Introduction

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessa Lingel
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Methodological Approach

This chapter introduces key definitions of community, appropriation and alterity. I outline a methodological approach, networked case studies, as well as the book’s remaining chapters.

A Systematic Methodology for Doing Qualitative Research

2020 ◽  
pp. 002188632098271
Author(s):  
Denny Gioia
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Behavioral Science ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Scientific Rigor ◽  
Systematic Methodology ◽  
Applicable Knowledge

The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science is in the enviable position of being a go-to journal for many readers seeking useable insights for solving practical problems in managing modern organizations. A perennial source of such knowledge has been case studies, but case studies have been treated as questionable sources of widely applicable knowledge because they have been assumed to be idiosyncratic and to lack adequate “scientific” rigor. In this brief article, I argue for using a methodological approach to studying single cases that addresses both these thorny problems.

scholarly journals Managing overlap of primary study results across systematic reviews: practical considerations for authors of overviews of reviews

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carole Lunny ◽  
Dawid Pieper ◽  
Pierre Thabet ◽  
Salmaan Kanji
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Primary Study ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Overlapping Data ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Yield Trends

Abstract Background Overviews often identify and synthesise a large number of systematic reviews on the same topic, which is likely to lead to overlap (i.e. duplication) in primary studies across the reviews. Using a primary study result multiple times in the same analysis overstates its sample size and number of events, falsely leading to greater precision in the analysis. This paper aims to: (a) describe types of overlapping data that arise from the same primary studies reported across multiple reviews, (b) describe methods to identify and explain overlap of primary study data, and (c) present six case studies illustrating different approaches to manage overlap. Methods We first updated the search in PubMed for methods from the MOoR framework relating to overlap of primary studies. One author screened the studies titles and abstracts, and any full-text articles retrieved, extracted methods data relating to overlap of primary studies and mapped it to the overlap methods from the MOoR framework. We also describe six case studies as examples of overviews that use specific overlap methods across the steps in the conduct of an overview. For each case study, we discuss potential methodological implications in terms of limitations, efficiency, usability, and resource use. Results Nine methods studies were found and mapped to the methods identified by the MOoR framework to address overlap. Overlap methods were mapped across four steps in the conduct of an overview – the eligibility criteria step, the data extraction step, the assessment of risk of bias step, and the synthesis step. Our overview case studies used multiple methods to reduce overlap at different steps in the conduct of an overview. Conclusions Our study underlines that there is currently no standard methodological approach to deal with overlap in primary studies across reviews. The level of complexity when dealing with overlap can vary depending on the yield, trends and patterns of the included literature and the scope of the overview question. Choosing a method might be dependent on the number of included reviews and their primary studies. Gaps in evaluation of methods to address overlap were found and further investigation in this area is needed.

scholarly journals Processes for Ex-ante Evaluation of IT Projects - Case Studies in Brazilian Companies

10.28945/3025 ◽  
2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Jose Barbin Laurindo ◽  
Renato de Oliveira Moraes
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Information Technology ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
It Projects ◽  
Evaluation Practices ◽  
Ex Ante ◽  
It Applications ◽  
Special Information

In the highly competitive nowadays markets, many companies actions assume the project form. In special, Information Technology (IT) projects assume great importance, enabling the dynamic actions that organisations need (Porter, 2001; Tapscott, 2001). However, IT applications assume different roles, from operational support to strategic, according to companies’ strategies and operations, besides the peculiarities of the industry in which they compete (McFarlan, 1984; Porter & Millar, 1985). According to this role (appraised by McFarlan’s Strategic Grid), ex-ante evaluation practices for selecting IT projects to be implemented can vary (Jiang & Klein, 1999). The objective of this paper is to analyse practices for selecting IT projects in Brazilian companies classified in different quadrants of the Strategic Grid and to observe any differences in ex-ante evaluation practices among them. The adopted methodological approach was qualitative research, more specifically case study (Claver, Gonzalez & Llopis, 2000; Yin, 1991) performed in four companies.

Introduction

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Natural Philosophy ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
New Materials ◽  
History Of ◽  
General Topic ◽  
History Of Universities

This monographic issue of History of Universities presents new materials and case studies in order to deepen our understanding of the role of the academic milieu in the early modern reshaping of natural philosophy. The contributions included in this volume aim to pursue two main axes of research: (1) the reconstruction and exploration of the dialectics between tradition and innovation in the reshaping of natural philosophy; (2) the attempt to constitute and consolidate new traditions in natural philosophy. This introduction presents the general topic of the volume, the methodological approach developed by the contributors and the contents of each contribution.

Game Network Analysis

2016 ◽  
pp. 371-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aroutis N. Foster ◽  
Mamta Shah ◽  
Matthew Duvall
Keyword(s):  
Network Analysis ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Teacher Educators ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Service Level ◽  
Teacher Competence ◽  
Development Programs ◽  
Game Based Learning ◽  
Game Analysis

Teachers report experiencing frustrating issues in using games for instructional purposes. Teachers' inability to use games is further compounded by the lack of teacher education or professional development programs that focus on developing teacher competence in adopting game-based learning, particularly at the pre-service level. Thus, in this chapter, the Game Network Analysis (GaNA) framework is presented as a methodological approach developed to aid teachers in teaching and learning with games in educational contexts. The application of GaNA is highlighted through case studies with pre-service and in-service teachers. The case studies illustrate how GaNA, through a focus on game analysis, game integration, and ecological conditions impacting game use, can empower teachers to adopt game-based learning in a systematic, but adaptive manner. The chapter concludes with a discussion of future directions for teacher educators and educational researchers who are interested in developing teachers' knowledge and skills in game-based learning.

