scholarly journals Review of pharmacologic treatment in cluster A personality disorders

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessa Koch ◽  
Taylor Modesitt ◽  
Melissa Palmer ◽  
Sarah Ward ◽  
Bobbie Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Schizotypal Personality Disorder ◽  
Pharmacologic Treatment ◽  
Schizotypal Personality ◽  
Schizoid Personality ◽  
Schizoid Personality Disorder ◽  
Paranoid Personality Disorder ◽  
Paranoid Personality ◽  
Cluster A

Abstract Introduction: A personality disorder is a pervasive and enduring pattern of behaviors that impacts an individual's social, occupational, and overall functioning. Specifically, the cluster A personality disorders include paranoid personality disorder, schizoid personality disorder, and schizotypal personality disorder. Patients with cluster A personality disorders tend to be isolative and avoid relationships. The quality of life may also be reduced in these individuals, which provokes the question of how to treat patients with these personality disorders. The purpose of this review is to evaluate the current literature for pharmacologic treatments for the cluster A personality disorders. Methods: A Medline/PubMed and Ovid search was conducted to identify literature on the psychopharmacology of paranoid personality disorder, schizoid personality disorder, and schizotypal personality disorder. There were no exclusions in terms of time frame from article publication or country of publication, in order to provide a comprehensive analysis; however, only articles that contained information on the cluster A disorders were included. Results: Minimal evidence regarding pharmacotherapy in paranoid and schizoid personality disorders was found. Literature was available for pharmacologic treatment of schizotypal personality disorder. Studies evaluating the use of olanzapine, risperidone, haloperidol, fluoxetine, and thiothixene did yield beneficial results; however, treatment with such agents should be considered on a case-by-case basis. Discussion: Most of the literature analyzed in this review presented theoretical ideas of what may constitute the neurobiologic factors of personality and what treatments may address these aspects. Further research is needed to evaluate specific pharmacologic treatment in the cluster A personality disorders. At this time, treatment with pharmacologic agents is based on theory rather than evidence.

scholarly journals Expert Evaluation of «Another Unhealthy Conditions»

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Danilova
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Cognitive Disorders ◽  
Expert Evaluation ◽  
Schizoid Personality ◽  
Schizoid Personality Disorder ◽  
Paranoid Personality Disorder ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Mental Pathology

Patients who have had chronic mental disorders, another unhealthy conditions, mental retardation are considered to be irresponsible. Special interest represent is disorders, which expect as “another unhealthy conditions”. Mental disorders consider without process basis (pathokinesis have has chronic or acute psychosis), dementia. Another unhealthy conditions is quality differences from mental standard, but it does happen expressive that does irresponsible.56 men have been examined in the department of Personality Disorders and psyhogenias. Age: 20-60 years old. Disorders experts as “another unhealthy conditions” includes of the Classification ICD-10: Personality Disorders (F 60 - F 61), organic Personality Disorders (F 06.3 - F 07.9), mentally retardness of slight degree with breach of behaviour (F 70.1). Diagnosis of Paranoid Personality Disorder and Schizoid Personality Disorder were most common.Analysis of expert evaluation is show that it is necessary to estimate psychological criteria of irresponsibility. Analysis of pathological symptoms, structure of personality and cognitive disorders, disposition of crime, situational and motivational factors are show that it is necessary to estimate a depth of mental pathology, disturbance of critical abless and defects of personality and intellectual functions to expects conclusions of irresponsibility.

Specific types of personality disorder

2012 ◽  
pp. 861-881 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Luis Carrasco ◽  
Dusica Lecic-Tosevski
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Personality Change ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Schizotypal Personality ◽  
General Medical Condition ◽  
Personality Changes ◽  
Paranoid Personality Disorder ◽  
Paranoid Personality ◽  
Cluster B Personality Disorders

This chapter begins by discussing the epidemiology, aetiology, clinical picture, course, differential diagnosis, and treatment of various Cluster A personality disorders (Paranoid personality disorder, paranoid personality disorder, schizotypal personality disorder), Cluster B personality disorders (antisocial personality disorder, borderline personality disorder (BPD), histrionic personality disorder, narcissistic personality disorder) and Cluster C personality disorders (avoidant personality disorder, dependent personality disorder (JLC), and obsessive–compulsive (anankastic) personality disorder). Other personality disorders (not included in DSM-IV) are also covered, including passive–aggressive (negativistic) personality disorder, self-defeating (masochistic) personality disorder, sadistic personality disorder, depressive personality disorder, and personality changes, including enduring personality changes after traumatic experiences and personality change due to a general medical condition (JLC).

