scholarly journals Linnaean natural history: An eighteenth-century ecology of knowledges

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Andersson Burnett
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Citizen Science ◽  
Keynote Lecture ◽  
English Abstract ◽  
Recorded Lecture

Keynote lecture at the conference "Nature and the Natural in the Eighteenth Century" organized by the Norwegian Society for Eighteenth-Century Studies, 3 February 2021. RECORDED LECTURE: https://septentrio.uit.no/media/AnderssonBurnett_0.mp4 The lecture is in English. Abstract (in Norwegian): Linda Andersson Burnett leder et større forskningsprosjekt som tar for seg Carl von Linnés nettverk av korrespondenter og innsamlere som et eksempel på citizen science, eller «folkeforskning». Linné reiste selv omkring i riket og samlet observasjoner og artseksemplarer, mest berømt er hans Lappländska resa i 1732. Men som professor og anerkjent botaniker ble han mer og mer avhengig av bidrag fra samlere. Dels var det studenter, «linnélärjungar», som reiste rundt i hele verden. Dels var det lekfolk, lokale kontaktpersoner rundt omkring i det svenske riket. Hvem var disse lekfolkene, og hva var det slags natursyn som lå til grunn for deres samleraktivitet? Og ikke minst: Hvordan forholdt de seg til naturfolket lengst nord i det svenske riket, samene? Dette er spørsmål som Andersson Burnett vil belyse i sitt foredrag, «Linnaean natural history: An eighteenth-century ecology of knowledge».

scholarly journals The socionatural 18th century: Connecting culture and climate

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominik Collet
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Keynote Lecture ◽  
English Abstract ◽  
Recorded Lecture ◽  
Environmental Histories ◽  
Culture And Climate

Keynote lecture at the conference "Nature and the Natural in the Eighteenth Century" organized by the Norwegian Society for Eighteenth-Century Studies, 4 February 2021. RECORDED LECTURE: https://septentrio.uit.no/media/Collet_zoom_0.mp4 The lecture is in English. Abstract (in German): Der zweite Keynote ist Dominik Collet. Er ist Klima- und Umwelthistoriker und hat zu mehreren Gesellschaftsaspekten des 18. Jahrhunderts sowie zum Verhältnis von Naturresourcen, Wetterverhältnissen, Kulturpflanzen, öffentlicher Gesundheit und Bevölkerungsentwicklung geforscht. Professor Collet ist Mitglied der Oslo School of Environmental Histories an der Universität Oslo. In seinem letzten Buch über eine bisher wenig beachtete Hungersnot, die Anfang der 1770er Jahre grosse Teile Europas traf, analysiert er die Auswirkungen von drei Jahren mit Ernteausfall auf die sozialen Verhältnisse in verschiedenen Regionen, darunter Skandinavien. Collet bewegt sich dabei von metereologischen Daten, Dendrochronologie und Bevölkerungsstatistik über kulturelle Ausdrucksformen in Kunst und Kultur zu Philosophie und politischer Entwicklung. Abstract (in Norwegian): Dominik Collet er en klima- og miljøhistoriker som har forsket på en rekke aspekter ved 1700-tallets samfunn og på samspillet mellom naturressurser, værforhold, avlinger, folkehelse og befolkningsutvikling. Professor Collet er et sentralt medlem av Oslo School of Environmental Histories ved UiO. I sin seneste bok, om en lite påaktet sultkatastrofe som rammet store deler av Europa på begynnelsen av 1770-tallet, analyserer han effekten tre påfølgende år med svikt i avlinger fikk på sosiale forhold i en rekke regioner, inkludert Skandinavia. Collet beveger seg i sin forskning fra meteorologiske data, dendrokronologi og befolkningsstatistikk via kulturelle uttrykk i kunst- og kulturfeltet, og over til filosofisk tenkning og politikkutvikling. Collets foredrag har tittelen «The socionatural 18th century: Connecting climate and culture».

