Analysis of water pollution index around gold mining in the downstream of Krueng Kluet sub-watershed

Water is one of the primary needs of every living creature. With the increase in population, the need for water continues to increase. The declining water quality caused by human activities is one of the world’s concerns. This study examines river water quality status in the gold mining area in the downstream of Krueng Kluet sub-watershed. The method used to determine the level of river water pollution is based on the Decree of Minister of Environment Number 115 the Year 2003, which uses class 1 water quality standards according to Government Regulation of The Republic of Indonesia Number 82 the Year. The results show that river water in the study area is in the category that is not polluted or fulfills water quality standards for drinking water and daily needs.

Mapping of Water Quality as Aquaculture Media, Comparative Study on Three Rivers in Riau Province

Kampar River, Siak River, and Rokan River have different watersheds, and the water from these rivers is not interconnected. The results of this study can be used as a basis for managing aquatic resources in the Kampar River, Siak River, and Rokan River, Riau Province, Indonesia. This research was conducted in April 2017 – March 2018. The collection and measurement of water quality for each river consisted of three stations which were carried out based on SNI through the survey method twice, namely in the dry season and rainy season. The observed water quality parameters include physical, chemical, and biological parameters. The results of the next analysis are calculated using the STORET method using a value system from the United State-Environmental Protection Agency (US-EPA) which is adjusted to the Class III Water Quality Standard based on PP. 22 of 2021. The results of the analysis of the rain index value in the highest dry season is a score of -44 on the Rokan River, classified as class D with a score of -31 heavily polluted. The STORET score in the Kampar River and Siak River obtained -24, each classified as Class C, is included in the moderately polluted category. Meanwhile, in the rainy season the pollution index with the same pattern is highest in the Rokan River -40, then Kampar River, and Siak River each -20. The water quality standard used in this study is class III because it still supports fish farming activities. Based on Government Regulation Number 22 of 2021 concerning water quality standards, class III is water whose designation can be used for freshwater fish aquaculture, animal husbandry, and gardens irrigation. The Storet method is carried out by collecting water quality data and measuring data from each water parameter compared to the value of class III water quality standards.

Water Quality and Its Relationship to Tides and Ebbs on the Sail River, Pekanbaru City, Riau Province, Indonesia

The Sail River flows through the Pekanbaru City area which functions as a hydrological reservoir and main drainage channel. This river is affected by tides. Development along the Sail River Basin may affects the aquatic ecosystems. The research was conducted to determine the quality of the Sail River water and how it relates to the tides. Sampling was carried out two times during June-July 2021 in high and low tide conditions. The water quality parameters measured were temperature, TSS, pH, dissolved oxygen, BOD, COD, oil and fat, and Pb metal. Results showed that the temperature, COD, and Pb were significantly different at high tide and low tide conditions. On the other hand, during low and high tides condition, the value of TSS, pH, dissolved oxygen, BOD, oil, and fat were not significantly different. Dissolved oxygen levels during high and low tide ranged from 2.00 -3.00 mg/l and 1.00 -1.70 mg/l respectively. The Pb content during high and low tides ranged from 0.12-0.16 mg/l. In the present study, the values of dissolved oxygen and Pb content does not meet the water quality standards of Government Regulation No. 22/2021 (Class III).

Deconstruction of the ultimum remedium basic concept on protection and management tropical biodiversity

The biological potential in Indonesia is no longer managed and protected. So far Indonesia has had biologically related laws and regulations, but its implementation is still weak and less effective. Therefore, Law No. 32 of 2009 on Environmental Protection and Management or called UUPPLH mentioned the management and protection of biodiversity based UUPPLH namely two principles in law of criminal provision, the principle of remedium ultimum which is an effort, and the principle of premium remedium that takes care of the law. So far many mistakes in interpreting the application of the principle of remedium ultimum which is said to make it difficult for law enforcement to enforce environmental criminal laws and can shackle law enforcements in carrying out task of environmental law enforcement. In addition, it is also said that the principle of remedium ultimum can also harm the environment due to violations of waste water quality standards, emissions, and disturbances that take precedence is the administration of administrative sanctions, meaning that there is no deterrent effect on perpetrators. Therefore, it is necessary to deconstruct the principle of remedium ultimum in the proper enforcement of environmental criminal law including structuring and enforcement (compliance) which can also be a view of criminal law that can be used as an instrument in the framework of protection and management of tropical biodiversity, especially the environment and can bring consequences for the intertwining of criminal law with administrative law. The results of the research are based on UUPPLH that can protect biodiversity by Indonesia and reconstruct the principle of ultimum remedium in environmental law. Research methods using normative legal research on philosophical.

