Determinants of drink-driving and association between drink-driving and road traffic fatalities in Ghana

Damsere-Derry, J., Afukaar, F., Palk, G., & King, M. (2014). Determinants of drink-driving and association between drink-driving and road traffic fatalities in Ghana. The International Journal Of Alcohol And Drug Research, 3(2), 135-141. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.7895/ijadr.v3i2.135Aims: The objective is to establish determinants of drink-driving and its association with traffic crashes in Ghana.Methods: A multivariable logistic regression was used to establish significant determinants of drink-driving, and a bivariate logistic regression to establish the association between drink-driving and road traffic crashes in Ghana.Results: In total, 2,736 motorists were randomly stopped for breath testing, of whom 8.7% tested positive for alcohol. Among the total participants, 5.5% exceeded the legal BAC limit of 0.08%. Formal education is associated with a reduced likelihood of drink-driving compared with drivers without formal education. The propensity to drink-drive is 1.8 times higher among illiterate drivers than it is among drivers with basic education. Young adult drivers also recorded elevated likelihoods for driving under alcohol impairment, compared with adult drivers. The odds of drink-driving among truck drivers is OR = 1.81 (95% CI = 1.16 to 2.82) and two-wheeler riders is OR = 1.41 (95% CI = 0.47 to 4.28) compared with car drivers. Contrary to general perception, commercial car drivers have a significant reduced likelihood of 41%, OR = 0.59 (95% CI = 0.38 to 0.92) compared with private car drivers. Bivariate analysis conducted showed a significant association between the proportion of drivers exceeding the legal BAC limit and road traffic fatalities (p < 0.001). The model predicts that a 1% increase in the proportion of drivers exceeding the legal BAC will be associated with a 4% increase in road traffic fatalities (95% CI = 3% to 5%) and vice versa.Conclusions: A positive and significant association between roadside alcohol prevalence and road traffic fatality has been established. Scaling up roadside breath tests, determining standard drink (e.g., any drink which contains about 10 grams of absolute alcohol) and disseminating this information to the populace, and formulating policies targeting youth (such as increasing minimum legal drinking age and reducing the legal BAC limit for youth and novice drivers) might reduce drink-driving related crashes in Ghana.

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An epidemiological survey on road traffic crashes in Iran: application of the two logistic regression models

International Journal of Injury Control and Safety Promotion ◽

10.1080/17457300.2012.762027 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 21 (2) ◽

pp. 103-109 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Mahmood Bakhtiyari ◽

Mohammad Reza Mehmandar ◽

Babak Mirbagheri ◽

Gholam Reza Hariri ◽

Ali Delpisheh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Regression Models ◽

Road Traffic ◽

Epidemiological Survey ◽

Traffic Crashes ◽

Road Traffic Crashes ◽

Logistic Regression Models

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Pediatric Traffic Injuries on Halloween in the United Kingdom: Prevalence and Injury Severity

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18179093 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (17) ◽

pp. 9093

Author(s):

Li-Min Hsu ◽

Bayu Satria Wiratama ◽

Ping-Ling Chen ◽

Wafaa Saleh ◽

Hui-An Lin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Logistic Regression Model ◽

Injury Severity ◽

Road Traffic ◽

Traffic Crashes ◽

Road Traffic Crashes ◽

The United Kingdom ◽

Study Results ◽

Public Holidays

The study results serve as a reminder for parents, children, and drivers to be alert to the danger of traffic crashes on Halloween. The aim of this study was to examine whether Halloween is associated with a higher incidence of traffic injuries and whether traffic injuries sustained on Halloween are more severe than those sustained on other days. The U.K. STATS19 database, including the data of all road traffic crashes occurring from 1990 to 2017, was employed. A total of 73,587 pediatric traffic casualties (involving pedestrians, cyclists, and moped riders) were included. Between 17:00 and 19:00 (17:00~18:59) on Halloween, the number of casualties was higher than that on other public holidays and usual days. The logistic regression model revealed that, between 17:00 and 18:00 (17:00~17:59), the risk of being killed or seriously injured on Halloween was 34.2% higher (odds ratio = 1.342; 95% CI = 1.065–1.692) than that on other days. Pediatric crashes occurring on Halloween are associated with a higher number of injuries and increased injury severity.

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Red light cameras for the prevention of road traffic crashes

10.1002/14651858.cd003862 ◽

2002 ◽

Author(s):

A Aeron-Thomas

Keyword(s):

Road Traffic ◽

Red Light ◽

Traffic Crashes ◽

Road Traffic Crashes ◽

Red Light Cameras

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Collaborative research and knowledge translation on road crashes in Burkina Faso: the police perspective 18 months on

Health Research Policy and Systems ◽

10.1186/s12961-020-00654-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Christian Dagenais ◽

Michelle Proulx ◽

Esther Mc Sween-Cadieux ◽

Aude Nikiema ◽

Emmanuel Bonnet ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Knowledge Translation ◽