Natural history books in the library of Dr Richard Richardson

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Edgington
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Natural History ◽  
History Books

During the first decades of the eighteenth century the wealthy Yorkshire naturalist Richard Richardson acquired a large library, particularly strong in natural history, medicine and antiquarianism. Virtually all the natural history component was dispersed before the library was catalogued, so its contents have been unknown. Richardson's unpublished correspondence with Sir Hans Sloane and William Sherard contains many references to his books and shows that they and other leading naturalists were the source of most of them, by donation and purchase. Of about 700 books in natural history that he possessed, 425 have been identified; an Appendix lists 300 of the more significant titles. Comparison is made with other natural history libraries, and the eventual fate of Richardson's is discussed.

Dru Drury, his Illustrations of natural history (1770-82) and the European market for printed books

Quaerendo ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Noblett
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Book Trade ◽  
European Market ◽  
Printed Books ◽  
Book Illustrations ◽  
International Book

AbstractThis study attempts to show how the English entomologist, Dru Drury (1725-1804) exported his only published book, Illustrations of natural history, which appeared in three volumes between 1770 and 1782. Drury used three contacts on the European mainland: the Amsterdam bookseller, Jan Christian Sepp; the German botanist, Paul Dietrich Giseke and the Danish naturalist, Morten Thrane Brunnich. Drury's letters to these three men form the basis of the study. An examination of them reveal some of the problems encountered in the international book-trade in the eighteenth century (such as parcels going missing and the difficulties of payment) and show some of the formalities that had to be undertaken when exporting.

“The pleasure of receiving your favour”

2004 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 313-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen Valle
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
North America ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Atlantic World ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Central Concept

The article deals with correspondence in natural history in the eighteenth century between England and North America. The corpus discussed consists of correspondence between John Bartram and Peter Collinson, and between Alexander Garden and John Ellis. The approach used in the study is qualitative and rhetorical; the main point considered is how the letters construct scientific centre and periphery in the eighteenth-century Atlantic world. A central concept is the “colonial exchange”, whereby “raw materials” from the colonies — in this case plant and animal specimens, along with proposed identifications and names — are exchanged for “finished products”, in this case codified scientific knowledge contained in publications.

‘Promiscuous’ Planting

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-44
Author(s):  
Angma Dey Jhala
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
East India Company ◽  
Border Region ◽  
Swidden Agriculture ◽  
Chittagong Hill Tracts ◽  
History Of ◽  
Hill Tribes

During the eighteenth century, the travelogue flourished as a genre and was used to describe peoples both familiar and unfamiliar to the western observer. Chapter 1 examines one such account, the 1798 travelogue of the Scottish doctor Francis Buchanan in the CHT. In his tour diary, he deployed the language of natural history to describe not only the region’s unusual soil quality, topography, and local jhum or swidden agriculture, but also the religious, cultural, and linguistic practices of the various hill tribes he encountered. In the process, he exposed the tumultuous history of this border region, which found itself at the crossroads of imperial ambition by both the East India Company and the kingdom of Burma. He is also an intriguing example of an Enlightenment era man of science and reason in the Chittagong Hill Tracts.

History of Religion as Critique of Religion?

2021 ◽  
pp. 10-30
Author(s):  
Hans Joas
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Natural History ◽  
David Hume ◽  
Religious Texts ◽  
History Of Religion ◽  
Universal History ◽  
The Bible ◽  
Literary Character ◽  
History Of

The Scottish eighteenth-century philosopher and historian David Hume can be considered a pioneer of the “natural history of religion” in the sense of a universal history of religion that is not based on theological presuppositions. This chapter offers a characterization of his methodological achievements and a reevaluation of his empirical claims concerning monotheism, polytheism, religion and tolerance. It also interprets the German reception of Hume in Herder and other eighteenth-century thinkers as a serious critical continuation that is free from Hume’s anti-Christian motives. This continuation opens the perspective of a serious study of the literary character of religious texts, in this case of the Bible. All simple contrasts between Enlightenment and religion are overcome as soon as we take this interaction of thinkers into account.

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