scholarly journals Physico-chemical Characterization of Granulated Sugar from Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) Inflorescence Sap Cultivars and Sugar Cane in Côte d'Ivoire

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Okoma D. Muriel J. ◽  
Assa. Rebecca. R. ◽  
Konan K. Jean-Louis ◽  
Konan. N. Ysidor
Keyword(s):  
Cote D'ivoire ◽  
Sugar Cane ◽  
Côte D’Ivoire ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Cane Sugar ◽  
Cote D’Ivoire ◽  
Brown Sugar ◽  
Côte D'ivoire ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
White Sugar

Aims: To evaluate and compare some physico-chemical characteristics of powdered sugar from the inflorescences of three of the most widespread coconut cultivars in Côte d'Ivoire compared to sugar from cane sugar to diversifying coconut exploitation in Côte d'Ivoire. Experimental Design was Used: The sap was extracted from inflorescences of row 8 of PB113+, PB121+ hybrid and GOA cultivar. Three different treatments that varied time and temperature were set. The physico-chemical characterization concerned the sugar samples from each pair. Samples of white and brown sugar from sugar cane, sold commercially in Côte d'Ivoire, were used as controls.   Place and Duration of Studies: Marc Delorme Station for Coconut Research at the National Centre for Agricultural Research, Côte d'Ivoire between January 2017 and March 2018. Methodology: The sap from the freshly collected coconut tree inflorescences was directly transformed into granulated sugar by thermal spraying (Okoma et al, 2019), without preservatives. Three treatments varying the time/temperature pair were tested. Thus, the processing consisted of: T1: boil 1 liter of sap for 45 minutes at a temperature varying from 60-120°C. T2: boil 1 liter of sap for 40 minutes at a temperature varying from 60-140°C. T3: boil 1 liter of sap for 35 minutes at a temperature varying from 60-160°C. The physico-chemical characterization concerned the coconut sugar samples from each treatment and covered the dry matter content (DMS), moisture (HUM), ashes content (ASH), hydrogen potential (pH), titratable acidity content (TAT), total and reducing sugar contents, fat content and crude fibers. We considered the white and brown sugar from sugar cane sold in the sample as control samples. Results: All the physico-chemical characteristics of the crystalline coconut and sugar cane sugars analyzed generated significant differences (p<0.5) between them and the controls. Regardless of the treatment, the controls white and brown cane sugar provide statistically identical DMS, greater than 99.45 g/100 g respectively. These levels are higher than those provided by the sugar of coconut cultivars. In addition, white (0.27 to 0.29) and brown (0.42 to 0.50) cane sugar contains less water than all coconut cultivars (0.76 to 1.70). Regardless of the treatments applied, crystalline coconut sugar contains ashes contents (ASH) that range from 1.45 to 2.85 and are statistically higher than the proportions found in brown sugar cane sugar (0.11 to 0.28). White sugar cane sugar does not contain ashes. The pH of white sugar and brown sugar (6.09 and 6.44) is significantly higher than that of coconut sugar (4.82 and 6.19). The titratable acid content of coconut sugar ranged from 1.25 to 2.19 compared to 0.94 to 1.99 in cane sugar. Total sugar contents (TST) represent 81.15 to 87.54% of the dry matter in coconut cultivars. This is lower than the TSTs for white sugar (99.01 to 99.04%) and brown sugar (95.6 to 95.73%) sugar cane. Crystal sugar in coconut cultivars contains statistically fewer reducing sugars (6.75 to 7.89%) than white sugar cane sugar (8.11 to 8.12%). Its red counterpart, with 6.14%, contains smaller amounts of reducing sugars. Conclusion: Sugars are the main constituents of the dry matter of the coconut and cane sugar crystals studied. However, the different heat treatments applied to the sap of coconut inflorescences significantly affected all the physico-chemical parameters of each sugar. The physico-chemical characteristics have statistically differentiated coconut sugar from sugar cane sugar. However, for a better valorization of crystalline coconut sugar in Côte d'Ivoire, additional studies to determine its carbohydrate, mineral, vitamin and energy content should be considered.

