scholarly journals PETROLEUM AND ANTHROPOGENIC INFLUENCE ON THE COMPOSITION OF SEDIMENTS FROM THE SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA BIGHT1

1977 ◽  
Vol 1977 (1) ◽  
pp. 183-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. E. Reed ◽  
I. R. Kaplan ◽  
M. Sandstrom ◽  
P. Mankiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Southern California ◽  
Southern California Bight ◽  
Intertidal Sediment ◽  
Industrial Chemicals ◽  
Polyphenyl Ether ◽  
Oil Seeps ◽  
California Borderland ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
High Concentrations

ABSTRACT Low to high concentrations of petroleum hydrocarbons and industrial chemicals (polyphenyl ether, polychlorinated biphenyls, DDE; phthalates, adipates) have been detected in nearly all benthic and sandy intertidal sediment samples collected from the Southern California borderland. Low levels of petroleum contamination in combination with recent biogenic contributions were interpreted primarily on the basis of fully-saturated cycloalkanes in the absence of cyclic alkenes, the presence of a gas chromatographically-unresolved baseline envelope, and the presence of an homologous series of alkyl aromatic hydrocarbons. The inner basins of the Southern California Bight exhibit higher concentrations of weathered petroleum than either the farther offshore basins, or the sandy intertidal zone. Near Tanner-Cortez banks and in the San Nicolas Basin, sediments appear to contain unweathered petroleum and high levels of anthropogenic chemicals. The possible sources of hydrocarbons found in the Southern California borderland sediments, in addition to shipping losses and harbor traffic, include municipal and industrial waste waters, as well as previously-undetected submarine oil seeps, submarine chemical dumps, and geochemically-mature, organic-rich Tertiary shales.

scholarly journals Four-year survey of dissolved/dispersed petroleum hydrocarbons on surface waters of Admiralty Bay, King George Island, Antarctica

2003 ◽  
Vol 51 (unico) ◽  
pp. 33-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Márcia Caruso Bícego ◽  
Eliete Zanardi-Lamardo ◽  
Rolf Roland Weber
Keyword(s):  
Surface Waters ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Oil Contamination ◽  
King George Island ◽  
Admiralty Bay ◽  
Spatial Changes ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
High Concentrations

Seawater from 8 stations in Admiralty Bay was systematically sampled during the summer of 1994, 1995, 1996 and 1997 and analyzed by spectrofluorimetry to measure dissolved/dispersed petroleum hydrocarbons (DDPHs). The purpose of this study was to detect some temporal and spatial changes in terms of oil contamination of the region. The results indicate low levels of oil pollution with relatively high concentrations near the research stations located in the study area. During the summers of 1995 and 1996 the average concentrations for individual stations were low and below of 0.50 ¼g.L-1. Summers of 1994 and 1997 had relatively higher average concentrations (up to 1.57 ¼g.L-1), mainly in front of Arctowski and Ferraz Research Stations.

Modeling of Habitat and Foraging Behavior of Beaked Whales in the Southern California Bight

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Baumann-Pickering ◽  
John A. Hildebrand ◽  
Tina Yack ◽  
Jeffrey E. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Foraging Behavior ◽  
Southern California ◽  
Southern California Bight ◽  
Beaked Whales

Trihalomethane Formation Potential and Disinfection

1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 185-202
Author(s):  
C.R. Erland Jansson
Keyword(s):  
Hydroxyl Radicals ◽  
Giardia Lamblia ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Formation Potential ◽  
Trihalomethane Formation Potential ◽  
Resistant Species ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Operational Data ◽  
Surface Water Supply

Abstract The UVOX process was developed to reduce the high concentrations of trihalomethanes, a potentially hazardous disinfection by-product found in a surface water supply for a community in northeastern Saskatchewan. Pilot plant tests were conducted at a throughput of 1.25 l/s utilizing UV to produce hydroxyl radicals from photolysis of H2O2 with air cooled UV units. These tests continued through 1985 andl986 to provide operational data for all seasons of the year. Test results indicated that the UVOX process was effective in reducing trihalomethane formation potential to very low levels. Recent concerns have also centred on the biocidal effectivenesss of disinfectants, particularly when applied to inactivation of resistant species of microogranisms, such as the cysts of Giardia lamblia. The UVOX process in a single pass configuration slightly enhanced the ability of UV to inactivate Giardia cysts.

Growth responses of periphyton and chironomids exposed to biologically treated bleached kraft pulp mill effluent

1997 ◽  
Vol 35 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 339-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. G. Dubé ◽  
J. M. Culp
Keyword(s):  
Kraft Pulp ◽  
Pulp Mill ◽  
Pulp Mill Effluent ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Wood Extractives ◽  
Kraft Pulp Mill ◽  
Bleached Kraft Pulp ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
High Concentrations

Experiments were conducted in artificial streams to determine the effects of increasing concentrations of biologically treated bleached kraft pulp mill effluent (BKPME) on periphyton and chironomid growth in the Thompson River, British Columbia. Periphyton growth, as determined by increases in chlorophyll a, was significantly stimulated at all effluent concentrations tested (0.25%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 5.0% and, 10.0%). Chironomid growth (individual weight) was also significantly stimulated at low effluent concentrations (≤1.0%). At higher concentrations (5.0% and 10.0%), chironomid growth was inhibited relative to the 1.0% treatment streams. Increases in growth were attributed to the effects of nutrient and organic enrichment from BKPME. The effluent contained high concentrations of phosphorus and appears to be an important source of carbon for benthic insects grazing on the biofilm. In high concentration effluent streams, chironomid growth decreased despite low levels of typical pulp mill contaminants. This suggests that other compounds in the effluent, such as wood extractives, may be inhibiting chironomid growth. These results support findings of field monitoring studies conducted in the Thompson River where changes in periphyton and chironomid abundance occurred downstream of the bleached kraft pulp mill.

scholarly journals Effect of Maritime Traffic on Water Quality Parameters in Santa Marta, Colombia

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 474
Author(s):  
René Rodríguez-Grimón ◽  
Nestor Hernando Campos ◽  
Ítalo Braga Castro
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Water Quality Parameters ◽  
Maritime Traffic ◽  
Natural Park ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Multiple Chemical

Since 2013, there has been an increase (>23%) in naval traffic using maritime routes and ports on the coastal fringe of Santa Marta, Colombia. Of major concern, and described by several studies, is the relationship between maritime traffic and coastal contamination. This study proposed a maritime traffic indicator considering the simultaneous effects of several relevant measurements of water quality parameters to estimate the impact of naval activity. The approach involved developing a model including the number of vessels, hull length, and permanence time in berths. In addition, water quality variables, considering climatic seasons, were used to verify association with maritime traffic and touristic activities. The high concentrations of total coliforms (TC) and dissolved/dispersed petroleum hydrocarbons in chrysene equivalents (DDPH) reported by the International Marina of Santa Marta (SM) were affected by the local anthropic activities, including tourism, naval traffic, and urban wastewater discharges. Moreover, our results suggest the occurrence of multiple chemical impacts within Tayrona National Natural Park (PNNT) affecting conservation goals. The estimation of the maritime traffic indicator proposed in this study may be an easy and more complete tool for future studies evaluating the impact of naval activities on environmental quality.

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