scholarly journals Resting-state gamma-band power alterations in schizophrenia reveal E/I-balance abnormalities across illness-stages

eLife ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tineke Grent-'t-Jong ◽  
Joachim Gross ◽  
Jozien Goense ◽  
Michael Wibral ◽  
Ruchika Gajwani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resting State ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Spectral Power ◽  
Gamma Band ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Band Power ◽  
High Gamma ◽  
Gamma Band Activity ◽  
Band Activity

We examined alterations in E/I-balance in schizophrenia (ScZ) through measurements of resting-state gamma-band activity in participants meeting clinical high-risk (CHR) criteria (n = 88), 21 first episode (FEP) patients and 34 chronic ScZ-patients. Furthermore, MRS-data were obtained in CHR-participants and matched controls. Magnetoencephalographic (MEG) resting-state activity was examined at source level and MEG-data were correlated with neuropsychological scores and clinical symptoms. CHR-participants were characterized by increased 64–90 Hz power. In contrast, FEP- and ScZ-patients showed aberrant spectral power at both low- and high gamma-band frequencies. MRS-data showed a shift in E/I-balance toward increased excitation in CHR-participants, which correlated with increased occipital gamma-band power. Finally, neuropsychological deficits and clinical symptoms in FEP and ScZ-patients were correlated with reduced gamma band-activity, while elevated psychotic symptoms in the CHR group showed the opposite relationship. The current study suggests that resting-state gamma-band power and altered Glx/GABA ratio indicate changes in E/I-balance parameters across illness stages in ScZ.

scholarly journals Neurophenomenology of Out-of-Body experiences induced by hypnotic suggestions

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrico Facco ◽  
Edoardo Casiglia ◽  
Benedikt Emanuel Al Khafaji ◽  
Francesco Finatti ◽  
Gian Marco Duma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positive Affect ◽  
Multisensory Integration ◽  
Spectral Power ◽  
Gamma Band ◽  
Altered State ◽  
Brain Areas ◽  
Body Experiences ◽  
Gamma Band Activity ◽  
Band Activity ◽  
Hypnotic Suggestions

Inducing out-of-body experiences in hypnosis (H-OBEs) offers an almost unique opportunity to investigate them in a controlled condition.OBEs were induced as imaginative task in resting conditions (I-OBE) or in hypnosis (H-OBE) in 15 high hypnotizable subjects. A 32-channel EEG was recorded and the spectral power and imaginary coherence were calculated. At the end of each session, the Phenomenology of Consciousness Inventory (PCI) was administered to check the phenomenological aspects of their experience.Significantly higher scores in the Altered State, Positive Affect, Altered Experience and Attention subdimensions of the PCI were reported in H-OBE than in I-OBE, which were associated to a significant decrease of power in beta and gamma band activity in right parieto-temporal derivations. Our result suggest that H-OBE may be an appealing model of “true” OBEs, including an alteration of multisensory integration in right parieto-temporal brain areas.

TUO05 High-gamma band activity of primary hand cortical areas: a sensorimotor feedback efficiency index

2008 ◽  
Vol 119 ◽  
pp. S13
Author(s):  
Franca Tecchio ◽  
Filippo Zappasodi ◽  
Camillo Porcaro ◽  
Giulia Barbati ◽  
Giovanni Assenza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Efficiency Index ◽  
Gamma Band ◽  
Cortical Areas ◽  
High Gamma ◽  
Gamma Band Activity ◽  
Band Activity ◽  
Sensorimotor Feedback

scholarly journals Distinct neurophysiological correlates of the fMRI BOLD signal in the hippocampus and neocortex

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul F. Hill ◽  
Sarah E. Seger ◽  
Hye Bin Yoo ◽  
Danielle R. King ◽  
Bradley C. Lega ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Activity ◽  
Blood Oxygen Level Dependent ◽  
Gamma Band ◽  
Bold Signal ◽  
Blood Oxygen Level ◽  
Indirect Measure ◽  
Neural Architecture ◽  
High Gamma ◽  
Gamma Band Activity ◽  
Band Activity