Burkina Faso ◽

Road Traffic ◽

Research Data ◽

Road Traffic Crash ◽

Research Project ◽

Traffic Crashes ◽

Road Traffic Crashes ◽

Road Crashes

AbstractIn this commentary, we present a follow-up of two articles published in 2017 and 2018 about road traffic crashes, which is an important public health issue in Africa and Burkina Faso. The first article reported on a research project, conducted in partnership with local actors involved in road safety, carried out in Ouagadougou in 2015. Its aim was to test the effectiveness, acceptability, and capacity of a surveillance system to assess the number of road traffic crashes and their consequences on the health of crash victims. Several knowledge translation activities were carried out to maximize its impact and were reported in the 2018 article published in HRPS: monthly reports presenting the research data, large-format printed maps distributed to the city’s police stations, and a deliberative workshop held at the end of the research project. The present commentary presents our efforts to deepen our understanding of the impacts of the knowledge translation strategy, based on follow-up interviews, 18 months after the workshop, with the heads of the road traffic crash units in Ouagadougou police stations (n = 5). Several benefits were reported by respondents. Their involvement in the process prompted them to broaden their knowledge of other ways of dealing with the issue of road crashes. This led them, sometimes with their colleagues, to intervene differently: more rapid response at collision sites, increased surveillance of dangerous intersections, user awareness-raising on the importance of the highway code, etc. However, sustaining these actions over the longer term has proven difficult. Several lessons were derived from this experience, regarding the importance of producing useful and locally applicable research data, of ensuring the acceptability of the technologies used for data collection, of using collaborative approaches in research and knowledge translation, of ensuring the visibility of actions undertaken by actors in the field, and of involving decision-makers in the research process to maximize its impacts.

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Lived experiences of inter-urban commercial bus drivers involved in road traffic crashes in Central Region, Ghana

Urban Planning and Transport Research ◽

10.1080/21650020.2018.1545601 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 81-94 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Thomas Ojo ◽

William Agyemang ◽

Francis Afukaar

Keyword(s):

Central Region ◽

Lived Experiences ◽

Road Traffic ◽

Bus Drivers ◽

Traffic Crashes ◽

Road Traffic Crashes

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Dominant role of drivers’ attitude in prevention of road traffic crashes: A study on knowledge, attitude, and practice of drivers in Iran

Accident Analysis & Prevention ◽

10.1016/j.aap.2014.01.013 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 66 ◽

pp. 36-42 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Ramazan Mirzaei ◽

Nima Hafezi-Nejad ◽

Mohammad Sadegh Sabagh ◽

Alireza Ansari Moghaddam ◽

Vahid Eslami ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Road Traffic ◽

Dominant Role ◽

Traffic Crashes ◽

Road Traffic Crashes ◽

Attitude And Practice ◽

Knowledge Attitude And Practice

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OPTIMISING ROAD LIGHTING TO REDUCE ROAD TRAFFIC CRASHES

10.25039/x48.2021.op32 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

C.J. Robbins ◽

S. Fotios ◽

J. Uttley ◽

R. Rowe

Keyword(s):

High Speed ◽

Road Traffic ◽

Cost Benefit ◽

Light Level ◽

Traffic Crashes ◽

Road Traffic Crashes ◽

Road Lighting ◽

Road Users ◽

Ambient Light Level ◽

Vulnerable Road Users

Pedestrians and motorcyclists are vulnerable road users, being over represented in road traffic collisions (RTCs). One assumed benefit of road lighting is a reduction in RTCs after dark by countering the impairment to the visual detection of hazards that occur after dark. One way to optimise the use of road lighting is to light only those sections of road where light level, and hence visibility, is an important factor. The current study used change in ambient light level on RTCs to investigate those situations where improved vision is likely to have significant impact, and therefore the situations where road lighting is of better cost-benefit effectiveness. For both motorcyclist and pedestrian RTCs there was a significant increase in overall RTC risk in darkness compared to daylight, indicating that there may be an overall benefit of road lighting. While darkness was a particular detriment at junctions for motorcyclists and on high-speed roads for pedestrians, road lighting may not be effective mitigation in either case and therefore alternative ways of increasing conspicuity should be considered.

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Status of Road Safety in the Region of the Americas

10.37774/9789275120868 ◽

2019 ◽

Keyword(s):

Dominican Republic ◽

Road Safety ◽

Best Practice ◽

Safety Management ◽

Road Traffic ◽

Sustainable Development Goal ◽

Traffic Crashes ◽

Road Traffic Crashes ◽

The Sustainable Development ◽

Child Restraint

In the three years since the last road safety report was issued, the number of road traffic deaths has continued to increase throughout the Americas, reaching 154,997 deaths in 2016 (latest year of available data). However, the death rate from road traffic crashes has remained stable (15.6 per 100,000 population in 2016 as compared to 15.9 per 100,000 population in 2013). Data presented in this report show that aspects of road safety management, legislation, and post-crash care have improved in some countries. However, the improvements have been modest and it is clear that the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) target 3.6, to halve road traffic deaths by 2020, will not be achieved... Since 2014, more countries in the Region have implemented road safety legislation. Two additional countries, the Dominican Republic and Uruguay, established laws on drink-driving based on best practice, bringing the total to eight countries. Ecuador implemented legislation on helmet use (resulting in a total of seven countries), Dominican Republic implemented legislation on seat-belts (19 countries in total), while Chile implemented child restraint laws (two countries in total). However, no new speed laws have been enacted in the Region. Overall, four countries (Chile, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, and Uruguay) have amended their laws regarding one or more road safety risk factors to bring them in line with best practice. Despite these legislative developments, enforcement remains a major challenge in most countries...

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