scholarly journals Integrated cognitive retraining in agenesis of corpus callosum: a single case study

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajakumari P. Reddy ◽  
Rajan Jamuna ◽  
Lata Hemchand
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Callosum ◽  
Emotional Processing ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Social Emotional ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Agenesis Of Corpus Callosum ◽  
Neuropsychological Profile ◽  
Cognitive Retraining ◽  
Post Assessment

Individuals with Agenesis of corpus callosum (ACC) have deficits in areas of cognitive functions, social, emotional processing and communication. The aims of the study were to examine: (a) the neuropsychological profile pre- and post-intervention; (b) to study the effects of the integrated integrative cognitive retraining in patient with ACC. We employed a single case experimental study with pre- and post-assessment. This design enabled evaluation of changes in the patient in response to the intervention. RR, a 25-year-old with diagnosis of ACC was assessed for poor concentration, memory, academic performance, anxiety, and interpersonal issues. Neuropsychological profile indicated deficits. He underwent six months of cognitive retraining (home & hospital based) and brief cognitive behavior therapy. There was significant improvement post intervention. Integrative Cognitive retraining was efficacious in patient with ACC.

scholarly journals Recovery from Adolescent Anorexia Nervosa and Associations with Diurnal Patterns of Salivary Stress Hormones: A Case Report

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Oskis ◽  
Catherine Loveday ◽  
Frank Hucklebridge ◽  
David Wood ◽  
Angela Clow
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Hpa Axis ◽  
Affect Regulation ◽  
Emotional Processing ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Stress Hormones ◽  
Affective State ◽  
Central Component ◽  
Adolescent Anorexia Nervosa

In the neurodevelopment of adolescent anorexia nervosa (AN), dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is proposed to be a central component. Furthermore, a therapeutic milieu focusing on affect regulation can contribute much to treatment, given the emotional processing difficulties associated with this disorder. Studies of HPA axis function following such specialist treatments for adolescent AN, however, are rare. This study describes the diurnal pattern of HPA axis activation, including the cortisol awakening response (CAR), in a 16-year-old female diagnosed with AN both during illness and at clinical recovery following milieu therapy with a focus on affect regulation. Specialised single-case study statistics were used to assess whether the patient's data were significantly different from the healthy “norm” at illness and recovery. During illness, her measure of affective problems was outside of the normal range and cortisol and DHEA secretory profiles were significantly elevated across the diurnal period. However, at recovery both her affective state and HPA axis function became comparable to healthy controls. This case study suggests that salivary markers of HPA axis function can be feasibly incorporated into the clinical regime within a specialist adolescent AN residential service and could be used by clinicians to monitor prognosis and interventions.

A-27 A Pediatric Case Study of Neurodevelopmental Disorder Associated with Complete Agenesis of the Corpus Callosum

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 1068-1068
Author(s):  
Courtney L Norris ◽  
Alphonso Smith
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Callosum ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorder ◽  
Neuropsychological Testing ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Attention Problems ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Outcomes ◽  
Neuropsychological Profile ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Genetic Abnormalities

Abstract Objective The corpus callosum is a major white matter pathway of the brain that coordinates the transfer of information between both cerebral hemispheres. Children with complete agenesis of the corpus callosum (ACC) are at increased risk for neurodevelopmental disorders, epilepsy, and genetic abnormalities. Method This case study presents the neuropsychological profile of a 6-year-old girl in the 1st grade who was born with complete ACC and presented with a history of attention problems and behavioral-emotional difficulties. Results Neuropsychological testing revealed mild to severe deficits in attention, executive functioning, and self-regulation in the context of average intellectual functioning and broadly average to above-average academic achievement. Conclusions School recommendations included establishing a 504 plan and weekly counseling sessions with the school social worker in order to provide accommodations to support the child’s attention difficulties in the academic setting. Recommendations for genetic testing and ongoing monitoring by the patient’s neurologist were suggested given the higher rates of genetic abnormalities and seizures in children with ACC as these conditions can adversely impact neurodevelopmental outcomes. Medication management, as well as private behavior therapy with a parent-training component, were recommended for interventions to address the child’s deficits with attention and behavioral regulation. This case study demonstrates the need for prompt neuropsychological evaluation for children with ACC in order to more efficiently facilitate access to targeted assessments and treatments that can lead to improved outcomes.