scholarly journals Monographie des légumineuses subligneuses utilisées pour la biofertilisation des sols dans les jachères améliorées dans la localité de Daloa (Côte d’Ivoire)

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 7771-7782
Author(s):  
AKEDRIN Tetchi Nicaise ◽  
AKOTTO Odi Faustin ◽  
COULIBALY Kiyinlma ◽  
COULIBALY Siendou ◽  
AKE Sévérin
Keyword(s):  
Cote D'ivoire ◽  
Côte D’Ivoire ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Continuous Cultivation ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Cote D’Ivoire ◽  
Côte D'ivoire ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
High Concentrations

En Côte d’Ivoire, la pratique des cultures continues ont entrainé la pauvreté des sols en éléments nutritifs. Pour y remédier, des espèces biofertilisantes en occurrence des légumineuses subligneuses susceptibles d’influer sur la disponibilité des éléments nutritifs du sol sont plantées dans les jachères pour la restauration de la fertilité. Cette étude sur le recensement et les caractérisations physicochimiques du sol et des légumineuses utilisées comme biofertilisants dans les jachères a été conduite à Daloa. La caractérisation chimique de ces végétaux réalisée sur la biomasse racinaire fraîche séchée au four à 65 ° C pendant 72 heures puis broyée et tamisée à une taille de 0,5 mm, a porté sur les compositions totales en N, P, K, Ca, Mg, C. Quant à la caractérisation du sol prélevé à 0-20 cm de profondeur, le pH, la taille des particules, l'azote total, le carbone organique, la capacité d'échange de cations, le P disponible et le K ont été analysés. Les prospections réalisées dans ces jachères ont permis de recenser six légumineuses comme culture principale. Ces légumineuses sont majoritairement lianescentes (50 %) contre 33 % des herbacées et 17 % d’arbustes. Les caractéristiques chimiques des racines ont montré une différence de variation de l’azote du témoin (13 g kg-1) à Mimosa invisa (28 g kg-1). Les concentrations en N, P, K ont été maximales chez toutes les espèces à l’exception de Mimosa invisa et Crotalaria retusa. Cependant, chez Mimosa invisa , les fortes concentrations de CEC (13,8 cmolc kg-1) et de C (27 g kg-1) ont été enregistrées. Les concentrations de phosphores (3,9 g kg-1) et de potassiums (53 g kg-1 de K) sont maximales respectivement chez Crotalaria goreensis et Crotalaria retusa. L’usage de ces légumineuses semble indispensable à la reconstitution de l’horizon humifère donc susceptible de restaurer la fertilité du sol et d’influencer la croissance des cultures non fixatrice d’azote. Akedrin et al., 2020 Journal of Animal & Plant Sciences (J.Anim.Plant Sci. ISSN 2071-7024) Vol.45 (1): 7771-7782 https://doi.org/10.35759/JAnmPlSci.v45-1.2 7772 Monograph of subligneous legumes used for the biofertilization of improved fallow soils in Daloa (Côte d'Ivoire). ABSTRACT In Côte d'Ivoire, the practice of continuous cultivation has resulted in poor nutrient soils. To remedy this, biofertilizing species in the form of subligneous legumes likely to influence the availability of soil nutrients are planted in fallows to restore fertility. This study on the inventory and the physico-chemical characterization of the legume species used as biofertilizers in fallows was conducted in Daloa. The chemical characterization of these plants was carried out from fresh root biomass dried in an oven at 65 ° C for 72 hours then crushed and sieved to a size of 0.5 mm. The analyses related to the total compositions in N, P, K, Ca, Mg, and C. As for the characterization of the soil sampled at 0-20 cm depth, the pH, the size of the particles, Total nitrogen, the organic carbon, cation exchange capacity, available P and K were analyzed. Surveys carried out in these fallows have identified six legumes as the main crop. These legumes are mostly creeping (50%) compared to herbaceous (33%) and shrubs (17%). The chemical characteristics of the roots showed a difference in the variation of nitrogen from the control (13 g kg-1) to Mimosa invisa (28 g kg-1). Concentrations of N, P, and K were highest in all species except Mimosa invisa and Crotalaria retusa. However, in Mimosa invisa, high concentrations of CEC (13.8 cmolc kg-1) and C (27 g kg-1) were recorded. Similarly, the concentrations of phosphorus (3.9 g kg-1) and potassium (53 g kg-1 K) are maximum in Crotalaria goreensis and Crotalaria retusa respectively. The use of these legumes seems essential to the reconstruction of the humiferous horizon, therefore likely to restore soil fertility and influence the growth of crops that do not fix nitrogen.

