scholarly journals A Rapid Diagnosis and Treatment of a Traumatic Aortic Transection: A Case of Survival to the ICU

Cureus ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larissa Dub ◽  
Sherwin Z Thomas ◽  
Nicholas Fusco ◽  
Cherian I Plamoottil ◽  
Latha Ganti
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Diagnosis ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Aortic Transection

scholarly journals Lidocaine: A Local Anesthetic, Its Adverse Effects and Management

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (8) ◽  
pp. 782
Author(s):  
Entaz Bahar ◽  
Hyonok Yoon
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Local Anesthetic ◽  
Local Anesthetics ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Rapid Diagnosis ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Allergic Reactions ◽  
Life Threatening

The most widely used medications in dentistry are local anesthetics (LA), especially lidocaine, and the number of recorded adverse allergic responses, particularly of hazardous responses, is quite low. However, allergic reactions can range from moderate to life-threatening, requiring rapid diagnosis and treatment. This article serves as a review to provide information on LA, their adverse reactions, causes, and management.

Neurosurgical intervention in the diagnosis and treatment of Balamuthia mandrillaris encephalitis

2011 ◽  
Vol 115 (3) ◽  
pp. 636-640 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ludwig Orozco ◽  
William Hanigan ◽  
Majid Khan ◽  
Jonathan Fratkin ◽  
Marcus Lee
Keyword(s):  
Intracranial Hypertension ◽  
Clinical Evidence ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Brain Biopsy ◽  
Rapid Diagnosis ◽  
Clinical Deterioration ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Kidney Donor ◽  
Balamuthia Mandrillaris ◽  
Neurosurgical Intervention

The authors describe the unique presentation of Balamuthia mandrillaris encephalitis in a kidney donor and two recipients. All three patients suffered acute clinical deterioration, with radiological or clinical evidence of intracranial hypertension. Brain autopsy in the donor and an urgent brain biopsy in a recipient established the diagnosis. Firsttier therapy, with mannitol and CSF drainage, successfully treated the intracranial hypertension in both recipients, while administration of a combination of antiamebic drugs was associated with survival in the second recipient. For both recipients, neurosurgical management played a critical role in the rapid diagnosis and treatment of Balamuthia mandrillaris encephalitis.

Mucocutaneous leishmaniasis presenting as facial cellulitis

2005 ◽  
Vol 119 (7) ◽  
pp. 567-569 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rima Clayton ◽  
Sophie Grabczynska
Keyword(s):  
Virulent Strain ◽  
Rapid Diagnosis ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Mucocutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
Intravenous Antibiotics ◽  
Mucous Membranes

We report a case of mucocutaneous leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania viannia braziliensis. Despite several courses of both oral and intravenous antibiotics no improvement was seen. This case highlights the importance of taking a thorough history, including details of recent travel, and considering rarer causes when no improvement with antibiotics is seen. Our patient was infected with a particularly virulent strain and destruction of the mucous membranes is not uncommon. Rapid diagnosis and treatment are therefore crucial.

scholarly journals Examination of Demographic Characteristics of Drug and Corrosive Poisonings, Morbidity and Mortality in Children in terms of Emergency Department and Pediatric Surgery

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cengiz Güney ◽  
Abuzer Coskun
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Rapid Diagnosis ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Accidental Poisoning ◽  
Pharmacological Agents ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Grade 3

Background: Poisoning constitutes an important part of morbidity and mortality among environmental emergencies that can be prevented, frequent in childhood, requiring rapid diagnosis and treatment. This study aimed was to examine the epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic characteristics of drug and corrosive poisonings in terms of children. Materials and Methods: Between January 2010 and December 2018, 1678 patients between the ages of 1-16 who applied to the emergency department with drug and corrosive poisoning were included in the study. The patients were divided into three groups as 1-5, 6-11 and over 12 years of age, and the substances with known pharmacological agents were divided into 10 groups. The Zargar Classification (7) was used to determine the degree of damage caused by corrosive substances in the esophagus. Results: The mean age of the patients was 8.32 ± 3.23 years (1-15 years). The girl/boy ratio of the cases was 1.18 / 1 and 54.3% were girls. 18.9% of the cases were under five years of age, 61% were between 6-11 years and 20% were older than 12 years. 94.6% of the patients were poisoned by drugs and 5.4% of them were poisoned due to non-drug reasons. Accidental poisoning was most commonly seen in children aged 6-11 and suicides were seen in children older than 12 years. It was found that 62.2% of the poisonings were accidental and 37.8% were suicidal. The most common causes of poisoning were analgesics and paracetamol exposure as a pharmacological agent. Mortality was found to be most common in 1-5 years age group and accidental poisonings. Accidental poisoning was common in girls and suicidal poisoning was common in boys. Grade 3 damage was found endoscopically in all of the mortalities due to corrosive substances. Conclusion: It was found that accidental poisoning was observed in children under five years of age, suicides were observed in children older than 12 years and the most important cause of mortality was due to corrosive substances. Cause-specific rapid diagnosis and treatment will contribute to the reduction of morbidity and mortality.

Rapid diagnosis and treatment of mycobacterial keratitis after laser in situ keratomileusis

2003 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 1014-1018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bradley S. Daines ◽  
David T. Vroman ◽  
Helga P. Sandoval ◽  
Lisa L. Steed ◽  
Kerry D. Solomon
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Diagnosis ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Laser In Situ Keratomileusis

Status Epilepticus in Adults: A Review of Diagnosis and Treatment

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Lawson ◽  
Susan Yeager
Keyword(s):  
Status Epilepticus ◽  
Antiepileptic Drugs ◽  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Neuronal Damage ◽  
Rapid Diagnosis ◽  
Frequent Occurrence ◽  
Nonconvulsive Status Epilepticus ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Medical Emergency

Status epilepticus is a medical emergency that requires rapid diagnosis and treatment. Nonconvulsive status epilepticus is frequently underdiagnosed and therefore undertreated, which can lead to permanent neuronal damage resulting in disability or death. Despite the frequent occurrence and morbidity associated with status epilepticus, this topic has received little attention within the literature. A systematic approach to treatment should start with management of airway, breathing, and circulation, followed by administration of benzodiazepines and intravenous antiepileptic drugs, and rapid escalation of therapy to prevent morbidity and mortality. Armed with the information in this article, nurses will have a higher-level understanding of what to do when encountering a patient in status epilepticus.

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