medical university at classes of Microbiology, Virology and Immunology has been presented in the manuscript. The use of different types of test control has been proved to be one of the effective methods for determining the level of knowledge among students. Test control promotes the activation of cognitive activity, forms students’ skills of independent work, develops their logical thinking. Test control of obtained knowledge should be used in conjunction with other methods of studying the subject. The analysis of the results of the writing of the KROK-1 qualification exam by the students of the stomatological department has been conducted. The use of different methods of estimation of control of knowledge is necessary for its improvement. The study of microbiology is the important base of forming fundamental knowledge in students. Therefore, test control in a complex with other pedagogical methods can be used as one of the important and optimal methods to improve estimation of the basic level of students’ knowledge.

scholarly journals Open Intellectual Property Models for Plant Innovations in the Context of New Breeding Technologies

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1218
Author(s):  
Michael A. Kock
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Open Innovation ◽  
Climate Resilience ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Mitigate Climate Change ◽  
New Breeding Technologies

Plant related innovations are critical to enable of food security and mitigate climate change. New breeding technologies (NBTs) based on emerging genome editing technologies like CRISPR/Cas will facilitate “breeding-by-editing” and enable complex breeding targets—like climate resilience or water use efficiency—in shorter time and at lower costs. However, NBTs will also lead to an unprecedented patent complexity. This paper discusses implications and potential solutions for open innovation models.

scholarly journals Sensitive Men and Hardy Women: How Do Millennials, Xennials and Gen X Manage to Work from Home?

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 106
Author(s):  
Agota Giedrė Raišienė ◽  
Violeta Rapuano ◽  
Kristina Varkulevičiūtė
Keyword(s):  
Resource Management ◽  
Human Resource Management ◽  
Human Resource ◽  
Older Workers ◽  
Open Innovation ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Practical Implication ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Employee Motivation ◽  
Work From Home

Despite the huge number of studies on telework in 2020, the influence of socio-demographic characteristics of workers on their attitudes towards telework continues to raise questions. Researchers agree on some aspects, such as younger individuals being better at absorbing new technologies. However, given that not only those who wanted to but also those who were obliged to switched to teleworking, it appears that younger people may not be as effective at working remotely as previously thought. The relevance of our study is based on the contradictory findings of research conducted during the pandemic. With this article, we contribute to the accumulation of knowledge about the change that takes place in telework. The paper aims to examine the relationship between socio-demographic indicators and the evaluation of telework. Our study confirms that the gender and age of employees are important factors in an employee’s attitude to telecommuting. Mostly, the attitudes vary in terms of gender. At least in the case of Lithuania where the research was conducted, Millennial men, unlike other generations and significantly more than Millennial women, see personal career development problems working remotely. Meanwhile, older generations do not declare greater dissatisfaction working remotely, although they do not express much favour for this approach. The results of the study indicate that in the circumstances created by the pandemic, organizations should update their human resource management strategies to achieve employee work efficiency and maintain employee motivation. The practical implication of our study in terms of open innovation is that in the future, the development of virtual working relationships will need to focus not on the technological training of older workers but on the specific provision of feedback to younger workers. In this regard, our insights may be useful for leaders in human resource management and open innovation teams.

scholarly journals Eco-Innovation, Sustainability and Business Model Innovation by Open Innovation Dynamics

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 149
Author(s):  
Magdalena Pichlak ◽  
Adam R. Szromek
Keyword(s):  
Open Innovation ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Business Leaders ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Supply Chain Collaboration ◽  
Sustainable Business ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
Innovation Dynamics ◽  
New Business

The paper aims to analyze the environmental aspects of innovation activity undertaken by companies and, in particular, to assess sustainable business leaders’ propensity to generate eco-innovation. The research described in the paper was descriptive and, to some extent, diagnostic. It was based on a non-random sample and was conducted—using the Computer Assisted Telephone Interview (CATI) method—in 2019 among 54 of the most eco-innovative Polish companies. The results of the research indicate that they are more likely to generate radical rather than incremental changes. Moreover, the most eco-innovative companies are those developing technologies for biodiversity protection. The results further indicate that companies with more than 50 employees have a higher propensity to develop incremental and radical eco-innovation than smaller firms with relatively fewer resources. Finally, this study shows that adopting an open innovation strategy strengthens the propensity to generate eco-innovation, especially radical ones. Moreover, developing such changes is dominated by the adoption of strategic and operational forward supply chain collaboration, involving the absorption of knowledge and information streaming directly from the market. The results can provide a frame for developing new business models incorporating collaboration in eco-innovation activities, especially in the situation of a post-pandemic recovery of the economy.

The management of Intellectual Property in the Technology License Office in an Open Innovation environment: The context of a Scientific and Technological Institution in Brazil

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herlandf de Souza Andrade ◽  
Ligia Maria Soto Urbina ◽  
Jeffeson Gomes ◽  
Andrea de Oliveira Netto Follador ◽  
Vanessa Cristhina Gatto Chimendes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Open Innovation ◽  
Technology License ◽  
Technological Institution
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