scholarly journals Physico-chemical properties of Safou (Dacryodes edulis) fruits grown in Côte d’Ivoire

2016 ◽  
Vol 105 (1) ◽  
pp. 10103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beugré Romuald Léonce Kadji ◽  
Fankroma Martial Thierry Kone ◽  
Andrée Emmanuelle Sika ◽  
Soumaïla Dabonne
Keyword(s):  
Cote D'ivoire ◽  
Côte D’Ivoire ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Cote D’Ivoire ◽  
Côte D'ivoire ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Dacryodes Edulis

scholarly journals Antimicrobial resistance of Escherichia coli isolated from irrigation waters in selected urban fields around Yamoussoukro lakes in Côte d'Ivoire

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tchimonbié Messikely Anoman ◽  
Aka Niangoran Marie Stéphanie Kouadio ◽  
Dabé Doga ◽  
Konan Samuel Ahoudjo ◽  
Adolphe Zeze
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Cote D'ivoire ◽  
Côte D’Ivoire ◽  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Cote D’Ivoire ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Lake System ◽  
Côte D'ivoire ◽  
Physico Chemical

This study examined the distribution of Escherichia coli (E. coli) resistant to eleven antibiotics and possible relationships among physico-chemical parameters and these resistances. It was carried out over two years during four climatic seasons in five lakes of the Yamoussoukro lake system in Côte d'Ivoire. The physicochemical parameters of the lakes studied are temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), turbidity, nitrates, orthophosphates and ammoniacal nitrogen. A total of 744 water samples were collected from five (5) lakes belonging to the lake system, over a two-year period, during four dry and four wet seasons. Escherichia coli loadings were evaluated after isolation on specific chromogenic medium COMPASS ECC Agar and the susceptibility to antibiotics by the agar diffusion method. Physico-chemical parameters were evaluated according to international standards. The physico-chemical results showed that the nutrient contents evolved generally from upstream to downstream of the lake system, independently of the sources of pollution of five lakes of system. However, the lake B, in upstream of the lake system, showed levels of nitrate, orthophosphate and ammoniacal nitrogen often similar to the downstream lakes. This demonstrates a source of chemical pollution in this lake, which flows to lakes D and E, which are themselves subject to other pollution. Bacterial loads and bacterial resistance to antibiotics have strictly evolved from upstream to downstream of the system. Most isolates were resistant to ampicillin (16.46%), tetracycline (12.87%), ciprofloxacin (12.86%) and sulfamethoxazole (10.14%). Antibiotic resistance patterns of E. coli isolates were similar in both years studied, but higher during rainy seasons (GRS and SRS). The spearman rank correlations and the principal component analysis (PCA) revealed significant correlations between bacterial resistance to antibiotics in lakes and water physico-chemical parameters. Turbidity and DOC can help to determine the main resistances in the lake D. Orthophosphates can help to understand the resistance of chloramphenicol and the nitrates can help to understand the resistance of ampicillin in the lake B. Resistance in the lakes A, B and C can be influenced by dissolved oxygen. Overall, this study provided baseline information on bacterial resistance in the lakes of Yamoussoukro in Côte d'Ivoire, showing that these lakes could be reservoirs of antibiotic resistance, potentially dangerous to public health.

scholarly journals Étude de la stabilité de quelques propriétés physicochimiques des tranches d’igname congelées (Dioscorea cayenensis-rotundata cv Kponan) de Côte d’Ivoire et analyse sensorielle des mets dérivés

