scholarly journals Cell wall composition and lignin biosynthetic gene expression along a developmental gradient in an Australian sugarcane cultivar

PeerJ ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. e4141 ◽  
Author(s):  
William P. Bewg ◽  
Heather D. Coleman
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Lignin Biosynthesis ◽  
Cell Wall Composition ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Sugarcane Cultivar ◽  
Developmental Gradient ◽  
Compositional Patterns

Sugarcane bagasse is an abundant source of lignocellulosic material for bioethanol production. Utilisation of bagasse for biofuel production would be environmentally and economically beneficial, but the recalcitrance of lignin continues to provide a challenge. Further understanding of lignin production in specific cultivars will provide a basis for modification of genomes for the production of phenotypes with improved processing characteristics. Here we evaluated the expression profile of lignin biosynthetic genes and the cell wall composition along a developmental gradient in KQ228 sugarcane. The expression levels of nine lignin biosynthesis genes were quantified in five stem sections of increasing maturity and in root tissue. Two distinct expression patterns were seen. The first saw highest gene expression in the youngest tissue, with expression decreasing as tissue matured. The second pattern saw little to no change in transcription levels across the developmental gradient. Cell wall compositional analysis of the stem sections showed total lignin content to be significantly higher in more mature tissue than in the youngest section assessed. There were no changes in structural carbohydrates across developmental sections. These gene expression and cell wall compositional patterns can be used, along with other work in grasses, to inform biotechnological approaches to crop improvement for lignocellulosic biofuel production.

scholarly journals Transcriptomic Analysis of Changes in Gene Expression During Flowering Induction in Sugarcane Under Controlled Photoperiodic Conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Ricardo Vieira Manechini ◽  
Paulo Henrique da Silva Santos ◽  
Elisson Romanel ◽  
Michael dos Santos Brito ◽  
Maximiliano Salles Scarpari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
System Development ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Lignin Biosynthesis ◽  
Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Vegetative Development ◽  
Sugarcane Cultivar

Flowering is of utmost relevance for the agricultural productivity of the sugarcane bioeconomy, but data and knowledge of the genetic mechanisms underlying its photoperiodic induction are still scarce. An understanding of the molecular mechanisms that regulate the transition from vegetative to reproductive growth in sugarcane could provide better control of flowering for breeding. This study aimed to investigate the transcriptome of +1 mature leaves of a sugarcane cultivar subjected to florally inductive and non-inductive photoperiodic treatments to identify gene expression patterns and molecular regulatory modules. We identified 7,083 differentially expressed (DE) genes, of which 5,623 showed significant identity to other plant genes. Functional group analysis showed differential regulation of important metabolic pathways involved in plant development, such as plant hormones (i.e., cytokinin, gibberellin, and abscisic acid), light reactions, and photorespiration. Gene ontology enrichment analysis revealed evidence of upregulated processes and functions related to the response to abiotic stress, photoprotection, photosynthesis, light harvesting, and pigment biosynthesis, whereas important categories related to growth and vegetative development of plants, such as plant organ morphogenesis, shoot system development, macromolecule metabolic process, and lignin biosynthesis, were downregulated. Also, out of 76 sugarcane transcripts considered putative orthologs to flowering genes from other plants (such as Arabidopsis thaliana, Oryza sativa, and Sorghum bicolor), 21 transcripts were DE. Nine DE genes related to flowering and response to photoperiod were analyzed either at mature or spindle leaves at two development stages corresponding to the early stage of induction and inflorescence primordia formation. Finally, we report a set of flowering-induced long non-coding RNAs and describe their level of conservation to other crops, many of which showed expression patterns correlated against those in the functionally grouped gene network.

scholarly journals Secondary cell wall composition and candidate gene expression in developing willow (Salix purpurea) stems

Planta ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 239 (5) ◽  
pp. 1041-1053 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongfang Wan ◽  
Cristina Gritsch ◽  
Theodora Tryfona ◽  
Mike J. Ray ◽  
Ambrose Andongabo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Candidate Gene ◽  
Secondary Cell Wall ◽  
Cell Wall Composition ◽  
Salix Purpurea

scholarly journals The Spatio-Temporal Distribution of Cell Wall-Associated Glycoproteins During Wood Formation in Populus

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tayebeh Abedi ◽  
Romain Castilleux ◽  
Pieter Nibbering ◽  
Totte Niittylä
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Plant Cell ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Plant Cell Wall ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Wood Formation ◽  
Cell Type Specificity ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Ray Cell

Plant cell wall associated hydroxyproline-rich glycoproteins (HRGPs) are involved in several aspects of plant growth and development, including wood formation in trees. HRGPs such as arabinogalactan-proteins (AGPs), extensins (EXTs), and proline rich proteins (PRPs) are important for the development and architecture of plant cell walls. Analysis of publicly available gene expression data revealed that many HRGP encoding genes show tight spatio-temporal expression patterns in the developing wood of Populus that are indicative of specific functions during wood formation. Similar results were obtained for the expression of glycosyl transferases putatively involved in HRGP glycosylation. In situ immunolabelling of transverse wood sections using AGP and EXT antibodies revealed the cell type specificity of different epitopes. In mature wood AGP epitopes were located in xylem ray cell walls, whereas EXT epitopes were specifically observed between neighboring xylem vessels, and on the ray cell side of the vessel walls, likely in association with pits. Molecular mass and glycan analysis of AGPs and EXTs in phloem/cambium, developing xylem, and mature xylem revealed clear differences in glycan structures and size between the tissues. Separation of AGPs by agarose gel electrophoresis and staining with β-D-glucosyl Yariv confirmed the presence of different AGP populations in phloem/cambium and xylem. These results reveal the diverse changes in HRGP-related processes that occur during wood formation at the gene expression and HRGP glycan biosynthesis levels, and relate HRGPs and glycosylation processes to the developmental processes of wood formation.

scholarly journals Cell Wall Composition and Candidate Biosynthesis Gene Expression During Rice Development

2016 ◽  
Vol 57 (10) ◽  
pp. 2058-2075 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fan Lin ◽  
Chithra Manisseri ◽  
Alexandra Fagerström ◽  
Matthew L. Peck ◽  
Miguel E. Vega-Sánchez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Cell Wall Composition ◽  
Biosynthesis Gene
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