Brauer groups and Néron class groups

Let [Formula: see text] be a global field and let [Formula: see text] be a finite set of primes of [Formula: see text] containing the Archimedean primes. We generalize the duality theorem for the Néron [Formula: see text]-class group of an abelian variety [Formula: see text] over [Formula: see text] established previously by removing the requirement that the Tate–Shafarevich group of [Formula: see text] be finite. We also derive an exact sequence that relates the indicated group associated to the Jacobian variety of a proper, smooth and geometrically connected curve [Formula: see text] over [Formula: see text] to a certain finite subquotient of the Brauer group of [Formula: see text].

Explicit calculation of the mod 4 Galois representation associated with the Fermat quartic

We use explicit methods to study the [Formula: see text]-torsion points on the Jacobian variety of the Fermat quartic. With the aid of computer algebra systems, we explicitly give a basis of the group of [Formula: see text]-torsion points. We calculate the Galois action, and show that the image of the mod [Formula: see text] Galois representation is isomorphic to the dihedral group of order [Formula: see text]. As applications, we calculate the Mordell–Weil group of the Jacobian variety of the Fermat quartic over each subfield of the [Formula: see text]th cyclotomic field. We determine all of the points on the Fermat quartic defined over quadratic extensions of the [Formula: see text]th cyclotomic field. Thus, we complete Faddeev’s work in 1960.

On S-units for linear valuations and the periodicity of continued fractions of generalized type in hyperelliptic fields

This article proves the equivalence theorem for the following conditions: the periodicity of continued fractions of a generalized type for key elements hyperelliptic field L, the existence in the hyperelliptic field L of nontrivial S-units for sets S, consisting two valuations of degree one, and the existence of the torsion of a certain type in the Jacobian variety, associated with the hyperelliptic field L. This theorem allows in practice using continued fractions of a generalized type effectively search for fundamental S-units of hyperelliptic fields. We give an example of the hyperelliptic field of genus 3, showing all three equivalent conditions in the indicated theorem.

Quasi-periodic solutions of the Belov–Chaltikian lattice hierarchy

Utilizing the characteristic polynomial of Lax matrix for the Belov–Chaltikian (BC) lattice hierarchy associated with a [Formula: see text] discrete matrix spectral problem, we introduce a trigonal curve with three infinite points, from which we establish the associated Dubrovin-type equations. The essential properties of the Baker–Akhiezer function and the meromorphic function are discussed, that include their asymptotic behavior near three infinite points on the trigonal curve and the divisor of the meromorphic function. The Abel map is introduced to straighten out the continuous flow and the discrete flow in the Jacobian variety, from which the quasi-periodic solutions of the entire BC lattice hierarchy are obtained in terms of the Riemann theta function.

Optimal Quotients of Jacobians With Toric Reduction and Component Groups

Let J be a Jacobian variety with toric reduction over a local field K. Let J → E be an optimal quotient defined over K, where E is an elliptic curve. We give examples in which the functorially induced map on component groups of the Néron models is not surjective. This answers a question of Ribet and Takahashi. We also give various criteria under which is surjective and discuss when these criteria hold for the Jacobians of modular curves.

Splitting properties of the reduction of semi-abelian varieties

Let [Formula: see text] be a complete discrete valuation field. Let [Formula: see text] be its ring of integers. Let [Formula: see text] be its residue field which we assume to be algebraically closed of characteristic exponent [Formula: see text]. Let [Formula: see text] be a semi-abelian variety. Let [Formula: see text] be its Néron model. The special fiber [Formula: see text] is an extension of the identity component [Formula: see text] by the group of components [Formula: see text]. We say that [Formula: see text] has split reduction if this extension is split. Whereas [Formula: see text] has always split reduction if [Formula: see text] we prove that it is no longer the case if [Formula: see text] even if [Formula: see text] is tamely ramified. If [Formula: see text] is the Jacobian variety of a smooth proper and geometrically connected curve [Formula: see text] of genus [Formula: see text], we prove that for any tamely ramified extension [Formula: see text] of degree greater than a constant, depending on [Formula: see text] only, [Formula: see text] has split reduction. This answers some questions of Liu and Lorenzini.