Correlation between Blood Glucose Level in Cord Blood and Capillary Blood of Neonates using Glucometer

ABSTRACTIntroduction: The examination of patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) can be done by reviewing their complaints and through a capillary blood glucose level test to determine the value of their Random Blood Glucose Level. QRMA (Quantum Resonance Magnetic Analyzer) is claimed to be able to check the patient’s bodily condition (including blood glucose) with an accuracy of 85%. The purpose of this study was to verify the validity of the QRMA tool and its accuracy by comparing the results of the anamnesis and the examination conducted using the capillary blood glucose test method.Methods: The research method used was a cross-sectional design. The total sample consisted of 44 respondents in the working area of the Community Health Centers in Yogyakarta with the risk factor being blood sugar level instability. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. The main variable in this study was the value of the blood sugar level measured based on the coefficient value of the QRMA tool and the value of Random Blood Glucose obtained through the capillary blood glucose test.Results: The blood glucose value was not correlated significantly with the coefficient value of QRMA. The value of blood glucose when examined alongside the result of the respondent's anamnesis showed there to be a significant difference. The value of the QRMA coefficient when examined against the results from the history of the respondents showed no significant difference. Linear regression showed that the variables of height, body weight, and IMT had a correlation with the QRMA coefficient value.Conclusion: The QRMA tool was not able to provide a picture of the actual condition of the blood glucose level of the respondents when compared with the results of the anamnesis and the blood glucose value from the capillary blood glucose test. Non-invasive health measurement devices such as QRMA are not used by nurses as a standard for determining the health status of DM patients.

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Gingival Crevicular Blood as a Potential Screening Tool: A Cross Sectional Comparative Study

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17207356 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (20) ◽

pp. 7356

Author(s):

Biagio Rapone ◽

Elisabetta Ferrara ◽

Luigi Santacroce ◽

Skender Topi ◽

Ilaria Converti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Glucose ◽

Blood Glucose Level ◽

Glucose Level ◽

Screening Tool ◽

Capillary Blood ◽

Blood Levels ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Capillary Blood Glucose ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Finger Stick

Background: Diabetes is known to be one of the major global epidemic diseases, significantly associated with mortality and morbidity worldwide, conferring a substantial burden to the health care system. The epidemiological transition of this chronic disease tends to worsen unless preventive health strategies are implemented. Appropriate screening devices and standardized methods are crucial to prevent this potentially inauspicious life condition. Currently, the glucometer is the conventional device employed for blood glucose level determination that outputs the blood glucose reading. Glucometer performed in the dental office may be an important device in screening diabetes, so it can be addressed during a periodontal examination. Because gingival blood is a useful source to detect the glucose level, the focus is placed on the opportunity that might provide valuable diagnostic information. This study aimed to compare gingival crevicular blood with finger-stick blood glucose measurements using a self-monitoring glucometer, to evaluate whether gingival crevicular blood could be an alternative to allow accurate chairside glucose testing. Methods: A cross-sectional comparative study was performed among a 31–67-year-old population. Seventy participants with diagnosed type 2 diabetes and seventy healthy subjects, all with positive bleeding on probing, were enrolled. The gingival crevicular blood was collected using a glucometer to estimate the blood glucose level and compared with finger-stick blood glucose level. Results: The mean capillary blood glucose and gingival crevicular blood levels from all samples were, respectively, 160.42 ± 31.31 mg/dL and 161.64 ± 31.56 mg/dL for diabetic participants and 93.51 ± 10.35 mg/dL and 94.47 ± 9.91 mg/dL for healthy patients. In both groups, the difference between gingival crevicular blood and capillary blood glucose levels was non-significant (P < 0.05). The highly significant correlation between capillary blood glucose and gingival crevicular blood (r = 0.9834 for diabetic patients and r = 0.8153 for healthy participants) in both the groups was found. Conclusions: Gingival crevicular blood test was demonstrated as a feasible and useful primary screening tool test for detecting diabetes and for glucose estimation in non-diabetic patients. Use of gingival crevicular blood for screening is an attractive way of identifying a reasonable option of finger-stick blood glucose measurement under the appropriate circumstances. Rapid assessment may precede diagnostic evaluation in diabetic as well as healthy patients with acute severe bleeding. In addition, gingival crevicular blood levels may be needed to monitor the diabetic output.

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Development of noninvasive procedure for monitoring blood glucose level using gingival crevicular bleeding

