COMPARATIVE TOXICITY OF TWO OIL TYPES AND TWO DISPERSANTS ON THE GROWTH OF A SEASHORE GRASS, PASPALUM VAGINATUM(SWARTZ)

ABSTRACT The present study consists of assessing the effects of Abura heavy crude petroleum oil (AC) and Oredo light crude petroleum oil (OC) on the survival of Paspalum vaginatum. The effectiveness of two dispersants, Goldcrew and Corexit 9527, in removing oil from P. vaginatum previously sprayed with either Abura of Oredo crude petroleum oil was assessed, the effect of time of dispersant application following crude oil pollution on growth and survival of P. vaginatum was also studied. Plants treated with AC recovered after 8 days while 100% mortality was recorded for plants treated with OC + Corexit 9527 (O24C0 and O48C0). Corexit 9527 was not effective in ameliorating the lethal effects of Oredo crude oil. Although, P. vaginatum recovery was apparent 70 days after AC pollution and after cleaning with Goldcrew (A24GCand A48GC), both treatments resulted in significant (P <0.05) lower biomass and stem density compared to control. It is concluded that plants cleaned with Goldcrew dispersant after 24 h recovered faster than those cleaned after 48 h. Exposure of P. vaginatum to light crude oil or light crude oil + Corexit 9527 is detrimental and can inhibit growth where as it will recover when exposed to heavy crude oil or heavy crude oil + Goldcrew.

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Variations of Structural and Functional Traits of Azolla pinnata R. Br. in Response to Crude Oil Pollution in Arid Regions

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13042142 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 2142

Author(s):

Aya A. Mostafa ◽

Rehab M. Hafez ◽

Ahmad K. Hegazy ◽

Azza M. Abd-El Fattah ◽

Nermen H. Mohamed ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Crude Oil ◽

Functional Traits ◽

Oil Pollution ◽

Plant Cover ◽

Carotenoid Content ◽

Treatment Level ◽

Azolla Pinnata ◽

Crude Petroleum ◽

Crude Oil Pollution ◽

Petroleum Oil

In oil-producing countries, water pollution by crude petroleum oil frequently occurs and causes many environmental problems. This study aims to investigate the effect of crude petroleum oil on the growth and functional trails of the economically important freshwater plant Azolla pinnata R. Br. and to report on the plant’s resistance to this abiotic stress. Plants were raised in an open greenhouse experiment under different levels of crude oil pollution ranging from 0.5 to 2.0 g/L. Plant functional traits were monitored over a three-week period. Plant cover of A. pinnata was decreased with the increased levels of oil pollution. The total chlorophyll content decreased from 0.76 mg/g fresh weight under 2 g/L oil treatment after 21 days of growth. The chlorophyll a/b ratio exceeded the unity at crude oil treatments above 1 g/L, with values reaching 2.78 after seven days, while after 21 days, the ratio ranged from 1.14 to 1.31. The carotenoid content ranged from 0.17 mg/g in the control to 0.11 mg/g in the 2 g/L oil treatment. The carotenoid content varied over time in relation to DNA% damage, which increased from 3.63% in the control to 11.36% in the highest oil treatment level of 2 g/L. The crude oil stress caused severe damage in the frond tissues and chloroplast structure of A. pinnata, including a less compacted palisade, the malformation of the epidermis, the disintegration of parenchyma tissue, and the lysis and malformation of the chloroplasts. Since A. pinnata cannot withstand high concentrations of crude oil pollution, it is for use in the remediation of slightly polluted freshwaters up to 0.5 g/L.

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Research on the Isolation, Identification and Degradation Characteristics of Two Hydrocarbon Degrading Strain

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.522-524.322 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 522-524 ◽

pp. 322-325

Author(s):

Fang Mei Wang ◽

Tian Tian Sun ◽

Sheng Ke Zhao ◽

Bo Yi Lv ◽

Jin Biao Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Crude Oil ◽

Bohai Sea ◽

Heavy Crude Oil ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Light Crude Oil ◽

Shengli Oilfield ◽

Sea Bed ◽

Degradation Rates ◽

Mixed Bacteria ◽

Heavy Crude

Through batch-enrichments from contaminated sea-bed mud in Bohai sea we have isolated and characterized two bacterial strains named T7-2 and T7-7 that can better use hydrocarbons as a source of carbon and energy at 15°C than others. The mixed bacteria was used to degraded diesel oilGudao light crude oil from Shengli Oilfield and Guan 69-8 heavy crude oil from Dagang Oilfield then the degradation rates were 81.11%, 97.05% and 61.08%.

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Green Synthesis of Hydrophobic Magnetite Nanoparticles Coated with Plant Extract and Their Application as Petroleum Oil Spill Collectors

Nanomaterials ◽

10.3390/nano8100855 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (10) ◽

pp. 855 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Mahmood Abdullah ◽

Ayman Atta ◽

Hamad Allohedan ◽

Hamad Alkhathlan ◽

M. Khan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Crude Oil ◽

Magnetite Nanoparticles ◽

Oil Spills ◽

Chloroform Extract ◽

Heavy Crude Oil ◽

X Ray ◽

Heavy Crude ◽

Surface Modified ◽

Fine Tune ◽

Petroleum Oil

In this study, an easy, rapid and eco-friendly method was used successfully to synthesize the magnetite nanoparticles (MNPs). In order to fine-tune the synthesized MNPs for the collection of heavy crude oil spills, the particles’ surface was modified with green hydrophobic biocomponents that were extracted from Anthemis pseudocotula (AP). The surface modified reaction carried with that of the MNPs in the presence of n-hexane extract (APH) resulted in the formation of APH-MNPs, while in the presence of chloroform extract (APC), resulted in APC-MNPs formation. The as-formed MNPs were thoroughly characterized using transmittance electron microscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, vibrating sample magnetometer and thermogravimetric analysis. The efficiency of the surface-modified MNPs for the collection of oil spills in the presence of an external magnetic field was evaluated by taking different ratios of MNPs:crude oil. From the analysis of the results, we found that the APH-MNPs particles have higher efficiency in the collection of heavy crude oil than the corresponding APC-MNPs.

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