Bridging planned conservation and community empowerment: Portuguese case studies

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa Cunha Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Sharp Decrease ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Community Empowerment ◽  
Heritage Management ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Built Heritage ◽  
Ecological Resources

Purpose In the present-day context of a sharp decrease in economic and ecological resources, planned conservation and community empowerment are key strategies for sustainable heritage management, because of their cost effectiveness, increased preservation of authenticity and socially development. However, there are still very few practical implementations, so the purpose of this paper is to present applied research to real case studies, as well as to demonstrate that preventive-planned conservation is increasingly successful when linked with the empowerment of local communities and users. Design/methodology/approach This paper proposes a methodology that focuses on two complementary aspects: planned conservation (material component) – undertaken directly on buildings, through inspection, monitoring, maintenance and repair activities; community empowerment (intangible component) – afforded indirectly to users, through participatory strategies and training in prevention, maintenance and use. Findings Based on an estimation of costs, this paper suggests that preventive-planned conservation strategies (pre-damage) can be one-third cheaper than the reactive and interventionist approach (post-damage). Moreover, this study also develops innovative ICT tools for the planned conservation of the built heritage, namely a specifically designed computer software/App (“MPlan”) that can be used to compile maintenance plans. Originality/value The case studies are among the first applications of preventive-planned conservation strategies to the built heritage in Portugal. Different types of case studies are provided to better illustrate the methodological approach adopted and the results obtained. Special attention is given to the Romanesque Route, a cultural itinerary with 58 monuments (monasteries, churches, bridges, towers and a castle). illustrated manuals contribute to the empowerment of local communities and users.

scholarly journals Admissible dissimilarity value (ADV) as a measure of subsampling reliability: case study North Sea cod (Gadus morhua)

2020 ◽  
Vol 192 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Wischnewski ◽  
Matthias Bernreuther ◽  
Alexander Kempf
Keyword(s):  
Sample Size ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
North Sea ◽  
Gadus Morhua ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
General Distribution ◽  
Sampling Effort ◽  
Important Species ◽  
Stock Assessments

AbstractThe shape of the length frequency distribution (LFD) is an important input for stock assessments and one of the most important features in studies of fish population dynamics, providing estimates of growth parameters. In practice, oversampling may occur when sampling commercially important species. At times of more and more limited resources, the length sample size can be optimized at some stages of national or regional sampling programmes, without reducing the quality of stock assessments. The main objective of this study is to demonstrate a general distribution-free methodological approach for an optimization of sample size developed as an alternative to both analytical and bootstrap approaches. A novel framework to identify the reduced but still informative sample and to quantify the (dis) similarity between reduced and original samples is proposed. The identification procedure is based on the concept of reference subsample, which represents a theoretical minimal representative subsample that despite smaller sample size still preserves a reasonably precise LFD for certain species. The difference between the original sample and the reference subsample called admissible dissimilarity value (ADV) serves as the upper threshold and can be used to quantify the reliability of derived subsamples. Monte Carlo simulations were conducted to validate the approach under various LFD shapes. We illustrate in case studies how ADV can support to evaluate adequate sampling effort. The case studies focus on length samples from the German commercial vessels fishing for North Sea cod (Gadus morhua).

No Entry

2016 ◽  
pp. 171-191
Author(s):  
Livia Bruscaglioni
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Hospital Staff ◽  
Psychological Aspects ◽  
Emergency Unit ◽  
Process Of Care ◽  
Defensive Reaction ◽  
Use Of Space ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Unit Analysis

The chapter investigates the dynamic of encounters between staff and patients in two case studies on hospital organisation, taking special account of the emotional and psychological aspects associated with practices in the use of organisational space. By drawing on two empirical cases set in different hospital contexts (the waiting rooms of two outpatients wards and an emergency unit), analysis is made of two examples of practices which represent express violations of the rules on the use of space by patients and their relatives. Violations that could be analysed as demand of engagement - by patients and relatives - in the process of care. In these empirical cases the governance defensive reaction strategies used by hospital staff in their interaction with waiting patients is shown in light of the rules that define the behaviour acceptable for patients and relatives. The study is based on a qualitative methodological approach using the techniques of observation and in-depth interviews with hospital staff, patients and relatives.

History of Universities Volume XXXIII/2

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Natural Philosophy ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
New Materials ◽  
History Of ◽  
General Topic ◽  
History Of Universities

This book on the history of universities presents new materials and case studies in order to deepen understanding of the role of the academic milieu in the early modern reshaping of natural philosophy. The chapters included in this volume aim to pursue two main axes of research: the reconstruction and exploration of the dialectics between tradition and innovation in the reshaping of natural philosophy; the attempt to constitute and consolidate new traditions in natural philosophy. The introduction presents the general topic of the volume, the methodological approach developed by the contributors, and the contents of each contribution.

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