Stomatoloski glasnik Srbije ◽

10.2298/sgs1303124g ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 60 (3) ◽

pp. 124-128 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Amit Gupta ◽

Nidhi Gupta ◽

Nitul Jain ◽

Rakesh Garg ◽

Gaurav Atreja ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Glucose ◽

Blood Glucose Level ◽

Glucose Level ◽

Screening Method ◽

Correlation Coefficients ◽

Capillary Blood ◽

Periodontal Pocket ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽

Anterior Teeth

Introduction. Diabetes mellitus (DM) and chronic periodontitis are common chronic diseases in adults. It is usually necessary to provide a sample of capillary blood to measure blood glucose level in diabetics. However, it is possible to obtain blood during periodontal probing without any discomfort. The aim of the study was to evaluate accessibility of chair side noninvasive screening method for blood glucose level in DM during routine periodontal examination. Material and Methods. 15 non diabetics and 15 newly onset type 2 diabetic patients with moderate to severe periodontitis were selected for the study after meeting inclusion and exclusion criteria. Periodontal pocket probing was performed using Williams Graduated periodontal probe. Blood oozing from gingival sulcus of anterior teeth following periodontal pocket probing was collected with a stick of glucose self monitoring device. As control, finger stick capillary blood was taken. Results. Statistically significant correlation was observed between the blood glucose level in gingival crevicular blood (GCB) and peripheral fasting blood (PFB) in diabetic subjects. The mean GCB glucose level in diabetic subjects was 172.27?5.02 mg/dL while mean PFB glucose level was 167.80?8.87 mg/dL. The correlation coefficients for diabetic and non diabetic subjects were r=0.715 and r=0.619, respectively. Conclusion The results suggested that blood oozing during routine periodontal examination may be used for DM screening in dental office without the need for any extra procedure.

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INTRAOPERATIVE GLUCOSE LEVELIN NON-DIABETIC PATIENT UNDERGOING ELECTIVE MAJOR SURGERY UNDER GENERALANAESTHESIA RECEIVING DIFFERENT CRYSTALLOID SOLUTIONS AS MAINTENANCE FLUID (A COMPARISON BETWEEN NS AND RL)

10.36106/ijsr/8532240 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 30-32

Author(s):

Saunak Nath ◽

Niladri Sekhar Mukhopadhyay ◽

Avinab Das

Keyword(s):

Blood Glucose ◽

Blood Glucose Level ◽

Glucose Level ◽

Capillary Blood ◽

Major Surgery ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Capillary Blood Glucose ◽

Glucose Levels ◽

Dence Interval ◽

The Mean

INTRODUCTION: The present study was undertaken to observe the effect of different maintenance uid regimen on intraoperative blood glucose levels in non-diabetic patients undergoing elective major surgery under general anesthesia. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: This study was conducted to observe the effect of different maintenance uids in intraoperative blood glucose levels of non-diabetic patients undergoing elective major non-cardiac surgery under general anesthesia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The present study was conducted in the Department of Anesthesiology of Assam Medical College, Dibrugarh for a period of one year. Hospital based observational study. Patients undergoing elective major surgeries at operation theatres of Department of General Surgery of Assam Medical College & Hospital, Dibrugarh. One (1) year from July 2015 to June 2016. RESULT: The mean difference of capillary blood glucose level between baseline and 1.5 hours after intubation for those procedures lasted that long in Group N was 22.87 mg/dl with a 95% condence interval of 103.83-108.61 while in Group R it was 26.82 mg/dl with a 95% condence interval of 108.41-111.59. The mean difference of capillary blood glucose level between baseline and 2 hours after intubation for those procedures lasted that long in Group N was 34.14 mg/dl with a 95% condence interval of 117.29–117.71 while in Group R it was 34.07 with a 95% condence interval of 116.38–118.12. CONCLUSION: This study we can come to a conclusion that though there is a rising trend in change in intraoperative capillary blood glucose level in both the solutions used perioperatively, yet the mean change in intraoperative capillary blood glucose level in non-diabetic patients undergoing major surgeries under general anaesthesia receiving either 0.9% sodium chloride or Ringer's lactate solutions as maintenance uid perioperatively, is comparable, yet needs larger groups of study

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EVALUATION OF BLOOD GLUCOSE TESTING USING CONTOUR® PLUS GLUCOMETER

INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY ◽

10.24293/ijcpml.v24i3.1340 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 24 (3) ◽

pp. 258

Author(s):

Venny Beauty ◽

Ninik Sukartini

Keyword(s):

Blood Glucose ◽

Blood Glucose Level ◽

Glucose Level ◽

Capillary Blood ◽

Blood Glucose Monitoring ◽

Strong Positive Correlation ◽

Glucose Testing ◽

Accuracy Test ◽

Clinical Accuracy ◽

Error Grid

The use of glucometers has been widely recommended to help patients in controlling their blood glucose level. This study compared the blood glucose level measured by Contour® Plus glucometer and Cobas c501 chemistry analyzer, as the reference method. The study design was cross-sectional and conducted in the Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital in April 2017. Study materials were 120 capillary blood examined by Contour® Plus glucometer and plasma analyzed by Cobas c501 chemistry analyzer. Precision, correlation, accuracy, and clinical accuracy tests were performed based on ISO 15197:2013, using Parkes error grid analysis. Contour® Plus glucometer yielded a CV of 1.56-2.2%, following the recommendation of the American Diabetes Association, of <5%, there was a strong positive correlation between the glucose level of capillary blood and plasma (r=0.997). Accuracy test based on ISO 15197:2013 showed that 100% of capillary blood glucose deviations were within the ±15 mg/dL range for glucose level <100 mg/dL and ±15% range for glucose level ≥100 mg/dL. Clinical accuracy test with Parkes error grid showed 100% of results were in zone A. Contour® Plus glucometer test results met the ISO 15197:2013 criteria, so the results were proportional to the reference method’s results and clinically acceptable. Contour® Plus glucometer is safe to be used in blood glucose monitoring, as long as careful attention is given to the device specifications.