2021 ◽  
Vol 158 ◽  
pp. 16321-16339
Author(s):  
Coulibaly Aïssatou ◽  
Kouadio Degbeu Claver ◽  
Doh Amenan Aline ◽  
Amani N’Guessan Georges
Keyword(s):  
Cote D'ivoire ◽  
Sensory Analysis ◽  
Côte D’Ivoire ◽  
Sensory Characteristics ◽  
Sensory Profile ◽  
Cote D’Ivoire ◽  
Côte D'ivoire ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Dioscorea Cayenensis ◽  
The Impact

Objectif : Évaluer l’impact de la congélation sur certains paramètres physico-chimiques des tranches d’ignames de la variété kponan et faire une analyse sensorielle de quelques mets dérivés. Méthodologie et résultats : L’étude a été faite sur des tranches d’ignames prétraitées puis congelées pendant 3 mois. À Chaque mois, des échantillons ont été prélevés pour une analyse des paramètres physicochimiques et sensorielle des mets dérivés. La congélation n’a pas eu d’effet sur les teneurs en fibre, en protéine et en cendre. Cependant, au cours du premier mois, la matière sèche a augmenté de 5,59 %. Une augmentation des sucres réducteurs a été également observée. Tandis que la teneur en amidon a diminué de 5,54 %. A partir du deuxième mois, tous les paramètres physico-chimiques étudiés sont demeurés stables. Le profil sensoriel des mets dérivés a montré une bonne appréciation des caractéristiques sensorielles avec une forte élasticité (foutou) et une augmentation de la croustillance, de la fermeté et de la couleur (frite). Conclusion et applications des résultats : La technologie utilisée au cours de cette étude a permis de conserver la majeure partie des caractéristiques physico-chimiques et sensorielles de l’igname durant 3 mois. La production de tranches d’igname congelées doit être envisagée afin de palier le problème de conservation post-récolte, assurer la disponibilité tout au long de l’année permettant d’assurer la sécurité alimentaire et contribuer ainsi à la lutte contre la pauvreté en milieu rurale. Coulibaly et al., J. Appl. Biosci. 2021 Étude de la stabilité de quelques propriétés physico-chimiques des tranches d’igname congelées (Dioscorea cayenensis-rotundata cv Kponan) de Côte d’Ivoire et analyse sensorielle des mets dérivés 16322 Study of the stability of some physicochemical properties of frozen yam slices (Dioscorea cayenensis-rotundata CV Kponan) from Côte d'Ivoire and sensory analysis of derived dishes ABSTRACT Objective: Evaluate the impact of freezing on certain physicochemical parameters of yam slices of the kponan variety and make a sensory analysis of some derived dishes. Methodology and results: The study was performed on slices of pretreated yams and then frozen for 3 months. Each month, samples were taken for an analysis of the physico-chemical and sensory parameters of the derivative dishes. Freezing did not affect fiber, protein, and ash contents. However, in the first month, dry matter increased by 5.59%. An increase in reducing sugars was also observed. While the starch content decreased by 5.54%. From the second month, all the physico-chemical parameters studied remained stable. The sensory profile of the derived dishes showed a good appreciation of the sensory characteristics with high elasticity (foutou) and an increase in crispness, firmness, and color (fried). Conclusion and application of the results: The technology used during this study made it possible to conserve most of the physico-chemical and sensory characteristics of the yam for 3 months. The production of frozen yam slices should be considered in order to overcome the post-harvest conservation problem, ensure availability throughout the year, ensuring food security and thus contributing to the fight against poverty in the environment. rural.

scholarly journals Effect of softening level on physico-chemical parameters of safou (Dacryodes edulis) pulp and oil grown in Côte d’Ivoire

2020 ◽  
Vol 145 ◽  
pp. 14853-14861
Author(s):  
DJEDJE Blétro Patrick Gérard ◽  
KADJI Beugré Romuald Léonce ◽  
KONE Fankroma Martial Thierry ◽  
DABONNE Soumaïla
Keyword(s):  
Cote D'ivoire ◽  
Côte D’Ivoire ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Cote D’Ivoire ◽  
Côte D'ivoire ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Dacryodes Edulis
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