scholarly journals Subject-verb Agreement in Constructions with Quantifiers in Russian

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Anna Aksenova
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Random Forest ◽  
Number Agreement ◽  
Verb Agreement ◽  
Regression Algorithms ◽  
The Subject

The agreement of subject and predicate in Russian is actually much less trivial than it might seem at first glance. This paper deals with the case when the subject is realized by a combination of a noun with a quantifier. I analyze a set of examples with the words двое, трое, пара, тройка, десяток, сотня, тысяча, миллион and миллиард where there is a variation in predicate number agreement. Using Random Forest, CIT and Logistic Regression algorithms I prove that collective (двое, трое) and non-collective (пара, тройка, десяток, сотня, тысяча, миллион, миллиард) quantifiers exhibit different patterns of agreement. The first group tends to trigger more plural agreement, while for the second one singular agreement is more typical. Moreover, the quantifier phrase position relative to the predicate can also influence the choice of number marker on the verb.

scholarly journals Conceptual effects on agreement: A corpus study of mismatch in English copular constructions

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 3
Author(s):  
Cecily Jill Duffield
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Information ◽  
Corpus Study ◽  
Number Agreement ◽  
Verb Agreement ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Agreement Morphology ◽  
Grammatical Number ◽  
Verb Number ◽  
Conceptual Relationship

Research on the production of subject-verb agreement has focused on the features of the subject rather than the larger construction in which subject-verb agreement is produced or how the conceptual relationship between subjects and predicates may interact in affecting subject-verb agreement patterns. This corpus study describes subject-verb number agreement mismatch in English copular constructions which take the frame of (SEMANTICALLY LIGHT) N + [REL] + COP + (SPECIFIC) PRED NOM, where the copula reflects the grammatical number of the predicate. Results suggest that speakers make use of conceptual information from the entire construction, and not just the subject, when formulating agreement morphology.

Phi-features reloaded: An event-related potential study on person and number agreement processing

2015 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 601-626 ◽  
Author(s):  
ADAM ZAWISZEWSKI ◽  
MIKEL SANTESTEBAN ◽  
ITZIAR LAKA
Keyword(s):  
Linguistic Analysis ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Behavioral Data ◽  
Number Agreement ◽  
Verb Agreement ◽  
Potential Study ◽  
Electrophysiological Responses ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Number Violation ◽  
Grammatical Structures

ABSTRACTLinguistic analysis claims that verb agreement is composed of distinct phi-features such as person and number, but are these different phi-features processed distinctly or similarly? We used a sentence grammaticality task to explore the electrophysiological responses of Basque speakers when processing subject–verb person and number phi-feature agreement violations. We generated grammatical structures (grammatical control) and ungrammatical structures in which the verb disagreed with the subject in person (person violation), in number (number violation), or in both person and number features (person+number violation). Behavioral data revealed that, overall, participants were faster and more accurate detecting person and person+number violations than violations involving only number. Event-related potential responses revealed a N400–P600 pattern for all violation types. Person and person+number violations elicited larger P600 effects than number violations. These findings reveal different costs related to the processing of person and number phi-feature agreement and indicate that these features are distinct components of agreement computation.

Subject–verb agreement in English

1999 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Hudson
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Past Tense ◽  
Standard English ◽  
Semantic Rule ◽  
Standard View ◽  
Number Agreement ◽  
Verb Agreement ◽  
The Subject ◽  
New Feature ◽  
Verb Agreement In English

The paper rejects the standard view according to which every tensed verb in English agrees with its subject in person and number. It argues that person is irrelevant to all verbs except BE, and that past-tense verbs and modals (other than BE) have no number agreement features. It discusses agreement mismatches which reflect the subject's meaning, but rejects the idea that subject–verb agreement may be a semantic rule; it proposes instead a new feature ‘agreement-number’. This extra number feature applies only to the subject of a tensed verb and by default has the same value as the subject's ordinary number, while also allowing various kinds of mismatch (for I and you, and for cases of ‘semantic’ agreement). It also offers analyses of agreement with non-nominal subjects and dummy there, and shows how the analysis for Standard English generalizes easily to a range of variations found in nonstandard dialects. The theoretical basis for the analysis is Word Grammar, whose main advantage is that features are free to be assigned by rule because they are not used in classification.

scholarly journals Model for predicting heart failure using Random Forest and Logistic Regression algorithms

2021 ◽  
Vol 1208 (1) ◽  
pp. 012039
Author(s):  
Vedran Grgić ◽  
Denis Mušić ◽  
Elmir Babović
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Feature Selection ◽  
Random Forest ◽  
Feature Selection Method ◽  
Selection Method ◽  
Random Forest Algorithm ◽  
Regression Algorithms ◽  
Significant Factors

Abstract The paper analyzes the cardiovascular parameters of patients with heart disease. The aim of this study was to predict death in a patient with cardiovascular disease based on 12 parameters, using Random Forest and Logistic Regression algorithms. Parameters were tuned for both algorithms to determine the best settings. The most significant factors in the process predicted were found using the FEATURE SELECTION method of both algorithms. By comparative analysis of the obtained results, the highest accuracy of 90% was obtained using the Random Forest Algorithm.

The nature of variable sensitivity to agreement violations in L2 English

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 115-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masanori Bannai
Keyword(s):  
Number Agreement ◽  
Reading Task ◽  
Verb Agreement ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Intermediate Learners ◽  
Variable Sensitivity ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Verb Number

This study focuses on the nature of variable sensitivity to violations of subject-verb number agreement in L2 English by examining Japanese-speaking learners’ performance in a self-paced reading task. The results of the experiment indicated that the learners were insensitive to agreement violations deriving from omission of 3rd person singular (3sg)-s, but were highly sensitive to violations deriving from overuse of 3sg-s. Their sensitivity to this type of violation, however, turned out to be non-categorical in that it was adversely affected by an adverb intervening between the subject and the verb. These results are interpreted to indicate that intermediate learners’ implementation of subject-verb agreement is not based on Agree operations, but on the Vocabulary entry for /s/ which is sensitive to the condition of the string of co-occurring terminal nodes as proposed by Hawkins and Casillas (2008).

scholarly journals Catastrophic Household Expenditure Associated with Out-of-Pocket Healthcare Payments in Spain

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 932
Author(s):  
Samuel López-López ◽  
Raúl del Pozo-Rubio ◽  
Marta Ortega-Ortega ◽  
Francisco Escribano-Sotos
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Financial Risk ◽  
Household Expenditure ◽  
Financial Protection ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Ordered Logistic Regression ◽  
Out Of Pocket Payments ◽  
The Subject

Background. The financial effect of households’ out-of-pocket payments (OOP) on access and use of health systems has been extensively studied in the literature, especially in emerging or developing countries. However, it has been the subject of little research in European countries, and is almost nonexistent after the financial crisis of 2008. The aim of the work is to analyze the incidence and intensity of financial catastrophism derived from Spanish households’ out-of-pocket payments associated with health care during the period 2008–2015. Methods. The Household Budget Survey was used and catastrophic measures were estimated, classifying the households into those above the threshold of catastrophe versus below. Three ordered logistic regression models and margins effects were estimated. Results. The results reveal that, in 2008, 4.42% of Spanish households dedicated more than 40% of their income to financing out-of-pocket payments in health, with an average annual gap of EUR 259.84 (DE: EUR 2431.55), which in overall terms amounts to EUR 3939.44 million (0.36% of GDP). Conclusion. The findings of this study reveal the existence of catastrophic households resulting from OOP payments associated with health care in Spain and the need to design financial protection policies against the financial risk derived from facing these types of costs.

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