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Children ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 101
Author(s):  
Konrad Reinshagen ◽  
Gunter Burmester ◽  
Johanna Hagens ◽  
Thomas Franz Krebs ◽  
Christian Tomuschat

Background: Patients suffering from complete colonic aganglionosis (TCA) require the best surgical care possible. Only a few studies reported J-Pouch repair as the primary reconstructive surgery in TCA patients. This study adds to the current literature a thorough clinical and functional outcomes group. Methods: Between 2011 and 2021, medical records of Hirschsprung disease (HD) patients who underwent J-Pouch reconstruction during infancy (n = 12) were reviewed. In close follow-up, bowel function and satisfaction with operation results were evaluated. The median age at the time of J-Pouch reconstruction was 16 months, and covering ileostomies were closed four months later. There were no postoperative problems. After the final repair, Pouch-related problems (PRP) occurred in 27% of the children and were treated conservatively. There was no histological evidence of pouchitis in any of the individuals. The median 24-h stooling frequency was 4–5 at the latest follow-up 51 months following enterostomy closure. Conclusions: The current study’s findings support the existing literature and advocate for J-pouch repair in TCA patients. However, more research will be needed to determine the best time to undergo pouch surgery and ileostomy closure in TCA patients.


Author(s):  
Jianying Xiong ◽  
Chen Zhang ◽  
Pinjing He ◽  
Jun He ◽  
Xiaodong Dai ◽  
...  

Abstract Large pool of ammonia in mature leachate is challenging to treat with a membrane bioreactor system to meet the discharge standard for pollution control of municipal solid waste landfills in China (GB 16889-2008) without external carbon source addition. In this study, an engineering leachate treatment project with a scale of 2,000 m3/d was operated to evaluate the ammonia heat extraction system (AHES), which contains preheat, decomposition, steam-stripping, ammonia recovery, and centrifuge dewatering. The operation results showed that NH3-N concentrations of raw leachate and treated effluent from an ammonia heat extraction system (AHES) were 1,305–2,485 mg/L and 207–541 mg/L, respectively. The ratio of COD/NH3-N increased from 1.40–1.84 to 7.69–28.00. Nitrogen was recovered in the form of NH4HCO3 by the ammonia recovery tower with the introduction of CO2, wherein, the mature leachate can offer 37% CO2 consumption. The unit consumptions of steam and power were 8.0% and 2.66 kWh/m3 respectively, and the total operation cost of AHES was 2.06 USD per cubic leachate. These results confirm that the heat extraction is an efficient and cost-effective technology for the recovery of nitrogen resource from mature leachate.


Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Haozheng Wang ◽  
Guanyu Han ◽  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Yiting Qiu ◽  
Juntao Li ◽  
...  

With the management and operation of urban drainage systems (UDS) becoming more complicated and difficult, integrated models aiming to control and manage the entire drainage system are under enormous demand. Ideally, integrated models, as a potential tool for meeting the increasing demands, should combine both conceptual and mechanistic models that merge all UDS components and balance simulation accuracy with time constraints. Within this context, our study introduces an innovative modeling software, Simuwater, which couples multiple principles, simulates multiple components, and combines optimized control functions, playing a role in the integrated simulation and overflow control application of UDS. The software has been utilized in a real-time case-control study in one city of China, and it obtained significant optimized operation results to reduce combined sewer overflow (CSO) by making full use of the storage facilities and actuators. As the Simuwater model continues to improve in depth and breadth, it will play an increasingly important role in more application scenarios of UDS.


2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 3144-3146
Author(s):  
Rafia Kousar ◽  
Haq Dad Durrani ◽  
Muhammad Abdul Aziz ◽  
Adnan Ejaz Qureshi ◽  
Kamran Chaudehry ◽  
...  

