Intellectual Property and ‘Open’ Innovation: A Synthesis of Concepts

2021 ◽  
pp. 714-745
Author(s):  
Jeremy de Beer
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Open Innovation ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Firm Strategy ◽  
Business Strategies ◽  
Strategic Choices ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Public ◽  
Managerial Strategies

This chapter addresses four interrelated issues: (1) the variability in ways openness is understood across groups and disciplines; (2) the debate over intellectual property (IP) and its impact on open innovation; (3) the dearth of research connecting firm strategy and innovation systems; and (4) the relationships among legal systems and managerial strategies. The result is an integrated conceptual synthesis for addressing the relationship between IP and ‘open’ innovation. The chapter beings with a review of the relevant literature and distillation of key concepts. It then expands on the basic theory of appropriation for innovation by describing three nuanced IP-based business strategies to appropriate returns on innovation: acquisition toward commercialization, free revealing to the public domain, and open licensing for collaboration. The strategic choices that firms make are further analysed as either offensive or defensive decisions. After linking key terminology and IP management strategies, the chapter concludes with recommendations for researchers, policy-makers, lawyers, managers, economists, and others. The synthesis in this chapter will enable researchers to: (1) understand and use precise terminology; (2) revisit assumptions about appropriation; (3) neutralize marketplace framework policies; and (4) promote more collaboration.

scholarly journals Specificity of the network model of innovation activity in biomedical sector in the context of protection of intellectual property

2021 ◽  
pp. 58-83
Author(s):  
Ksenia Michailovna Belikova
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Network Model ◽  
Open Innovation ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Scientific Progress ◽  
Business Strategies ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Dialectical Logic

This article aims to prove the working hypothesis, as well as determine and analyze the peculiarities of the network model of open innovation activity in biomedical sector in the context of protection of intellectual property in Russia and abroad, based on examination of the real projects implemented within the framework of this strategy by the organizations (for example, Structural Genomics Consortium) and companies (Bayer, AstraZeneca, FabRx, Biogen, Vertex Pharmaceuticals). The article employs the methods of induction and deduction, formal and dialectical logic for revealing the benefits of network cooperation and open innovation strategy, which substantiates the objective need for the business strategies, methods and mechanisms for the production and protection of scientific information and results of intellectual property in the context of development of new technologies (such, blockchain), which are discussed in the article. The relevance, theoretical and practical importance of the conducted research lie in the fact that the network “open” and traditional “closed” methods of production of the new scientific knowledge have their merits and flaws that may influence the scientific progress and innovation-driven growth. The experience of foreign institutes, scientific centers, and companies can be valuable in seeking the answers to the analogous questions associated with the development, substantiation, and recognition of collaborations based on the open innovations of the Russian Federation. The results acquired by the author are also reflected in the ideas that in the sphere of biotechnologies, the projects implemented in within the open innovations strategy may have different configurations (domestic and supranational), however pursuing a single goal –  to create a more effective specific therapy for various diseases, which would promote network collaboration, and by common consent, can be achieved via three vectors of research, while legal certainty and security can be ensured by blockchain technology.

The exploitation of publicly funded research intellectual property in Malaysia

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 486-502
Author(s):  
Haswira Nor Mohamad Hashim ◽  
◽  
Muhamad Helmi Muhamad Khair ◽  
Anida Mahmood ◽  
Rohazar Wati Zuallcobley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Open Innovation ◽  
Public Universities ◽  
Innovation Strategy ◽  
Publicly Funded ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
The Public ◽  
Funded Research ◽  
Property System ◽  
Socio Economic Impact

This article reports a study that aims to formulate an outbound open innovation strategy for the exploitation of publicly funded research intellectual property in Malaysia. The outbound open innovation strategy is proposed due to the inability of the existing intellectual property commercialization strategy of Malaysian public universities to optimize the exploitation of publicly funded research intellectual property. The current strategy assumes that the best exploitation route is by way of commercialization to enable the public universities to monetize the publicly funded research intellectual property. This strategy creates a legal barrier since publicly funded research intellectual property is locked up behind proprietary rights and a rigid licensing regime. In contrast, outbound open innovation strategy allows publicly funded research intellectual property to be exploited through permissive licensing. This study employs a mixed-methods approach involving semi-structured interviews and survey questionnaires with technology licensing officers of Malaysian public universities. The output of this study is an outbound open innovation strategy which connects innovation to the intellectual property system and improves the socio-economic impact of publicly funded research intellectual property.