Reducing Intrusive Memories of Childhood Trauma Using a Visuospatial Intervention: A Case Study in Iceland (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristjana Thorarinsdottir ◽  
Emily Holmes ◽  
Johann Palmar Hardarson ◽  
Unnur Hedinsdottir ◽  
Marie Kanstrup ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Event ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Psychological Trauma ◽  
Cognitive Intervention ◽  
Clinical Psychologist ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Intrusive Memories ◽  
Intervention Phase

BACKGROUND Additional interventions are needed for survivors of psychological trauma. Case studies can help treatment innovation with an intervention designed to disrupt memory reconsolidation, taking a single symptom approach by focusing on intrusive memories of a traumatic event. OBJECTIVE We aimed to examine a novel brief cognitive intervention to reduce the number of intrusive memories of trauma, in an Icelandic setting and extending previous studies by examining longer-term effects up to 3 months. The intervention comprised a brief memory reminder, then Tetris gameplay with mental rotation, targeting one memory at a time in each session. The intervention was guided by a clinical psychologist and adapted to the Icelandic setting. METHODS This was a single case study in Iceland with a woman in her fifties, with 4 different intrusive memories from childhood. The primary outcome was the change in number of intrusive memories from baseline to intervention phase, and to follow-ups. The number of intrusions was monitored in a daily diary for: 4 weeks preintervention; 8 weeks during intervention; 1 week at 1-month and 3-month follow-ups. Intrusions were targeted one-by-one over 6 intervention sessions, creating 4 repetitions of an AB design (i.e., length of baseline ‘A’ and intervention phase ‘B’ varied for each memory). We examined change in both total number of intrusions (summed across all 4 memories) and individually for each memory. RESULTS The number of total intrusions per week was 12.6 at baseline; 6.1 over the intervention phase (a 52% reduction from baseline); 3.0 at the 1-month follow-up (76% reduction); and 1.0 at the 3-month follow-up (92% reduction). Reductions in symptoms of posttraumatic stress and depression were observed post-intervention. Sleep, concentration, stress and functioning improved. The participant considered the gameplay intervention acceptable, and helpful in that she found the memories disappeared while playing. CONCLUSIONS This guided brief cognitive intervention reduced the number intrusive memories from over the intervention phase and follow-ups. The brief memory reminder was well-tolerated, removing the need to discuss trauma in detail. Next steps require extension to more cases and exploring remote delivery of the intervention. CLINICALTRIAL VSNb2017110046/03.01

scholarly journals The impact of articulatory consciousness training on reading and spelling literacy in students with severe dyslexia: an experimental single case study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Cathrine Thurmann-Moe ◽  
Monica Melby-Lervåg ◽  
Arne Lervåg
Keyword(s):  
Single Case ◽  
Multiple Baseline ◽  
Probe Design ◽  
Intervention Programme ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Reading And Spelling

AbstractThis study evaluates the effect of an intervention whose aim is to make articulatory consciousness a tool in decoding and spelling. The sample comprises 11 students with severe dyslexia (2 SD below the mean pseudoword scores), and the intervention programme consists of 32 individual sessions over 8 weeks. The study applies a multiple baseline/probe design with five baseline tests that correspond to a control condition, eight tests during the intervention and five post-intervention tests. On average, the results show significant improvement in all reading and spelling outcomes. However, there were also significant effects on an irrelevant control task (the pegboard test), perhaps indicating testing effects on the dependent variables, making it difficult to draw firm conclusions from the study. Consequently, testing the intervention in randomised trials of children with severe dyslexia is recommended to draw more firm conclusions about its efficacy for this group.

Outcomes of Minimal Pair Intervention in a School-aged Child with a Consistent Phonological Disorder: A Multiple Baseline Single Case Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-65
Author(s):  
Claire Daly ◽  
Margaret Rodden ◽  
Stanislava Antonijevic-Elliot ◽  
Rena Lyons
Keyword(s):  
Speech Intelligibility ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Speech Sound ◽  
Minimal Pair ◽  
Multiple Baseline ◽  
Single Case Study ◽  
Speech Sound Disorder ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Aged Child

Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of minimal pair intervention in a school-aged child with consistent phonological disorder, using a multiple baseline single case study design. Method: The participant was a boy aged 8;11 who presented with a consistent phonological disorder. A multiple baseline single case study design was used to measure the effect of six sessions of minimal pair intervention for treating consistent phonological disorder. There was a two-week baseline period prior to the intervention phase. The outcome measures included measures of the severity of the speech sound disorder and speech intelligibility, which were taken pre-, immediately postintervention, and five months post-intervention. Other measures included the monitoring of the accuracy of production of the treated targets /ʃ/ and un-treated targets /ʤ/, /ʧ/, and /ɹ/ during intervention. Main results: There was an increase in accuracy in the production of treated and untreated target sounds post-intervention. There was a reduction in the severity of the speech sound disorder and an improvement in speech intelligibility post-intervention. These changes were maintained five months post-intervention. Conclusion: Minimal pair intervention, when provided over six sessions, can result in positive changes in the severity of speech sound disorder, accuracy of the target phonemes and speech intelligibility in a schoolaged child with consistent phonological disorder.

scholarly journals Software-based cognitive therapy intervention targeting core symptoms in Autism: A single case study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhuvanesh Awasthi
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Therapy ◽  
Social Engagement ◽  
Word Reading ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Single Case Study ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Core Symptoms ◽  
Therapy Intervention

This study demonstrates the use and effectiveness of an online digital cognitive therapy platform to target core symptoms of Autism. A single case study of a nine-year-old subject is presented who underwent a 15-week cognitive and reading therapy intervention using software-based gameplays. Pre- and Post-intervention assessments show marked improvement in word reading, handwriting, sentence reading fluency and comprehension skills. In addition, the Parent observed positive behavioural changes in social engagement, self-control, improved motor skills, improved tolerance of sensory load, reduction in irritability, hyperactivity and aggressiveness. The study indicates that a short, digital, game-based cognitive therapy and reading training of letter-sound correspondences and word-level reading can boost the reading development of struggling readers in Autism. Such an option is beneficial for effective and meaningful engagement-based remote learning for neurodiverse populations. This case study is the first step in developing a community-based program for engaging parents in providing intervention to their children using simple to using online digital cognitive therapy.