Background: Tonsillectomy is a common surgical procedure required to prevent recurrent infection, inflammation and related distress to the patients. Intervention in this highly vascularized area results in inflammatory responses and subsequent pain. Due to inadequate management 30-70% patients suffer from post-operative pain. Post tonsillectomy pain has its impact on analgesic consumption, hospital stay and return to normal activity. Methodology: This randomized control trial study design is a prospective randomized controlled including convenience sample of 32 patients of both genders, aged 4-30 years undergoing tonsillectomy.Tonsillectomy was performed by standard dissection method after giving general anesthesia to the patients. After completing the tonsillectomy on right side, surgeon infiltrated 6ml of 0.25 % bupivacaine in the tonsillar fossa on the right side. The surgeon did not infiltrate into the left side being observed as control. Postoperative pain score was recorded by asking patients on a VAS graded 1-10 scale (0= no pain and 10= maximum pain) after half an hour in recovery, 2 hours, 4 hours and 6 hours after the operation. Results: The mean age of the study patients was 14.08±7.32 years which included 20 (62.5%) females and 12(37.5%) males. The mean of duration of operation was 42.03±14.75 minutes. There was statistically significant difference between pain scores on VAS in infiltrated bupivacaine (right side) and control (left side) after ½, 2,4 and 6 hours respectively. Conclusion: Infiltration of 0.25% bupivacaine significantly reduces post tonsillectomy pain. Keywords: Tonsillectomy, Bupivacaine infiltration, Pain


2021 ◽  
pp. 028418512110645
Author(s):  
Gokhan Ongen ◽  
Gokhan Gokalp ◽  
Omer Fatih Nas

Background Bankart lesions accompany superior labrum anteroposterior (SLAP) lesions; these are called SLAP type 5. Purpose To compare SLAP type 5 lesions using routine magnetic resonance arthrography (MRA) and thin-slice oblique sagittal proton density (PDW) sequences and correlation operation results. Material and Methods In total, 181 patients were admitted with shoulder instability. The study was completed with 44 patients. The presence or absence of isolated Bankart and SLAP type 5 lesions in routine MRA and PDW oblique sagittal images were evaluated separately. Absence of rupture scored 0 points, suspected ruptures scored 1 point, and apparent ruptures scored 2 points. The two scores were compared with the shoulder arthroscopy findings. Results According to the findings in the shoulder arthroscopy, 40 patients had Bankart lesions and 17 patients had accompanying SLAP type 5 lesions. To detect a Bankart lesion, there was no significant difference between routine MRA sequences and PDW oblique sagittal images ( P = 0.061). Routine MRA sensitivity was 95%, specificity 25%, positive predictive value (PPV) 92%, negative predictive value (NPV) 33%, while for PDW oblique sagittal images, sensitivity was 75%, specificity 100%, PPV 100%, and NPV 28.5%. In 8/17 type 5 SLAP lesions, routine MRA detected sensitivity 47%, specificity 92.6%, PPV 80%, and NPV 73.5%; in 14/17 SLAP type 5 lesions, PDW oblique sagittal images detected sensitivity 82%, specificity 100%, PPV 100%, and NPV 90% ( P = 0.015). Conclusion The PDW oblique sagittal images may play a significant role in assessing the anterior and superior extent of the tears.


Author(s):  
Kanike Vinod Kumar ◽  
R. Saravana Kumar

<span lang="EN-US">Reduction of switch count in symmetrical and asymmetrical reduced switch multilevel inverter designs has been proposed regularly with operation of conventional carrier-based pulse width modulation technique. In this study, a novel structure of symmetrical Hexa shaped model reduced switch seven level output inverter is proposed without any auxiliary switch and H-bridge. Proposed structure offers a smaller number of switch count and voltage sources which results in the cost and complexity reduction of its implementation. To operate the switching sequence of inverter from carrier based APOD, POD and PD methods, suitable logical expression to be realize which gained more prominence. Active utilization of two voltage sources in each mode of operation results in significant reduction of voltage stress across each switch is achieved. A comparative study of proposed MLI with various reduced switch MLIs has been presented. Initially, simulation model implementation has been carried out with MATLAB/Simulink and observed the performance parameters and THD. Simulation results are carried for the comparison of the results obtained in the real time work performed on OPAL-RT 5700 simulator</span><span lang="EN-US">.</span>