scholarly journals How Canadian Municipalities aren(n't) engaging the public in smart city initiatives

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsay Toth
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Digital Divide ◽  
Public Engagement ◽  
Open Innovation ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
The Public

The smart city concept is innovation in urbanism. Innovation is transformative, demanding the involvement of the public based on a belief that those who will be impacted by a decision have a right to be involved in the decision-making process. But smart city initiatives raise complex technical, privacy, economic, and intellectual property issues unlike those the public has been presented with before. This paper explores how Canadian municipalities are approaching this challenge by coding and analyzing applications to Infrastructure Canada’s Smart Cities Challenge (SCC). The analysis reveals, among other findings, that municipalities engaged citizens directly as well as their representatives, leveraged previously-conducted engagement and conducted new engagement, and employed a range of engagement activities online and offline. Recommendations to Infrastructure Canada and municipal planners highlight the need for more public input on the technology solutions proposed, increased attention to the digital divide during engagement, and citizen involvement in all stages of open innovation. Key words: Smart Cities Challenge, public engagement, open innovation

Research on Open Innovation in China

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhu Naixiao ◽  
Huang Chunhua
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Open Innovation ◽  
Strategic Choices ◽  
Healthy Development ◽  
Innovation Model

This paper concentrates on how to effectively protect and efficiently use intellectual property under an open innovation model in China. A variety of strategic choices of intellectual property use under an open innovation model are proposed to promote the healthy development of intellectual property operations of enterprises in China.

scholarly journals Intellectual property management in startups — problematic issues

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-74
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Baran ◽  
Asel Zhumabaeva
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Decisive Factor ◽  
Business Strategies ◽  
Property Management ◽  
Intellectual Property Management ◽  
Innovative Economy ◽  
Definition Of

Abstract This paper describes the most important problems related to the management of intellectual property in startups. Startups have become an inseparable element of the innovative economy. Many of these companies base their development on intellectual capital and innovations. In this context, it is extremely important to legally secure the innovations and protect intellectual property. These activities can often be the decisive factor in the development of startups. This article aims to identify, analyse and evaluate the most important issues related to the management of intellectual property in startups. The first part of this paper presents the performed literature review, which mainly concerns the definition of innovation, the state of entrepreneurship in Poland, and the definition of a startup. The second part of the article deals with the main problems related to the management of intellectual property in startups. It is divided into three issues: underestimating the importance of intellectual property, the lack of intellectual property management strategies in startups and financial challenges of startups. The main results of the research indicate that many startups still have low awareness of what is intellectual property and what can be the consequence of using exclusive rights of others. The protection of intellectual property should become one of the elements of business strategies. However, startups find that the creation of the strategy and its implementation is rather expensive.

Startups and open innovation: a review of the literature

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
John-Christopher Spender ◽  
Vincenzo Corvello ◽  
Michele Grimaldi ◽  
Pierluigi Rippa
Keyword(s):  
Open Innovation ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Policy Decision ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Knowledge Domain ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Content Type

Purpose Startup companies represent a powerful engine of open innovation (OI) processes. The purpose of this paper is to represent a first step in building a map of the state-of-the-art knowledge of the “startups in an OI context” phenomenon. Through the selection and analysis of relevant literature, this study aims at deepening our understanding of the theme and at providing directions for future research. Design/methodology/approach By using an explicit method for the review (Pittaway et al., 2004) the authors selected a set of papers, which cover the knowledge domain object of this study. In total, 41 articles about “startups and OI” have been selected and the full papers have been analysed. Findings The analysed literature has been synthesized in seven sub-topics, which have been evaluated as the most relevant in explaining the phenomenon of startups in relation to OI. Implications for research, for managers and for policy makers conclude the paper. Practical implications The review produced valuable knowledge for both managers and policy decision-makers. The paper allows a better understanding of the role of startups in OI processes. This improved understanding can help managers of large firms as well as policy makers involved in OI in making their decisions. Besides, implications of OI strategies for startup managers have been singled-out. Originality/value Startup companies are intrinsically open organizations, necessarily engaged in innovation processes. Research at the intersection between the themes of OI and startups is gaining momentum. This review of the literature represents the first attempt to organize the scientific knowledge related to the intersection between the startups and OI phenomena systematically.

scholarly journals How Canadian Municipalities aren(n't) engaging the public in smart city initiatives

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsay Toth
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Digital Divide ◽  
Public Engagement ◽  
Open Innovation ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
The Public

