4. Behaviorism as a Philosophy of Psychology

2020 ◽  
pp. 85-103

Between 1946 and 1949 Wittgenstein produced a series of manuscripts, whose contents are published in part as Part II of Philosophical Investigations, and as Remarks on Philosophy of Psychology I and II, and Last Writings I and II. For the most part these read like nightstand diaries (of a sort I ...


Author(s):  
Kenneth Aizawa ◽  
Carl Gillett

This article examines massive multiple realization (MMR) in the context of neurobiology. It highlights the differences in the conception of multiple realization and its methodological implications by researchers in the philosophy of psychology and those in the philosophy of neuroscience. It discusses neurobiological findings about MMR and shows that there is plausibly important individual variation at every physiologically significant level of organization in the nervous system. It explores philosophical concerns about the MMR hypothesis and proposes a framework for realization and multiple realization.


2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 100-108
Author(s):  
V. Mazilov ◽  

The article is dedicated to the centenary of the birth of the famous Russian psychologist M.S. Rogovin. His contribution to the development of many branches of psychological science (pathopsychology and medical psychology, military psychology, cognitive psychology, general psychology, history of psychology, methodology of psychology, etc.) is noted. His contribution to the philosophy of psychology is emphasized, it is noted that his research devoted to the logic of the development of psychological science was of the greatest relevance. The article attempts to highlight the main features of the scientist's scientific style. On the basis of the historical and methodological analysis of the development of world psychological science carried out by M.S. Rogovin, an attempt is made to reconstruct the main provisions of the author's philosophy of psychology. It is noted that the researcher's contribution is unique: in the sixties of the twentieth century, M.S. Rogovin wrote his works, clearly and unequivocally referring to world psychology as a unified science (Soviet psychology, contrary to ideology, was considered by the author not as a new stage in the development of psychology, but in no way more than one of the directions in world science), which has its own patterns and development trends, which were the main subject of his scientific analysis. An analysis is given of M.S. Rogovin's warnings about dangerous trends in the development of psychological science, which are still relevant today. The characteristics of the decisions made by M.S. Rogovin and his students of the most important methodological issues of psychological science are given.


Philosophy ◽  
2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edouard Machery

One of the liveliest debates within cognitive science and the philosophy of psychology concerns the extent to which, and in which sense, the mind is modular. Several different notions of module have been developed over the years, and clarifying the weaker and stronger notions of module is an important, substantial philosophical project. A range of arguments has been conceived to show that modular processes subserve all cognitive competences, some of them, or none of them, and these need to be scrutinized with care. Of particular importance are, first, Fodor’s view that modules subserve only input systems (roughly, our senses) and linguistic systems, while nonmodular, domain-general processes subserve thinking and deciding; and, second, evolutionary psychologists’ massive modularity hypothesis, according to which cognition is modular through and through.


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