Investigation of the regularities of vortical flows in a cyclone-bed chamber

Experimental investigation of the radial distributions of tangential and longitudinal velocities, total and static pressures in the vortex zone of a cyclone-bed chamber of diameter 0.21 m has been carried out. The experiments were carried out at various regime parameters (fraction of bottom blast, total air volume flow) and geometric parameters (diameter and shape of the outlet) of the chamber, and also in the presence of a fixed or fluidized bed of granular material. The influence of nonisotherm of bottom and tangential blast on the distribution pattern of velocity and pressure in the vortex zone of the cyclone-bed chamber is investigated. There was determined the influence of bottom blast temperature on the longitudinal velocity of air in the central part of the vortex zone chamber. It is shown that the diameter of the outlet has a significant effect on the pressure in the chamber. The longitudinal velocity in the central part of the chamber is practically independent of the shape of the outlet. The presence of the fluidized bed has an effect on the hydrodynamics of the cyclone-bed chamber vortex zone. In the presence of the fluidized bed there has been a violation of the self-similarity of hydrodynamic dimensionless parameters distribution in the vortex zone. The obtained experimental data were summarized within the framework of the similarity theory with the use of a dimensionless quantity characterizing the hydrodynamics of an inhomogeneous fluidized bed – the Froude number (Fr). The use of the Froude number makes it possible to take into account the effect of the fluidized bed hydrodynamics on the features of air velocity and pressure distributions in the vortex zone, and also takes into account the influence of such an important factor as the fraction of bottom blast.

Mathematical simulation of BF hot blast temperature influence on variations of silicon content in hot metal

The problem of influence of sinter production technological factors on silicon content and particularly variations of Si (ΔSi) in hot metal is actual for the up-to-date metallurgy.Traditional methods and plans of studies of BF heat running at present are considered less precise and effective comparing with up-to-date methods of mathematical and computer simulation, since the last provide an ability to forecast and optimize numerous parameters of BF process.A complex mathematical analysis of dependence between hot blast temperature and ΔSi by application of the universal mathematical model, specially elaborated and adapted for industrial conditions of sinter plant operation of Alchevsk steel-works was the task of the study.Influence of hot blast temperature (X-Factory) on minimization of ΔSi (Y-Factory) studied. Complex mathematical analysis was carried out using statistical data collected during 65 months of Alchevsk steel-works blast furnace of 3000 m3 operation. Results of calculation of influence of hot blast temperature on ΔSi by application of the universal mathematical model presented. Minimization of ΔSi when optimizing hot blast temperature reached. Accuracy of calculation using the elaborated model was more 99% of actual operational statistic.

The Application of Cell Mapping to Dynamic Modeling and Control

A dynamical system modeling method based on cell mapping is proposed in order to describe the system statistic property, and then a discrete optimal control table is constructed through each state cell excited by all input level recording the optimal cost value at the same time. Finally, a demonstration of the method is shown for the time optimal blast temperature set point control of a sintering machine.

The Application of Cell Mapping to Dynamic Modeling and Control

A dynamical system modeling method based on cell mapping is proposed in order to describe the system statistic property, and then a discrete optimal control table is constructed through each state cell excited by all input level recording the optimal cost value at the same time. Finally, a demonstration of the method is shown for the time optimal blast temperature set point control of a sintering machine.

Technological Development Orientation on Ironmaking of Contemporary Blast Furnace

The present status and challenges of blast furnace (BF) ironmaking technology are analyzed, and the developing targets of the contemporary BF ironmaking process are mentioned. The significance and function of high blast temperature and oxygen enriched-pulverized coal injection for BF are described. The key technologies of high blast temperature is discussed and evaluated emphatically. Promoting blast temperature and improving oxygen enrichment ratio, as well as enhancing pulverized coal injection rate which are important guarantee for saving fuel consumption, reducing operation cost, and realizing sustainable development. There are broad developing prospects of contemporary BF process under the condition of high blast temperature and low fuel ratio ironmaking technologies are applied.

Influence of Collapse Phenomenon on Unburned Pulverized Coal in the Lumpy Zone of COREX Melter Gasifier

A thermal model was established for the study about influence of collapse phenomenon on unburned pulverized coal in COREX melter gasifier. In the model, the ore was simulated by wax, the coke and lump coal were simulated by maize, UPC is simulated by pulverized coal. The results showed that too high blast temperature could lead to collapse in the model, and under normal or collapsing furnace state, UPC is dispersed or aggregated distribution in packed bed. According to this experimental results and the previous research results, the suggestions about COREX were given at last. Keywords: COREX melter gasifier; pulverized coal injection; unburned pulverized coal; physical experiment

Technological Status and Tendency of Modern Blast Furnace

In this paper, the present status and challenges of blast furnace (BF) ironmaking technology are analyzed, and the developing tendencies of the modern BF ironmaking technology are mentioned. The significance and function of high blast temperature and oxygen enriched-pulverized coal injection for BF ironmaking are described. The key technologies of high blast temperature, oxygen enriched, and pulverized coal injection (PCI) are discussed and evaluated emphatically. Promoting blast temperature and improving oxygen enrichment ratio, as well as enhancing PCI rate which are important guarantee for saving fuel consumption, reducing operation cost, and realizing sustainable development. There are broad developing prospects of modern BF process under the condition of high blast temperature and low fuel ratio ironmaking technologies are applied.