The smart city concept is innovation in urbanism. Innovation is transformative, demanding the involvement of the public based on a belief that those who will be impacted by a decision have a right to be involved in the decision-making process. But smart city initiatives raise complex technical, privacy, economic, and intellectual property issues unlike those the public has been presented with before. This paper explores how Canadian municipalities are approaching this challenge by coding and analyzing applications to Infrastructure Canada’s Smart Cities Challenge (SCC). The analysis reveals, among other findings, that municipalities engaged citizens directly as well as their representatives, leveraged previously-conducted engagement and conducted new engagement, and employed a range of engagement activities online and offline. Recommendations to Infrastructure Canada and municipal planners highlight the need for more public input on the technology solutions proposed, increased attention to the digital divide during engagement, and citizen involvement in all stages of open innovation. Key words: Smart Cities Challenge, public engagement, open innovation

scholarly journals An analysis of IP management strategies of ICT companies based on patent filings

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shabib-Ahmed Shaikh ◽  
Tarun Kumar Singhal
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Business Strategies ◽  
Public Disclosure ◽  
The World ◽  
Strategic Assets ◽  
New Entrants ◽  
Ict Companies ◽  
Ip Management

The number of patents being filed around the globe in the field of information andcommunication technologies is increasing each year. Patents are seen as strategic assets forcompanies as they provide a competitive advantage and at the same time ensure freedom tooperate and form a basis for new alliances. However, they can also be viewed as restrictions andmarket barriers for new entrants who need to build their own intellectual property rightsportfolio, which in turn would give them credibility in the market. There is a need, therefore, tolearn from the world leaders who have aligned their business strategies with intellectualproperty strategies and have succeeded. As no publication or public disclosure about intellectualproperty strategy has been made by any of the companies, the only way to understandintellectual property strategy is to look at patent filings, analyze them and, based on the trends,deduce strategy. This paper tries to identify the intellectual property strategies of five US andIndian IT companies by analyzing their patents.

The Impact of the Public Expenditure Cuts Policy on the Labor Market in Vietnam

2012 ◽  
pp. 22-46
Author(s):  
Huong Nguyen Thi Lan ◽  
Toan Pham Ngoc
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Computable General Equilibrium ◽  
Impact Evaluation ◽  
Public Expenditure ◽  
Computable General Equilibrium Model ◽  
Living Standard ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of public expenditure cuts on employment and income to support policies for the development of the labor mar- ket. Impact evaluation is of interest for policy makers as well as researchers. This paper presents a method – that is based on a Computable General Equilibrium model – to analyse the impact of the public expenditure cuts policy on employment and income in industries and occupations in Vietnam using macro data, the Input output table, 2006, 2008 and the 2010 Vietnam Household Living Standard Survey.

Penguatan Wilayah Perbatasan: Studi Kasus Pulau Sebatik Kabupaten Nunukan Provinsi Kalimantan Timur

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 110
Author(s):  
Baskoro Wicaksono
Keyword(s):  
Central Government ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Research Strategy ◽  
Management Policy ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Public ◽  
East Kalimantan ◽  
Border Policy

This study describes the border management policy conducted by the central government, provinceof East Kalimantan and Nunukan. Policies such as the establishment of regulatory, institutionalstrengthening, programs and infrastructure development. The policy is getting good responsefrom the elite and the masses. On the other hand policy makers have expectations of localcommunities border synergism Sebatik Island in order to build and develop the border areas so asto break the chain of dependence on Malaysia. The research was conducted in Sebatik Island,East Kalimantan province Nunukan with the formulation of the problem (a) what policies areoriented to maintain borders, (b) How is the public response to government policy, (c) What areyour expectations of policy makers in local communities to regional border. This study usedqualitative methods to phenomenological research strategy. Techniques of data collection in thisstudy using two ways, namely in-depth interviews and secondary data view Results indicate thatthe existing policy of both the central and provincial to district borders do not solve the problembecause it is made on the island of Sebatik with other border regions. The policy does not includelocal knowledge, where it is desperately needed by the people Sebatik. In addition to policies onprograms and infrastructure development of the center, the district adopted a policy of inactionagainst the illegal cross-border trade, which on the one hand against the rules but if enforced thenpeople can not perform economic activities that impact well-being. Policies like this gets a positiveresponse from the public. Expectations for the future border policy is to load local content orlocal knowledge.Keyword: border policy, local knowledge, dependent relationship

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