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Influence of Preoperative Fasting Time on Maternal and Neonatal Blood Glucose Level in Elective Caesarean Section under Subarachnoid Block

Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh ◽

10.3329/jafmc.v6i2.7269 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 21-24 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M Tauhid-Ul-Mulk ◽

SMF Rahman ◽

NP Ali ◽

M Haque ◽

MRA Chaudhary

Keyword(s):

Blood Glucose ◽

Caesarean Section ◽

Blood Glucose Level ◽

Cord Blood ◽

Glucose Level ◽

Elective Caesarean Section ◽

Maternal Blood ◽

Fasting Time ◽

Neonatal Blood ◽

Cord Blood Glucose

Introduction: Pre-operative fasting period is poorly monitored in developing countries though it may lead to critical consequences especially in the parturient women and their neonates.Objective: In this prospective randomized study, conducted over a period of six months, influences of pre-operative fasting time on maternal and neonatal blood glucose level in elective caesarean section under sub-arachnoid block was observed.Methods: Three equally sized (n=20) groups with different pre-operative fasting period (Group A: 4 hours, Group B: 6 hours and Group C: 7.9±1.15 hours) were taken into consideration. Maternal blood glucose level was measured on day before operation (as baseline), on day of surgery before starting infusion and just after baby delivery. Neonatal umbilical cord blood glucose just after delivery was also measured by strip method.Results: Baseline blood glucose level of group C mother was 5.41±0.43 mmol/L, whereas glucose level before starting infusion and just after deliver was 4.46±0.45 mmol/L and 4.60±0.39 mmol/L respectively. In group A and group B, these changes were not significant (p>0.05). There was marked reduction in maternal blood glucose level in group C (p<0.001). Neonatal blood glucose level was reduced in all three groups as compared to placental circulation concept (70-80% of placental flow). No mother or neonate showed critical hypoglycaemia (in mother <4.0 mmol/L and in neonate <2.5 mmol/L). Highly significant inverse correlation was observed between maternal fasting time and blood glucose before starting infusion (r= 0.706, p <0.001), and maternal blood glucose and neonatal cord blood glucose level (r= -0.937, p <0.001).Conclusion: Though, no significant correlation could be detected between maternal fasting time and neonatal blood glucose level (r= -0.196, p >0.05) neonatal blood glucose level was reduced in group C.Key words: Pre-operative fasting time; caesarean section; sub-arachnoid block; neonatal cord blood glucose DOI: 10.3329/jafmc.v6i2.7269JAFMC Bangladesh. Vol 6, No 2 (December) 2010 pp.21-24

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A Study on the Correlation between Cord Blood Glucose Level and the Apgar Score

JOURNAL FOR CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH ◽

10.7860/jcdr/2013/4942.2754 ◽

2013 ◽

Author(s):

Kalyan Khan

Keyword(s):

Blood Glucose ◽

Blood Glucose Level ◽

Cord Blood ◽

Glucose Level ◽

Apgar Score ◽

Cord Blood Glucose

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Study of Correlation between APGAR Scoreand Cord Blood Glucose Level of Neonates at Tertiary Care Hospital

Asian Journal of Clinical Pediatrics and Neonatology ◽

10.47009/ajcpn.2020.8.1.9 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 37-40

Author(s):

Karthik S ◽

Preethi R M ◽

Kumar G V

Keyword(s):

Blood Glucose ◽

Blood Glucose Level ◽

Cord Blood ◽

Blood Sugar ◽

Glucose Level ◽

Apgar Score ◽

Apgar Scores ◽

The Mean ◽

Sugar Levels ◽

Cord Blood Glucose

Background: Cord blood biochemical parameter reflects the status of neonate. APGAR score following birth is used for evaluation of the neonate. There is limited data regarding the correlation between APGAR score and cord blood sugar levels.Subjects and Methods:Glucose Oxidase Peroxidase method was used for measuring cord blood sugar levels of 250 randomly selected consecutive samples. At 1 minute and 5 minutes of life the APGAR scores of the newborns were assessed by a single person in order to avoid subjective variability. The collected data was analyzed using the SPSS software. Mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus and overt diabetes were excluded from the study. Result:The mean age of the mothers in the study population was 22.86 years ± 3.465(SD). The mean blood glucose level in the maternal blood was 88.16 mg/dl ± 10.675(SD). The vaginal deliveries were 60.6% and Lower Uterine Caesarean Sections were 39.4 %. The cord blood glucose level had a mean value of 92.48 mg/dl ±21.005 (SD). The mean APGAR scores after 1 minute and 5 minutes of birth were found to be 4.82 ± 1.42(SD) and 7.01 ±1.68 (SD) respectively. Conclusion:The study showed no correlation with cord blood sugar levels and APGAR scores calculated at 1 minute and 5 minutes of life. The study found that neonates were free from complications if the cord blood sugar levels were around 87 mg/dl.

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