Author(s):  
Anatoliy Gaydamaka ◽  
Yurii Muzykin ◽  
Volodymyr Klitnoi

Problem. This article highlights the current state of diagnostics of gears on the level of accumulated fatigue damage in operation. The generalization of the known information on determination of a technical condition of separate gear wheels, especially with big modules (m> 20 mm), allows to outline prospects of development of such diagnostics of a technical condition of gear wheels directly in the course of operation. Goal. The goal of this study is to develop an algorithm for diagnosing the technical condition and forecasting a fault-free operation of the gears of heavy-duty machines. Methodology. The least squares method and the confidence interval method are used to predict accident-free guaranteed gear operation. Results. A procedure for diagnosing the technical condition of gears by measuring the hardness of the metal has been developed, which includes five main stages: selection of the device; choice of measurement scheme; selection of the number of measurements, number and relative position of measuring points; development of a design of a template for measurements; development of a device for fastening templates. When determining the accident-free guaranteed operating time on the basis of several criteria of the limit state, the final decision is made on the criterion that determines the minimum term. Originality. The method of forecasting accident-free guaranteed operating time of gears is chosen taking into account the stages of running-in and stable in linear function accumulation of damage in operation. Practical value. The use of the developed procedure for diagnosing the technical condition of the gears of gearboxes of heavy-duty machines will significantly increase the efficiency of their operation due to the transition from scheduled preventive maintenance to maintenance according to the actual technical condition.


2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Rawaa Y Al-Rawee ◽  
Bashar Abdul-Ghani Tawfeeq

Aims and objectives: To compare the efficacy and outcome of arch bar versus plating fixation on the integrity of the osteomised segment. Materials And Methods: The study involved a total of 43 patients (86 jaws) undergoing upper (Wassmund) and lower (Kole) anterior segmental osteotomy from (2006-2013) in the Maxillofacial Department in Al-Salam Teaching Hospital/Mosul. The sample was divided into two groups, group A (43 jaws), the osteotomized segments fixed with the arch bar, while group B (43 jaws) fixed with mini-plates. The clinical evaluation includes the following criteria: pain, swelling, bleeding, wound healing, oral hygiene ,integrity of stabilization, relapse rate and duration of operation. Results: Clinical parameters as pain, swelling, and wound healing show no significant differences between groups; on the contrary, the bleeding scale and gingival health scale show very high significant differences in p-value. The integrity of stabilization immediately in operation reveals stable surgical correction in both groups. Still, one jaw from each group develops significant mobility (grade II) that necessitate the use of additional local types of fixation. Duration of operation: this manure could be operator skill dependent, in that most cases managed clinically in teaching hospitals necessitating some delayed time in operative work, but as a mean time overall patients in group A was 90 minutes, while in group B was 77 minutes. Conclusions: According to this study, we prefer to use an arch bar rather than manipulates for fixation of anterior segmental osteotomies. Key words: Arch Bar, Complication, Fixation, Miniplate, Osteotomy.


2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 28-45
Author(s):  
Ivan P. Ohrymenko ◽  
Nikolai N. Kolchevsky ◽  
Pavel P. Petrov

The general principles of gravitational waves detection are considered in this paper. Current gravitational wave detectors represent modernized Michelson interferometer LIGO-detector. Reduction of vibrations in the system and high stabilization of the reflective mirrors is one of the technical problem of the LIGO. It is proposed to study the features of the LIGO-detector with movable mirrors. The software simulating the operation of the LIGO and providing an opportunity to study its characteristics and capacity is developed and named LIGO-RM. The primary goal of the modelling is to study the signal of the gravitational waves detector with oscillating mirrors. The LIGO-RM contains graphic user interface (GUI) that provides interactive control of mirrors movement nature and monitoring of detector signal change. The software simulates the presence of gravitational wave of a requested type and makes it able to monitor its effect on the operation results of the LIGO interferometer in interactive mode or as a numerical outcome. A range of numerical experiments is conducted and the signals on the detector with and without mirrors oscillations are shown. The results of calculations and a possibility of the registration of the gravitational waves using the LIGO-detector with movable mirrors are discussed.


2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 127
Author(s):  
A.M Shiddiq Yunus ◽  
Musrady Mulyadi ◽  
Apollo Apollo ◽  
Rifqy Rinaldi Wahid ◽  
Rima Zalsabillah

Water supply is a crucial for human lives, not only for daily activities but also for secondary purposes such as for watering garden, paddy fields etc. There are many efforts of human in fulfilling their water supply needs. Most of water supply is provided by using electric motor pumps which in certain cases might increase the financial cost. In this paper, wind energy is applied to pumping water mechanically whilst it combines with solar panel which works to pump water during less wind speed condition. The micro-controller Arduino-Uno is employed to manage the collaboration operation between wind and solar panel. The design concept and construction are presented and discussed. The operation results exhibit good operation performance and could be developed for the real application.


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