Arctic transmission oil

The tasks of the development of the Far North, the Arctic and the Antarctic require ensuring the operability of equipment units in low temperatures. To solve this problem, it is necessary to develop lubricants using new synthetic oils, a distinctive feature of which are low pour points. On the basis of polyethylsiloxane fluid and petroleum oil, we have developed a gear oil for the Arctic latitudes, which is efficient at temperatures down to -75 ° C (TMarktic). It is shown TMarktic’s antifriction properties are better than those of TSgip helicopter tail gear oil. The combined use of XPS and IR-Fourier methods for the analysis of the friction surface made it possible to conclude that the formation of the boundary film involves both antiwear additive molecules, which are part of the modified oil, due to the P-O, P=O, S=O bonds, so and molecules of polyethylsiloxane liquid due to C-O and Si-O bonds. Secondary surface structures are formed by TMarctic oil on the surface of iron oxide and include hydrocarbon and siloxane fragments. The high antiwear and extreme pressure properties of TMarktic are due to free sulfur and bound in iron sulfide.

Presence of Hydrocarbon Degrading Bacteria in Contaminated Soil Collected From Various Fuel Station in Bhilai, Chhattisgarh

In this study, we isolated seven strains (termed BY1–7) from polluted soil at an oil station and evaluated their abilities to degrade total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs). Among 45 bacterial colonies one bacterial strain was identified based on the cultural, morphological and biochemical characteristics. The isolated bacterium was then subjected to a preliminary assessment of their crude oil after 48 hours of incubation on nutrient agar plates overlaid with 100 ML of petroleum crude oil, the zone of clearance was observed. The isolated bacteria showed 35% petrol degradation, whereas a relatively high oil degradation rate, almost 40% was observed when the bacterium was acclimatized. The selected bacterial strains crude oil resistance was analysed based on the growth ability on the crude oil containing mediums. This strain was identified as Brevibacterium brevis. After inoculation, growth ability was measured and the highest percentage of petrol degradation occurred at temperature 37 °C with the value 30.8%. Bacteria displaying such capabilities are often exploited for the bio-remediation of petroleum oil contaminated environments. Recently, microbial remediation technology has developed rapidly and achieved major gains. However, this technology is not omnipotent. It is affected by many environmental factors that hinder its practical application, limiting the large-scale application of the technology. Keywords: Petroleum hydrocarbon-degrading Bacteria, Petroleum oil, Bio-remediation, Bacterial consortia, Environmental factors, Enzymes.

ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF DIESEL DEGRADING BACTERIA FROM PETROLEUM OIL CONTAMINATED SOIL

Petroleum products are used for energy production and an essential part of our day-to-day lives especially in vehicles, ships, and industries. Accidental leakages occur easily and wastage petroleum is also discarded in the environment without any further processing causing environmental pollution. Diesel contributea big part topetroleum pollution. The current study was aimed to identify diesel degrading bacteria and determine some conditions to evaluate their best degradation capability. We identified Aeromonas spp., Bacillus spp., and Enterobacter spp. from diesel contaminated soil and found that Aeromonas spp. and Bacillus spp. grow best with 10% to 15% diesel whereas Enterobacter spp. can grow quite well with 20% diesel concentration at a higher temperature (40oC) than the previous two bacteria. Aeromonas spp. worked well at low pH (pH 4 to pH 6) whereas Bacillus spp. and Enterobacter spp. worked best at higher pH (pH 10).

Improving the efficiency of oil refineries by developing the production of high-quality oils

Subject. This article discusses the efficiency of Russian oil refining complexes at the present stage of the oil industry's development. Objectives. The article aims to consider reserves to improve the efficiency of petroleum oil production in Russia and describe some aspects of the domestic oil refining complexes' efficiency improvement. Methods. For the study, I used the systems analysis, observation, comparison, generalization, and the method of hypothetico-deductive reasoning. Results. Based on an analysis of the main advantages and disadvantages of alternative ways of producing high-quality petroleum oils, the article describes the possibilities and ways of modernizing the petroleum oil production. Conclusions. The considered ways of modernizing the production of petroleum oils will help improve the economic efficiency of Russian oil refineries through reducing the technological equipment operating costs and adding to the oil refining depth.