scholarly journals Formiddagskino på 1950- og 1960-tallet: En glemt kinokultur fra husmoras glansdager

Nordlit ◽  
2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Marit Myrstad

Artikkelen omhandler det vi langt på vei kan betegne som en glemt kinokultur. Dette at husmødre som målgruppe på 1950- og 1960-tallet strømmet til kinoene over hele landet for å hygge seg med gratis, timelang reklamefinansiert opplysningsfilm laget spesielt med tanke på deres arbeidshverdag og ansvarsområde. Norske husmødre ble fra 1953 til og med 1972 ble invitert til disse filmvisningene som foregikk fortrinnsvis på dagtid. Husmorfilmene introduserte nye produkter som vaskemaskin og dampstrykejern, maling og bonevoks og viste steg for steg hvordan produktene skulle brukes. Nye matvarer og nye oppskrifter og etter hvert halvfabrikata ga innsikt i ulike bruksmåter og nye tips i det daglige matstellet. Produktpresentasjonene ble avløst av rent underholdende innslag hvor tidens mest kjente komikere og artister (Leif Juster, Henki Kolstad, Wenche Myhre, Elisabeth Grannemann m.fl.) henvendte seg til husmødrene med musikalske innslag og komikk som gjorde at latteren runget i salen. De kjente navn bidro også til, sammen med moteoppvisninger og konkurranser, å trekke husmødrene til disse kinovisningene. Husmorfilmene ble vist på kinoer over hele landet og skal i gjennomsnitt ha blitt sett av hver tredje eller fjerde husmor der de ble vist. De norske husmorfilmene var basert på en svensk markedsføringside, og de kan også forstås som en allmennfjernsynskulturs svar på de kommersielle TV-kanalenes formiddagsmagasiner rettet mot samtidas viktigste forbrukere, husmødrene. Artikkelen tar for seg hvordan husmorfilmproduksjonen ble etablert og gjennomført i Norge, legger vekt på hvordan filmene ble distribuert og vist og drøfter hvordan spredte kilder til husmødrenes opplevelser bidrar til å kaste lys over denne spesifikke kinokulturens betydning. This article concerns a largely forgotten cinema culture of the 1950s and 1960s in Norway. From 1953 to 1972, Norwegian housewives were invited to free day-time cinema screenings of ‘housewife films’ once or twice a year. The hour-long housewife film promoted goods and new housework technology, providing instructions for usage as well as demonstrating the benefits of electrical washing machines, modern kitchen design, pre-prepared food and other items for a modern household. These ‘slow’ commercials were combined with sequences where the most popular comedians, actors and musical talents of the time entertained the audience. The sequences contributed to the promotion of the screenings, as did fashion shows before the screening along with competitions offering valuable rewards, food and cleaning product samples. The films were screened throughout the country and were on average attended by every third or fourth married woman. The idea of this marketing strategy towards the households’ main consumer came from Sweden and can be seen as an alternative to the day-time consumer magazines developed within commercial television - both in regard to the financial basis as well as in content and direct address. The article examines how these films were produced, distributed and screened, and discusses existing sources to housewives’ experiences in and around these cinema screenings.

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 252-270
Author(s):  
Amy Sargeant

The article addresses debates around the introduction of commercial television in Britain, conducted in Parliament, lobby groups, the advertising trade press and broader cultural commentary. It notes that the boundaries between these interest groups were porous. The article refers to sample advertisements produced by agencies in anticipation of the 1955 launch of ITV in London and other regions thereafter, setting advertisers' initial caution against the bullishness subsequently checked by the 1962 report of the Pilkington Committee. ‘Americanisation’ is identified as a recurrent theme of anxiety, and advertising as a symptom of it, prompting complaints on both sides of the Atlantic. Many of the production strategies anticipated experimentally in the 1950s are with us still, as are concerns regarding differentiation of advertisements from programme content, advertisements' target audiences and commodities advertised on television. For legislators and advertisers alike, print media provided a model for imitation more often than did cinema. Competition between old and new platforms for advertisements – then as now – is identified as an opportunity for mutual advantage rather than displacement.


2018 ◽  
Vol 176 ◽  
pp. 01014
Author(s):  
Meina Wang

This research focuses on the “Improved Product R&D Project” of Sichuan Chaochen Electric Co., Ltd, analyzing its market status from the life style of its main consumer groups, namely users of the secondary and tertiary markets. Through field observation and in-depth interview methods, the user's daily habits and demands for washing machines are closely looked into. Then the research comes up with some design elements aiming at the low-end markets, and also offers the corresponding specific design proposal. On this basis, it provides new ideas and fresh design methods for the appearance improvements of the secondary and tertiary market washing machines, from angels of external morphology, human-computer interaction and concept trends etc, thus in hopes of being referential to the actual product improvements of the mid-and-low-end washing machine markets.


1992 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 362-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane Furno-Lamude ◽  
James Anderson

Even from the earliest days of commercial television in the 1950s, viewers have been able to pick betweeen first-run or rerun television programs. One way or the other, about half of today's television menu involves rerun material. This survey of viewers finds a number of motivations associated with the viewing of each type of program. For many viewers, nostalgia or pure enjoyment is associated with viewing reruns more than with viewing first run programs. But those with time to kill are more likely to watch first run programs; rerun viewing seems to require more motivation.


Curationis ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Pryde ◽  
M. Muller

The objective of this study is to explore and describe a marketing strategy for a nursing college. An explorative and descriptive research design, within the context of a nursing college and affiliated hospitals, was followed. A literature study of marketing models was undertaken and the Delphi-method was utilised to determine the contribution of marketing staff and the possible content of a marketing strategy for a nursing college. The results were utilised to describe guidelines for such a strategy, consisting of marketers/marketing agents, target market, product, price, promotional activities, place and market research. Recommendations include the planning, implementation and evaluation of strategy, inservice training for potential marketing agents, inclusion of marketing as part of the formal education of tutors and nurse managers,as well as an impact study of the scholar as the main consumer.


Author(s):  
Jennifer A. Delton
Keyword(s):  

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