Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill. (Cactaceae) in Climate Change Scenarios and Its Potential for Wastewater Bioremediationin Semi-Arid Regions: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Rener Ferraz ◽  
Patrícia Costa ◽  
José Neto ◽  
Franklin Anjos ◽  
Newcélia Barreto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Opuntia Ficus Indica ◽  
Semi Arid

scholarly journals Assessment of the Water, Environmental, Economic and Social Vulnerability of a Watershed to the Potential Effects of Climate Change and Land Use Change

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1682
Author(s):  
Ismael Orozco ◽  
Adrián Martínez ◽  
Víctor Ortega
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Environmental Economic ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Climate Models ◽  
Global Climate Models ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Distributed Hydrological Model ◽  
Semi Arid

In semi-arid regions, where hydrological resources are very vulnerable and where there are water shortages in many regions of the world, it is of great importance to assess the vulnerability that a system is facing or will face to the potential impacts of climatic changes and changes on the use of land. For that reason, this research focuses on evaluating the global vulnerability of a hydrological basin, taking into consideration these changes. Being different from the existing methodologies that assess the vulnerability, our methodology interconnects through a new interface a distributed hydrological model, global climate models, climate change scenarios, land use change scenarios and the largest number of system variables calculated with information from official sources. Another important point of our methodology is that it quantifies the global vulnerability of the system, taking into consideration hydrological, environmental, economic and social vulnerabilities. The results obtained show that the proposed methodology may provide a new approach to analyze vulnerability in semi-arid regions. Moreover, it made it possible to diagnose and establish that the greatest current and future vulnerabilities of the system are the result of activities in agricultural areas and urban centers.

scholarly journals Gendered vulnerabilities to climate change: insights from the semi-arid regions of Africa and Asia

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nitya Rao ◽  
Elaine T. Lawson ◽  
Wapula N. Raditloaneng ◽  
Divya Solomon ◽  
Margaret N. Angula
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Semi Arid

scholarly journals Production, Reproduction and Adaptation characteristics of Boran cattle breed under changing climate: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Merga Bayssa ◽  
Sintayehu Yigrem ◽  
Simret Betsa ◽  
Adugna Tolera
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Cattle Breed ◽  
Livestock Production ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Zebu Cattle ◽  
Improvement Programs ◽  
Breed Improvement

AbstractIntroductionClimate change has devastating effects on livestock production and productivity, which could threaten livestock-based food security in pastoral and agro-pastoral production systems of the tropics and sub-tropics. Hence, to sustain livestock production in an environment challenged by climate change, the animals must have the ability to survive and produce under extreme conditions. Boran cattle breed is one of the hardiest Zebu cattle reared by Borana Oromo pastoralists for milk and meat production. This paper aims to compile the main production, reproduction and adaptation traits of Boran cattle based on systematic review amd meta-analysis of peer reviewed and published articles on the subject.MethodologyCombination of systematic review and meta-analysis based on PRISMA guideline was employed. Accordingly, out of 646 recorded articles identified through database searching, 64 were found to be eligible for production, reproduction and adaptation characteristics of the Boran cattle, twenty-eight articles were included in qualitative systematic review while 36 articles were used for quantitative meta-analysis.ResultBoran cattle have diversity of adaptation (morphological, physiological, biochemical, metabolic, cellular and molecular) responses to the effects of climate change induced challenges - notably high temperature and solar radiation, rangeland degradation, seasonal feed and water shortages and high incidences of tropical diseases. Meta-analysis using a random-effects model showed estimates of heritability and genetic correlations for reproduction and production traits. In addition, heritability and genetic-correlation estimates found in the present study suggest that there is high genetic variability for most traits in Boran cattle, and that genetic improvement is possible for all studied traits in this breed.ConclusionThe review revealed that Boran cattle exhibit better reproduction, production and adaption potentials as compared to other indigenous zebu cattle breeds in Ethiopia under low-land, poor pasture and water conditions. On other hand, the breed is currently challenged by adverse effects of climate change and other management factors such as high rate of genetic dilution, reduced rangeland productivity, lack of organized breed improvement programs and discriminate selection of gene pool. Thus, we recommend strategic breed improvement and genetic conservation program of Boran cattle breed in collaboration with Borana pastoralists through proper quantification of important traits and estimation of the pure Boran cattle population while controlled cross breeding strategy could be used in urban and peri-urban areas for maximum utilization of adapataion and production pottential of this breed.

Potential Impacts of Climate Change on the Inland Fisheries of Arid and Semi-Arid Regions of Africa

2019 ◽  
pp. 196-216
Author(s):  
Imefon Udo Udo ◽  
Imekan Isaac Akpan
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Local Institutions ◽  
Inland Fisheries ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Planned Adaptation ◽  
Semi Arid ◽  
Fish Yields ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

Inland fisheries of arid and semi-arid regions of Africa are seriously threatened by negative impacts of climate change. Literature and several models show increase in temperature of 1.1oC in some areas. Sea level rise is projected to increase to 0.8 m by the year 2100. Fish yields have increased almost linearly by around half a million metric tons per decade over the past 60 years, while clear cyclical variations in the residuals of about 20 years' periodicity above and below the trend line have been observed. Although fisher folks, their communities, and local institutions are already constantly adapting to various forms of change, flimsiness in the wider governance and macro-economic environment has weakened the overall adaptive capacity of these regions and fishers are vulnerable to projected climate change. For significant benefits of inland fisheries to be accomplished, planned adaptation at scales from the local to the regional is very necessary.

Potential Impacts of Climate Change on the Inland Fisheries of Arid and Semi-Arid Regions of Africa

2022 ◽  
pp. 1572-1591
Author(s):  
Imefon Udo Udo ◽  
Imekan Isaac Akpan
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Local Institutions ◽  
Inland Fisheries ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Planned Adaptation ◽  
Semi Arid ◽  
Fish Yields ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

Inland fisheries of arid and semi-arid regions of Africa are seriously threatened by negative impacts of climate change. Literature and several models show increase in temperature of 1.1oC in some areas. Sea level rise is projected to increase to 0.8 m by the year 2100. Fish yields have increased almost linearly by around half a million metric tons per decade over the past 60 years, while clear cyclical variations in the residuals of about 20 years' periodicity above and below the trend line have been observed. Although fisher folks, their communities, and local institutions are already constantly adapting to various forms of change, flimsiness in the wider governance and macro-economic environment has weakened the overall adaptive capacity of these regions and fishers are vulnerable to projected climate change. For significant benefits of inland fisheries to be accomplished, planned adaptation at scales from the local to the regional is very necessary.

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