Quality Assessment of Groundwater of Barind Area, Bangladesh using Integrated Hydrochemical Method

The study was conducted for assessing water quality for drinking and irrigation purposes of groundwater sources. Total 50 water samples were collected from different locations of Nachol and Niamatpurupazilla of Chapainawabgonj and Naogaon district in January 2019 and January 2020. Water quality parameters like pH, electrical conductivity (Ec), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), sodium (Na), potassium (K), total hardness (TH), alkalinity, sulphate (SO4), nitrate (NO3), nitrite (NO2), ammonia (NH4), phosphate (PO4), chloride (Cl), dissolved oxygen (DO), and total dissolved solids (TDS) were analyzed in the laboratory. All the analyzed parameters were compared with national and international drinking and irrigation water quality standards to understand the overall groundwater quality status of the study area. The study showed that the water samples of almost all the locations were suitable for consumption and irrigation.

DIVERSITY OF MOLLUSCA BIVALVIA ALONG THE BEACHES SAND OF KARANG MAS, MUARA GADING MAS, MARINGGAI REGENCY, EAST OF LAMPUNG

East Lampung Regency has a coastal area of East Lampung with 316 ha. One of the coastal tourist areas owned by East Lampung Regency is Shells Mas Beach. This beach has a fairly long coastline where there are a lot of bivalves, but the inventory of the types of bivalves on the beach.The purpose of the research is to analyze both the species diversities of bivalves and physical also chemical conditions of the waters. The research methodology used purposive sampling method analysis of species abundance data, diversity index, and index dominance. From the result of the bivalve diversities on the coast, bivalve the most common found are is Matra grandis,it is found out that there is no dominating bivalve amongst them due to below normal dominating rate that is 0,08-0,16 to be considered low level (00,00<C≤0,30); middle with diversity index 2,18–2,70 (2<H’≤3); high with index diversity 0,85–0,94 (E>0,6). The highest abundance value at station 1 is 4787.01 ind/m3 and the lowest species abundance value at station 3 is138.75 ind/m3. From the results of the chemical physics measurements, it shows that it still is in the range of sea water quality standards. The Bivalve diversity relationship shows a positive correlation to the parameters of salinity, grain size, and sediment TSS. Meanwhile, it shows negative correlation for parameters DO, pH and temperature.

Evaluation of Rainwater Quality in Different Areas of Dhaka City

Since rainwater harvesting system was assessed to be potential in residential, industrial, educational and other institutions so the study was focused on the rainwater quality of samples collected from rooftop surface runoff of different locations of Dhaka city which is the 2nd most polluted city of the world. Locations were based upon residential, commercial, industrial zone within the area, motorized vehicles use, population, construction works etc. The rooftops were taken mainly of concrete made rooftops and within a single area 03 locations were chosen and a sample of rainwater was collected from a tin made rooftop within that area. The main purpose of this assessment was to compare the rainwater quality of different locations with the drinking water quality standards of Bangladesh and World Health Organization (WHO) in order to observe whether the water needs of further treatment or not for potable use. The samples were checked of physical (Turbidity) and chemical (pH, Electric Conductivity, Total Dissolved Solids, Nitrate, Nitrite, Sulfate, Chloride & Fluoride) characteristics of water quality. In terms of pH, Nitrate and Fluoride values, there were significant imbalance with the standards and thus required treatment for potable use. And other parameters were within the standards.