AbstractFunctional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is among the foremost methods for mapping human brain function but provides only an indirect measure of underlying neural activity. Recent findings suggest that the neurophysiological correlates of the fMRI blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) signal might be regionally specific. We examined the neurophysiological correlates of the fMRI BOLD signal in the hippocampus and neocortex, where differences in neural architecture might result in a different relationship between the respective signals. Fifteen human neurosurgical patients (10 female, 5 male) implanted with depth electrodes performed a verbal free recall task while electrophysiological activity was recorded simultaneously from hippocampal and neocortical sites. The same patients subsequently performed a similar version of the task during a later fMRI session. Subsequent memory effects (SMEs) were computed for both imaging modalities as patterns of encoding-related brain activity predictive of later free recall. Linear mixed-effects modelling revealed that the relationship between BOLD and gamma-band SMEs was moderated by the lobar location of the recording site. BOLD and high gamma (70-150 Hz) SMEs positively covaried across much of the neocortex. This relationship was reversed in the hippocampus, where a negative correlation between BOLD and high gamma SMEs was evident. We also observed a negative relationship between BOLD and low gamma (30-70 Hz) SMEs in the medial temporal lobe more broadly. These results suggest that the neurophysiological correlates of the BOLD signal in the hippocampus differ from those observed in the neocortex.Significance StatementThe blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) signal forms the basis of fMRI but provides only an indirect measure of neural activity. Task-related modulation of BOLD signals are typically equated with changes in gamma-band activity; however, relevant empirical evidence comes largely from the neocortex. We examined neurophysiological correlates of the BOLD signal in the hippocampus, where the differing neural architecture might result in a different relationship between the respective signals. We identified a positive relationship between encoding-related changes in BOLD and gamma-band activity in frontal, temporal, and parietal cortex. This effect was reversed in the hippocampus, where BOLD and gamma-band effects negatively covaried. These results suggest regional variability in the transfer function between neural activity and the BOLD signal in the hippocampus and neocortex.

scholarly journals Non-invasive detection of high gamma band activity during motor imagery

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa M. Smith ◽  
Kurt E. Weaver ◽  
Thomas J. Grabowski ◽  
Rajesh P. N. Rao ◽  
Felix Darvas
Keyword(s):  
Motor Imagery ◽  
Gamma Band ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
High Gamma ◽  
Gamma Band Activity ◽  
Band Activity

High-gamma band activity of primary hand cortical areas: A sensorimotor feedback efficiency index

NeuroImage ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 256-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franca Tecchio ◽  
Filippo Zappasodi ◽  
Camillo Porcaro ◽  
Giulia Barbati ◽  
Giovanni Assenza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Efficiency Index ◽  
Gamma Band ◽  
Cortical Areas ◽  
High Gamma ◽  
Gamma Band Activity ◽  
Band Activity ◽  
Sensorimotor Feedback

scholarly journals The Phase of Thalamic Alpha Activity Modulates Cortical Gamma-Band Activity: Evidence from Resting-State MEG Recordings

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (45) ◽  
pp. 17827-17835 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Roux ◽  
M. Wibral ◽  
W. Singer ◽  
J. Aru ◽  
P. J. Uhlhaas
Keyword(s):  
Resting State ◽  
Alpha Activity ◽  
Gamma Band ◽  
Gamma Band Activity ◽  
Band Activity

scholarly journals Painful cutaneous laser stimuli induce event-related gamma-band activity in the lateral thalamus of humans

2015 ◽  
Vol 113 (5) ◽  
pp. 1564-1573 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. Kim ◽  
J. H. Chien ◽  
C. C. Liu ◽  
F. A. Lenz
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Pain ◽  
Gamma Band ◽  
Beta Band ◽  
Gamma Activation ◽  
High Gamma ◽  
Gamma Band Activity ◽  
Cross Frequency Coupling ◽  
Induce Event ◽  
Band Activity ◽  
Deep Brain

Although the thalamus is an important module in “pain networks,” there are few studies of the effect of experimental pain upon thalamic oscillations. We have now examined the hypothesis that, during a series of painful cutaneous laser stimuli, thalamic signals will show stimulus-related gamma-band spectral activity, which is modulated by attention to vs. distraction from the painful stimulus. When the series of laser stimuli was presented, attention was focused by counting the laser stimuli (count laser task), while distraction was produced by counting backward (count back plus laser task). We have studied the effect of a cutaneous laser on thalamic local field potentials and EEG activity during awake procedures (deep brain stimulation implants) for the treatment of essential tremor. At different delays after the stimulus, three low gamma- (30–50 Hz) and two high gamma-band (70–90 Hz) activations were observed during the two tasks. Greater high-gamma activation was found during the count laser task for the earlier window, while greater high-gamma activation was found during the count back plus laser task for the later window. Thalamic signals were coherent with EEG signals in the beta band, which indicated significant synchrony. Thalamic cross-frequency coupling analysis indicated that the phase of the lower frequency activity (theta to beta) modulated the amplitude of the higher frequency activity (low and high gamma) more strongly during the count laser task than during the count back plus laser task. This modulation might result in multiplexed signals each encoding a different aspect of pain.

scholarly journals Spontaneous High-Gamma Band Activity Reflects Functional Organization of Auditory Cortex in the Awake Macaque

Neuron ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 74 (5) ◽  
pp. 899-910 ◽  
Author(s):  
Makoto Fukushima ◽  
Richard C. Saunders ◽  
David A. Leopold ◽  
Mortimer Mishkin ◽  
Bruno B. Averbeck
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Cortex ◽  
Functional Organization ◽  
Gamma Band ◽  
High Gamma ◽  
Gamma Band Activity ◽  
Band Activity
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