Lifelong Eccentricity and Social Isolation

1988 ◽  
Vol 153 (6) ◽  
pp. 783-791 ◽  
Author(s):  
Digby Tantam
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Asperger's Syndrome ◽  
Asperger’S Syndrome ◽  
Schizotypal Personality Disorder ◽  
Verbal Expression ◽  
Schizotypal Personality ◽  
Schizoid Personality ◽  
Schizoid Personality Disorder

Several scales are described for measuring aspects of eccentricity and social isolation; in particular, for assessing schizoid and schizotypal personality and for rating abnormal non-verbal expression. The latter is shown to be reliable, and the former to have a measure of validity. There was an association between schizoid personality traits and abnormalities of speech and non-verbal expression. However, abnormal non-verbal expression, but not schizoid personality traits or DSM–III schizotypal personality disorder, was particularly likely to occur in those subjects who had evidence of neurological deficit, and childhood symptoms indicative of developmental disorder. Abnormal non-verbal expression, but not personality disorder, was also associated with other characteristic features of Asperger's syndrome, such as unusual, 'special’ interests. It is suggested that Asperger's syndrome is a distinct syndrome from either schizoid or schizotypal personality disorder, but may be a risk factor for the development of schizoid personality disorder.

scholarly journals Case Report: The Association Between Chromosomal Anomalies and Cluster A Personality Disorders: The Case of Two Siblings With 16p11.2 Deletion and a Review of the Literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecilia Maria Esposito ◽  
Paolo Enrico ◽  
Domenico Sciortino ◽  
Elisabetta Caletti ◽  
Giulia Bruna Marchetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Chromosomal Rearrangements ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Deletion Syndrome ◽  
Chromosomal Anomalies ◽  
Paranoid Personality Disorder ◽  
Paranoid Personality ◽  
Cluster A

Although several studies have shown the correlation between chromosomal rearrangements and the risk of developing psychotic disorders, such as schizophrenia, little attention has been given to identifying the genetic basis of pre-disposing personality so far. In this regard, a limited but significant number of studies seem to indicate an association between chromosomal anomalies and cluster A personality disorders (CAPD). Starting from the clinical description of two brothers affected by familial 16p11 deletion syndrome (OMIM #611913), both sharing cluster A and C personality traits, the aim of the present study is to critically review the literature regarding the correlation between chromosomal rearrangements and CAPD. A bibliographic search on PubMed has been conducted, and eight studies were finally included in our review. Most of the studies highlight the presence of schizotypal personality disorder in the 22q11.2 deletion syndrome, whose evolutionary course toward psychotic pictures is well-known. One study also identified a paranoid personality disorder in a patient with a deletion on chromosome 7q21.3. No studies have so far identified the presence of paranoid personality disorder in 16p11 deletion, as in the case of the two siblings we report, while its association with psychosis and autism is already known. Although further epidemiologic studies on broader populations are indicated, our observations might pave the way for the definition of new diagnostic subgroups of CAPD and psychotic disorders, in order to implement the clinical management of such complex conditions.

scholarly journals The role of personality disorder in ‘difficult to reach’ patients with depression: Findings from the ODIN study

2007 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 153-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brendan D. Kelly ◽  
Patricia Casey ◽  
Graham Dunn ◽  
Jose Luis Ayuso-Mateos ◽  
Christopher Dowrick
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Psychological Treatment ◽  
Comorbid Diagnosis ◽  
Schizoid Personality Disorder ◽  
Paranoid Personality Disorder ◽  
Paranoid Personality ◽  
Study Sites ◽  
Specific Disorders

AbstractIndividuals with personality disorders (especially paranoid personality disorder) tend to be reluctant to engage in treatment. This paper aimed to elucidate the role of personality disorder in predicting engagement with psychological treatment for depression. The Outcomes of Depression International Network (ODIN) involves six urban and three rural study sites throughout Europe at which cases of depression were identified through a two-stage community survey. One patient in seven who was offered psychological treatment for depression had a comorbid diagnosis of personality disorder (most commonly paranoid personality disorder). Forty-five percent of patients who were offered psychological treatment for depression did not complete treatment. The odds of completion were higher for patients with a comorbid diagnosis of personality disorder, especially paranoid, anxious or dependent personality disorder. The relatively low number of cases with some specific personality disorders (e.g. schizoid personality disorder) limited the study's power to reach conclusions about these specific disorders. This study focused on a community-based sample which may lead to apparently lower rates of engagement when compared to studies based on treatment-seeking populations. Episodes of depression in the context of personality disorder may represent a valuable opportunity to engage with patients who might otherwise resist engagement.

