Four key areas for training the next-generation of global change researchers

10.7287/peerj.preprints.947 ◽

2015 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Santonu Goswami ◽

Xiaofeng Xu ◽

Daniel Hayes

Keyword(s):

Global Change ◽

Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide ◽

Human Society ◽

Next Generation ◽

Grand Challenges ◽

Goods And Services ◽

Global Change Ecology ◽

Challenges And Opportunities ◽

Future Challenges ◽

Key Aspects

Human activities are changing the global environment in numerous ways, including increasing concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide, alteration of biogeochemical cycles and changing land cover types. These changes are increasing stresses on ecosystem goods and services, driving climate change and thus creating a few grand challenges for sustainability of the human society. Improving our understanding of these profound changes and grand challenges will help us in developing better predictive capabilities for the future. As these changes are expected to be long-lasting and we still do not have a complete understanding of their causes and consequences, the next generation of scientists needs to be properly trained in knowledge, methods and techniques in order to meet the research needs to tackle future challenges in global change ecology research. Here we discuss the challenges and opportunities in preparing the next-generation global change researchers according to four key aspects of training.

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Challenges to Environmental Valuation of Water in Light of Global Change

Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Environmental Science ◽

10.1093/acrefore/9780199389414.013.610 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Vic Adamowicz ◽

Diane Dupont

Keyword(s):

Global Change ◽

Environmental Valuation ◽

Market Survey ◽

Allocation Of Resources ◽

Water Quality Standards ◽

Population Demographics ◽

Challenges And Opportunities ◽

Future Challenges ◽

The Relationship

A number of challenges are faced by practitioners seeking to elicit values associated with water in a world of global change. These values are needed to assist in decision-making around the use of water as a country’s key asset. Five different pathways show the complexity of the relationship between global change and environmental valuation of water: a climate change pathway, ecosystem infrastructure pathway, population/demographics pathway, income pathway, and technological change/innovation pathway. The challenges are most acute for water when it is related to ecosystem services since values need to be elicited through the use of non-market survey-based valuation techniques. In addition, environmental valuation will be important to inform the determination of water quality standards associated with different uses of water (drinking, recreation, etc.) and the allocation of resources to provide these different services. Several case studies illustrate issues and solutions. The article concludes with an appreciation of future challenges and opportunities.

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Barriers to adopting e-commerce with small to mid-sized enterprises-SMEs in developed countries: an exploratory study in Australia

Global Journal of Information Technology Emerging Technologies ◽

10.18844/gjit.v8i2.3466 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 43-54

Author(s):

Shakir Karim ◽

Ergun Gide

Keyword(s):

Banking Sector ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Business Environment ◽

Competitive Advantages ◽

Journal Articles ◽

Academic Journal ◽

Goods And Services ◽

Reliable Assessment ◽

Challenges And Opportunities ◽

Future Challenges

Abstract This paper analyses the challenges and opportunities of E-banking in Bangladesh. It also discusses the success of E-banking in Small to Midsized Enterprise-SMEs of Bangladesh and gives a reliable assessment of Bangladesh’s present E-banking infrastructure and its future organizational structure. This paper mainly has used secondary research data and methods to provide a broad investigation of E-banking in Bangladesh, how to overcome the hurdles in SMEs of Bangladesh necessary for SMEs to help facilitate E-banking adoption. The research is subject to academic journal articles, project reports, media articles, corporation based documents and other appropriate information. This paper also analyses the data that was collected from Bangladeshi government and non-government organisations and banking sector. It gathers answers from E-commerce experts, IT students and academics as the respondents’ through interview on the basis of questionnaires which were prepared for this study purpose. Data was also collected by using interviews from Bangladesh E-banking based organizations that are offering their goods and services on electronic channels and professionals involved with E-banking related activities. The study found that E-banking is steadily transforming the way businesses to be conducted and changing the business environment in Bangladesh. E-banking can provide speedier, faster and reliable services to the customers for which they are relatively happy. E-banking services not only can develop new competitive advantages, it can improve its relationships with customers. As a developing country, Bangladesh is not fully known about E-banking sector. As a result this paper also overviews the issues associated with E-banking e.g. cybercrime and try to explore the future challenges and prospects in Bangladesh. This paper also compares the local E-banking sites with worldwide brand E-banking sites to make an effective solution of Bangladesh’s E-banking.

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Preparing the Next Generation in Tanzania: Challenges and Opportunities in Education

10.1596/978-1-4648-0590-5 ◽

2015 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Keyword(s):

Next Generation ◽

Challenges And Opportunities

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Future Challenges in the Next Generation of Voice User Interface

2020 International Conference on Computing and Data Science (CDS) ◽

10.1109/cds49703.2020.00045 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Zicheng Wang

Keyword(s):

User Interface ◽

Next Generation ◽

Future Challenges ◽

Voice User ◽

Voice User Interface

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Dutch Public health Foresight study 2018/20

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/ckaa165.1290 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽

Author(s):

H Hilderink

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Health Care ◽

Health Care Expenditures ◽

Living Environment ◽

Societal Challenges ◽

Challenges And Opportunities ◽

Future Challenges ◽

National Prevention ◽

Business As Usual ◽

Insight Into

Abstract The four-year Public Health Foresight Study (VTV) provides insight into the most important societal challenges for public health and health care in the Netherlands. The seventh edition of the Dutch Public Health Foresight study was published in 2018, with an update in 2020. In this update a business-as-usual or Trend Scenario was developed using 2018 as a base year. In the trend scenario demographic and epidemiological projections have been used to depict the future trends regarding ageing, health, disease, health behaviors, health expenditures and health inequalities. Next, these trends are used to identify the most important future challenges and opportunities for public health. In the 2020 update, special attentions is given to climate change and the local living environment and their impacts and interaction with public health outcomes. Trends in lifestyle-related lifestyle show both positive (smoking prevalence) and negative (overweight prevalence) future developments. Dementia will be the leading cause of mortality and disease burden in 2040 by far. Health care expenditures will double by 2040, with cancers showing the most rapid growth of all disease groups. The insights of this study are directly used as input for the National Health Policy Memorandum and for the National Prevention Accord.

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Unconventional Materials Processing Using Spark Plasma Sintering

Ceramics ◽

10.3390/ceramics4010003 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 20-40

Author(s):

Ambreen Nisar ◽

Cheng Zhang ◽

Benjamin Boesl ◽

Arvind Agarwal

Keyword(s):

Spark Plasma Sintering ◽

Real Life ◽

Functional Materials ◽

Research Field ◽

Advanced Materials ◽

Plasma Sintering ◽

Challenges And Opportunities ◽

Future Challenges ◽

Gas Quenching ◽

Spark Plasma

Spark plasma sintering (SPS) has gained recognition in the last 20 years for its rapid densification of hard-to-sinter conventional and advanced materials, including metals, ceramics, polymers, and composites. Herein, we describe the unconventional usages of the SPS technique developed in the field. The potential of various new modifications in the SPS technique, from pressureless to the integration of a novel gas quenching system to extrusion, has led to SPS’ evolution into a completely new manufacturing tool. The SPS technique’s modifications have broadened its usability from merely a densification tool to the fabrication of complex-shaped components, advanced functional materials, functionally gradient materials, interconnected materials, and porous filter materials for real-life applications. The broader application achieved by modification of the SPS technique can provide an alternative to conventional powder metallurgy methods as a scalable manufacturing process. The future challenges and opportunities in this emerging research field have also been identified and presented.

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