Faunistic deep-sea investigations in the Northwest Pacific have increased faunal knowledge at the edge of the changing Arctic Ocean

10.7287/peerj.preprints.26541 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Angelika Brandt ◽

Marina Malyutina ◽

Pedro Martinez

Keyword(s):

Arctic Ocean ◽

Deep Sea ◽

Sea Of Okhotsk ◽

Marine Ecosystem ◽

Japan Sea ◽

The Arctic ◽

Northwest Pacific ◽

The Sea Of Japan ◽

Species Invasions ◽

Pacific Area

In the past seven years, the biology of the bathyal, abyssal and hadal faunas of meio- macro-, and megabenthos of the northwestern (NW) Pacific have been intensively investigated by Russian and German partners. A total of four joint expeditions with both RV Akademik M.A. Lavrentyev as well as RV Sonne have provided data on the systematic, evolution and biogeography of the deep-sea fauna of the Sea of Japan, Sea of Okhotsk, the Kuril-Kamchatka Trench (KKT) and the NW Pacific open abyssal plain. Goals of these expeditions were to study the biodiversity, biogeography and trophic characteristics of the benthic organisms in different NW Pacific deep-sea environments, to compare more isolated deep-sea basins with more easily accessible ones and to test whether the hadal of the KKT isolates the fauna of the Sea of Okhotsk to the fauna of the open NW Pacific area. An outline of some important results in presented. These data build the basis of the Beneficial ( B iog e ography of the n orthwest Pacific fauna. A benchmark study for e stimations o f alien i nvasions into the Ar c tic Ocean i n times of r a pid c l imate chance) project which aims to deliver a sound biogeographic baseline study of the NW Pacific area. These data will serve as a solid basis and benchmark for predicting potential species invasions supported by the retreat of Arctic Ocean sea ice. Thus our data will be beneficial for the assessment of state and quality of the Arctic marine ecosystem in a changing environment.

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Echinoderes pterus sp. n. showing a geographically and bathymetrically wide distribution pattern on seamounts and on the deep-sea floor in the Arctic Ocean, Atlantic Ocean, and the Mediterranean Sea (Kinorhyncha, Cyclorhagida)

ZooKeys ◽

10.3897/zookeys.771.25534 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 771 ◽

pp. 15-40 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Hiroshi Yamasaki ◽

Katarzyna Grzelak ◽

Martin V. Sørensen ◽

Birger Neuhaus ◽

Kai Horst George

Keyword(s):

Atlantic Ocean ◽

Arctic Ocean ◽

Distribution Pattern ◽

Mediterranean Sea ◽

Deep Sea ◽

Wide Distribution ◽

The Arctic ◽

Sea Floor ◽

The Arctic Ocean ◽

The Mediterranean

Kinorhynchs rarely show a wide distribution pattern, due to their putatively low dispersal capabilities and/or limited sampling efforts. In this study, a new kinorhynch species is described,Echinoderespterussp. n., which shows a geographically and bathymetrically wide distribution, occurring on the Karasik Seamount and off the Svalbard Islands (Arctic Ocean), on the Sedlo Seamount (northeast Atlantic Ocean), and on the deep-sea floor off Crete and on the Anaximenes Seamount (Mediterranean Sea), at a depth range of 675–4,403 m. The new species is characterized by a combination of middorsal acicular spines on segments 4–8, laterodorsal tubes on segment 10, lateroventral tubes on segment 5, lateroventral acicular spines on segments 6–9, tufts of long hairs rising from slits in a laterodorsal position on segment 9, truncated tergal extensions on segment 11, and the absence of any type-2 gland cell outlet. The specimens belonging to the populations from the Arctic Ocean, the Sedlo Seamount, and the Mediterranean Sea show morphological variation in the thickness and length of the spines as well as in the presence/absence of ventromedial sensory spots on segment 7. The different populations are regarded as belonging to a single species because of their overlapping variable characters.

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Deep-sea cirromorphs (Cephalopoda) photographed in the Arctic Ocean

Deep Sea Research and Oceanographic Abstracts ◽

10.1016/0011-7471(73)90046-6 ◽

1973 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 107-IN1

Author(s):

William G. Pearcy ◽

Alan Beal

Keyword(s):

Arctic Ocean ◽

Deep Sea ◽

The Arctic ◽

The Arctic Ocean

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Molecular Distributions and Compound-Specific Stable Carbon Isotopic Compositions of Plant Wax n-Alkanes in Marine Aerosols along a North–South Transect in the Arctic–Northwest Pacific Region

Atmosphere ◽

10.3390/atmos11050499 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 499

Author(s):

Jung-Hyun Kim ◽

Jiyeon Park ◽

Sol-Bin Kim ◽

Kyung-Hoon Shin ◽

Sookwan Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Arctic Ocean ◽

East Asian ◽

The Arctic ◽

Northwest Pacific ◽

Pacific Region ◽

Marine Aerosols ◽

Stable Carbon ◽

Asian Countries ◽

Northwest Pacific Ocean ◽

The Arctic Ocean

A geographical source of n-alkanes in marine aerosols was assessed along a North–South transect in the Arctic–Northwest Pacific region. Marine aerosol samples were collected during the ARA08 cruise with the R/V Araon between 28 August and 28 September 2017. We investigated molecular distributions of n-alkanes (homologous series of C16 to C34) and compound-specific stable carbon isotopes (δ13C) of n-C27, n-C29, and n-C31. Unresolved complex mixtures (UCM) showed a latitudinal trend from the Arctic Ocean to the northwest Pacific Ocean, highlighting an increasing influence of the plume of polluted air exported from East Asian countries. The anthropogenic input was further evidenced by high U/R ratios (>5) and low CPI17–23 (0.6–1.4). The occurrence of high molecular weight (HMW) n-alkanes with high CPI27–31 (>3) indicated the biogenic input of terrestrial higher plant leaf waxes in all studied samples. The δ13C of HMW n-alkanes was influenced by both the relative contributions from the C3/C4 plant sources and from fossil fuel combustions. The back-trajectory analyses provided evidence that changes in molecular distributions and δ13C of n-alkanes were due to the long-range atmospheric transport of anthropogenic and biogenic organic materials from North American and East Asian countries to the Arctic Ocean and the remote northwest Pacific Ocean, respectively.

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