Compulsions and Personality Disorders

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-97
Author(s):  
Mara Luiza Vieira Ceroni ◽  
Cláudia Abude
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Psychological Treatment ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Schizoid Personality ◽  
Schizoid Personality Disorder ◽  
Prevention And Treatment

This article proposes a reflection on the possible causes and diagnosis of people involved in violent shootings. The policies for prevention of those social tragedies remain somewhat controversial and vaguely addressed, lacking theoretical attention (Rocque & Duwe, 2018). One of the main diagnoses involved in those cases, according to literature, is Schizoid Personality Disorder-SPD with characteristics of detachment, isolation and difficulties of contact with other human beings (DSM-5, 2013). The loss of capacity to establish social relationships and intimacy hamper and may sometimes impede a psychological treatment based on connection possibilities. Juvenile violence statistics increased dramatically in the last 50 years and because of this, early diagnosis is important for the prevention and treatment of these cases. At the same time, further research and case studies are a pressing need (Rocque, 2017). For diagnosed SPD patients, Bioenergetics Analysis stands out in a scenario in which rapprochement and contact are a priority, also as an approach that is open to new care techniques and alternatives investigations in helping people to open their hearts to life and love. If this objective is not achieved, the outcome, according to Lowen (1991) is tragic.

Personality Disorders

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waqar Rizvi
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Dependent Personality Disorder ◽  
Schizotypal Personality ◽  
Histrionic Personality Disorder ◽  
Dependent Personality ◽  
Schizoid Personality Disorder ◽  
Paranoid Personality Disorder ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Personality Disorder

In this chapter essential aspects of personality disorder will be reviewed including paranoid personality disorder, schizoid personality disorder, schizotypal personality disorder, borderline personality disorder, histrionic personality disorder, narcissistic personality disorder, Avoidant personality disorder, dependent personality disorder, obsessive-compulsive personality disorder and antisocial personality disorder

Treatment Outlines for Paranoid, Schizotypal and Schizoid Personality Disorders

1990 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 339-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Schizoid Personality ◽  
Schizoid Personality Disorder

Treatment outlines for paranoid, schizotypal and schizoid personality disorders were developed by having nominated experts consider their own views in the light of the treatment literature and the responses of practising psychiatrists. In the detailed recommendations it is clear that while patients with all three disorders often present for treatment in a crisis and often see no issue other than the resolution of the crisis, patients with schizoid personality disorder can use long-term psychotherapy to develop and change to the extent of no longer being handicapped.

Personality disorders

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sundeep Virdi ◽  
Robert L. Trestman
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Antisocial Personality Disorder ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Narcissistic Personality Disorder ◽  
Correctional Staff ◽  
Mentally Disordered Offenders ◽  
Mentally Disordered ◽  
Paranoid Personality Disorder ◽  
Paranoid Personality

Personality disorders are highly prevalent and highly problematic in jails in prisons. Personality disorders, by definition, are associated with significant functional impairment of the affected individual and may negatively impact those around them. That impairment results from the way these individuals think and feel about themselves and others. Patients with personality disorder are often challenging to manage in the community. The difficulties associated with their care are accentuated in the confines and highly structured environments presented by jails and prisons. Inmates with personality disorders often require a disproportionate level of attention from correctional staff and their behavior can contribute to a dangerous environment inside a facility. Additionally, when compared to offenders with other psychiatric disorders or non-mentally disordered offenders, offenders with personality disorders have higher rates of violence, criminality, and recidivism. There are 4 personality disorders that are of particular clinical relevance to the correctional psychiatry setting: borderline personality disorder, antisocial personality disorder, narcissistic personality disorder, and paranoid personality disorder. Research also reflects that these disorders have the highest correctional prevalence rates among the personality disorders. For each of these four disorders, this chapter presents in turn a description and some management concerns and challenges, data on correctional prevalence, appropriate psychotherapy, and potential psychopharmacologic interventions.

Gender Stereotypes for Paranoid, Antisocial, Compulsive, Dependent, and Histrionic Personality Disorders

1991 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 976-978 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beth M. Rienzi ◽  
David J. Scrams
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
University Students ◽  
Gender Role ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Gender Assignment ◽  
Gender Role Stereotypes ◽  
Significant Agreement ◽  
Schizoid Personality ◽  
Schizoid Personality Disorder

To assess similarity between gender-role stereotypes and the personality disorder prototypes, university students (31 women and 13 men) were asked to assign gender to six descriptions of DSM-III—R personality disorders. Significant agreement was found in gender assignment for five of the six descriptions. Descriptions of the paranoid, antisocial, and compulsive personality disorders were viewed as male, and descriptions of the dependent and histrionic personality disorders were viewed as female. The description of schizoid personality disorder was not significantly gender-typed.

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