The Effect of Ultrasonic Treatment on the Binding of the Inclusion Complex β-Cyclodextrin-peppermint Oil with Cellulose Material

The purpose of the research was to measure the increase in the binding of inclusion complexes β-cyclodextrin-peppermint oil (β-CD_PM) to cellulose in cotton and cotton/polyester material with BTCA as the crosslinking agent by applying an ultrasonic bath at room temperature and a frequency of 80 kHz for 10 min. After sonication, the samples were left in a bath for 24 h after which they were dried, thermocondensed and subjected to a number of wash cycles. The treated samples were analysed with Attenuated total reflection (ATR) units heated up to 300 °C (Golden Gate (FTIR-ATR)) to monitor chemical changes indicative of crosslinking, while physico-chemical changes in the samples were monitored by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR-ATR). Mechanical properties were measured according to EN ISO 13934-1:1999, and coloristic changes were evaluated by the whiteness degree according to CIE (WCIE) and the yellowing index (YI), while antimicrobial activity was determined according to AATCC TM 147-2016. The results show a physico-chemical modification of the UZV-treated cellulosic material. Moreover, partial antimicrobial efficacy on Gram-negative bacteria was confirmed for treated fabrics.

APLICACIÓN DE LA CELULOSA BACTERIANA EN EL DISEÑO DE PRODUCTOS: UN CAMINO A LA SUSTENTABILIDAD

Los niveles de contaminación ambiental provocados por la industria han sobrepasado la capacidad del planeta, en este resultado tiene una responsabilidad importante el diseñador de productos, por ello juega un papel sustancial la ética del diseñador en lo que respecta a la sustentabilidad. Las innovaciones de los biomateriales brindan una oportunidad en esa reivindicación, es así que, la investigación pretende a través de la aplicación de la celulosa bacteriana obtener nuevas posibilidades para la industria del diseño y cuidado del medio ambiente reduciendo los niveles de basura que generan los materiales comunes, debido a que este material celulósico es considerado como sustentable y de carácter renovable. Se planteó el desarrollo de los productos a través de la ruta metodológica ARZ, que coloca los criterios de sustentabilidad como eje de inicio y final al momento de plasmar la necesidad, ideación, venta, uso y desuso del nuevo producto. Como resultado se obtuvo un biomaterial con características fisicoquímicas y mecánicas que permitieron la aplicación en tres series de productos: calzado, carteras y bisutería. La sustentabilidad es la opción del nuevo pensamiento productivo del diseño y de los diseñadores, es decir, crear con responsabilidad social y ambiental. Palabras clave: Celulosa bacteriana, biomateriales, diseño ético, diseño sustentable, diseño de producto. AbstractThe levels of environmental pollution caused by the industry have exceeded the capacity of the planet. The product designer has an important responsibility for this result, therefore, the ethic of the designer takes a substantial role related to sustainability. The innovations of biomaterials provide an opportunity in this claim, and so, this research aims to obtain new possibilities for the design industry and care for the environment through the application of bacterial cellulose in order to reduce the levels of waste that is generated by the common materials because this cellulosic material is considered sustainable and renewable. The development of the products was proposed through the ARZ methodological route that places the sustainability criteria as the starting and ending axis at the moment of reflecting the need, ideation, sale, use, and obsolescence of the new product. Consequently, a biomaterial is obtained with physicochemical and mechanical characteristics that allowed its application in three series of products: footwear, handbags, and costume jewelry. Sustainability is the option of the new productive thought of the design, as well as the designers; that means, creating with social and environmental responsibility.Keywords: Bacterial cellulose, biomaterials, ethical design, product design, sustainable design.

Cellulose-g-tetraethylenepentamine Dual-function Imprinted Polymers Selectively and Effectively Adsorb and Remove 4-Nitrophenol and Cr(VI)

A cellulosic material could efficiently and selectively adsorb organic and inorganic contaminants from aqueous solutions without interference from competing adsorption sites. In this study, cellulose-graft-tetraethylenepentamin molecular imprinted polymer (C-TEPA-MIP) was synthesized by using 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) as the template. The C-TEPA-MIP adsorbent could adsorb 4-NP and Cr(VI) simultaneously and selectively, without being affected by the competitive adsorption sites of each of these pollutants. The adsorption of 4-NP was predominantly due to the imprinted sites of 4-NP in C-TEPA-MIP that were located inside of the adsorbent, whereas that of Cr(VI) was primarily due to the amine groups of TEPA found on the surface of the adsorbent. Compared with the non-imprint polymer synthesized without the template, C-TEPA-MIP showed higher selectivity for both 4-NP and Cr(VI) in unitary and binary systems. In addition, C-TEPA-MIP exhibited good stability and recyclability for 4-NP, which makes it a promising candidate material for applications concerning wastewater treatment.