A-40 The Neurocognitive and Behavioral Profile of an Adolescent with in-Utero Exposure to Alcohol

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 1081-1081
Author(s):  
Alphonso Smith ◽  
Courtney Norris
Keyword(s):  
Neuropsychological Assessment ◽  
Adaptive Functioning ◽  
Alcohol Exposure ◽  
In Utero ◽  
Attention Problems ◽  
In Utero Exposure ◽  
Social Emotional ◽  
Neuropsychological Profile ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Objective Prenatal alcohol exposure can result in altered brain development that has detrimental effects on children and put them at increased risk for cognitive impairment, sensorimotor deficits, attention problems, behavioral issues, and social–emotional difficulties. Further, adolescents with neurodevelopmental disorders associated with in-utero exposure to alcohol require targeted academic and psychosocial support as they transition into adulthood which emphasizes the need for neuropsychological assessment. Method This case study presents on the neuropsychological profile of a 17-year-old male in the 11th grade who was exposed to alcohol in-utero and was diagnosed with fetal alcohol effects as a young child by his primary care physician. Results Neuropsychological testing revealed a broad range of impairments which included deficits in intellectual functioning (mild disability), adaptive functioning, language, academic achievement, attention, executive functioning, memory, fine/visuomotor skills, and social–emotional functioning. Conclusions Recommendations were made to modify his special education goals by targeting his functional academic skills, adaptive functioning, communication skills, and post-high school transition planning. Recommendations for behavioral interventions were given to his referring psychotherapist to aid in treatment planning. Information on vocational counseling and financial support for individuals with developmental disabilities were provided to the patient’s guardian as well. This case study illustrates the long-lasting neurocognitive and behavioral effects associated with in-utero alcohol exposure and the need for neuropsychological assessment during adolescence in order to reduce secondary issues (e.g., school problems, lack of mental health support, unemployment, and financial hardship) that can occur as these individuals move into adulthood.

A Neuropsychological Profile for Cerebrotendinous Xanthomatosis: A Single-Case Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 441-449
Author(s):  
Andrew M. Bryant ◽  
Cady Block
Keyword(s):  
Single Case ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Cerebrotendinous Xanthomatosis ◽  
Diagnostic Process ◽  
Multidisciplinary Teams ◽  
Neuropsychological Profile ◽  
Cerebellar Ataxias ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Manifestations ◽  
The Central Nervous System

AbstractObjective:Cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis (CTX) belongs to a heterogeneous group of neurological disorders known as autosomal recessive cerebellar ataxias. Low awareness of CTX can result in misdiagnoses in the differential diagnostic process and may limit one’s ability to offer suitable recommendations. While neurodegeneration is a recognized manifestation of CTX, there is scant literature to characterize the nature of cortical symptoms and even less detailing of its associated neurocognitive and neuropsychiatric manifestations.Method:Based on the lack of representation of CTX in neuropsychological literature, we sought to present a case seen in a 39-year-old patient within our own clinic.Results:Evaluation of the patient’s neurocognitive functioning revealed global impairment consistent with a CTX diagnosis and neuroimaging findings noting significant cerebellar involvement.Conclusions:Neuropsychologists are increasingly called upon to make treatment recommendations and provide information that may be helpful in differential diagnosis as part of multidisciplinary teams. Referrals from neurology are common, and it is important for neuropsychologists to be aware of diseases that affect the central nervous system; CTX is one such example. The goal of this case study is to build awareness of this condition and increase interest in a more systematic approach to research and clinical care of this population.

Who Has Potatoes?

2003 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-159
Author(s):  
Keith V. Bletzer
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Home Country ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Turning Points ◽  
Farm Labor ◽  
Single Case Study ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Migrant Work

Migratory farm labor like other forms of migrant work both in and outside agriculture impedes on the opportunity to make choices. The following essay explores particular phases in the life of one man (a single case study) and examines how he considers turning points in his life that led to a long period of substance use, both as an immigrant in the country and as a working man in his home country, followed by a cessation of use and the beginning stages of recovery. / Para el migrante, viajar en busca de trabajo es díficil, ya sea que trabaje en agricultura o en otras labores. Este ensayo examina ciertas etapas en la vida de un hombre (estudio de un solo caso) que examina los cambios que le han ocurrido durante un período en que él consumía grandes cantidades de alcohol en los estados y en su país, seguido por un período de sobriedad (no tomaba alcohol, no usaba drogas) en este país en que él comienza una etapa de rehabilitación.

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