A Fictitious Replicated Display about the Effect of Physiotherapy and Health Education Programs on the Surgical Repair of Vesico-Vaginal Fistula

Objectives: Surgery is the only effective therapy for the majority of Vesico-Vaginal (V-V) fistulae. The current research assessed the effect of a planned program of pre- and postoperative physiotherapy and health education on the outcome of V-V fistula surgery. Methods: We examined the postoperative outcomes of two groups of women with V-V fistulae recruited and followed up on by two local nonprofit organizations at a hospital in Saudi Arabia on April-October 2021. The first group of women (n = 99) underwent fistula repair using conventional procedures. The second group (n = 112) had a standardized surgical technique as well as a systematic pre- and postoperative health education and physiotherapy regimen. Results: The training had a strong favorable influence on overall recovery and urine incontinence in particular. The chances of recovery after physiotherapy were 2.7 times higher for women in the physiotherapy group than for control patients, and the likelihood of postoperative stress incontinence was significantly higher for patients in the control group than for those in the physiotherapy group (P value 0.001). Conclusion: A planned program of health education and physiotherapy provided by skilled nurses and physiotherapists increases the chance of a satisfactory result after V-V fistula repair surgery.

Long-Term Follow-up of Unilateral Cleft lip and Palate: Incidence of Speech-Correcting Surgeries and Fistula Formation

Objective The ideal surgical protocol and technique for primary closure of unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) are unclear, and the development of velopharyngeal insufficiency and fistulae following primary repair is common. This study aimed to determine the long-term surgical burden of care in terms of secondary surgeries, defined as speech-correcting surgeries (SCSs) and fistula repair, in a UCLP population, and to compare outcomes of various surgical protocols. Design Retrospective, single-center review. Participants The study comprised 290 nonsyndromic children with complete UCLP. Different surgical protocols entailing both single-stage and 2-stage approaches were compared, and the surgical outcome was analyzed at the time of alveolar bone grafting (ABG) and post ABG. Results Altogether 110 children (37.9%) underwent secondary surgery by the time of ABG. Of the total population 25.9% (n = 75) had undergone SCS and 17.2% (n = 50) had undergone fistula repair. The respective incidences at follow-up (post ABG) were 30.3% (n = 88) and 18.9% (n = 55). Median age at ABG was 9.8 years and at follow-up was 16.3 years. No significant difference emerged in terms of secondary surgeries between the techniques and protocols applied at primary repair. However, some differences occurred regarding the location of fistulae; the single-stage procedure had more anterior fistula repairs, particularly connected to a perialveolar fistula. Conclusions Although the outcome differences between the surgical protocols were small, indicating that none of the treatment protocols was clearly superior to another, attention was drawn to the favorable outcomes of the single-stage protocol.

Post-traumatic rectourethral fistula in an adolescent managed via a transperineal approach using a local gluteal tissue interposition flap: a case report

Background Rectourethral fistula is a rare disease with a wide variety of etiologies and clinical presentations. A definitive surgical procedure for rectourethral fistula repair has not been established. Case presentation A 13-year-old boy sustained a penetrating injury to the perineum, and developed a symptomatic rectourethral fistula thereafter. Conservative management through urinary diversion and transanal repair was unsuccessful. Fecal diversion with loop colostomy was performed, and three months later, a fistula repair was performed via a transperineal approach with interposition of a local gluteal tissue flap. There were no postoperative complications, and magnetic resonance imaging studies confirmed the successful closure of the fistula. The urinary and fecal diversions were reverted 1 and 6 months after the fistula repair, respectively, and postoperative excretory system complications did not occur. Conclusions The transperineal approach with interposition of a local gluteal tissue flap provides a viable surgical option for adolescent patients with rectourethral fistulas who are unresponsive to conservative management.

Staged transverse preputial island flap urethroplasty for some proximal hypospadias with moderate-to-severe chordee

Background We aimed to assess the outcome of staged transverse preputial island flap (TPIF) urethroplasty for repairing certain cases of primary proximal hypospadias with moderate-to-severe chordee in children. Methods Nighty-two consecutive boys who underwent either one-stage or staged TPIF urethroplasty for the repair of proximal hypospadias with moderate-to-severe chordee between August 2015 and December 2019 were evaluated retrospectively. Patients were divided into two groups: one-stage TPIF urethroplasty group (n = 44) and staged TPIF urethroplasty group (n = 48). We noted and compared the postoperative complications, including urethrocutaneous fistula, urethral diverticula, residual penile curvature, and urethral stricture in both groups. Results Both groups were followed up for 1–5 years, with an average of 3 years. No cases of residual or recurrence of penile chordee were reported in either group. In Group A, 9 patients (9/44, 20.4%) had postoperative urethrocutaneous fistula, and all patients underwent urinary fistula repair or urethroplasty. In Group B, postoperative urethrocutaneous fistula occurred in 2 cases (2/48, 4.1%), and one patient developed a urethrocutaneous fistula after the first operation, which was successfully repaired during the second operation. A urethrocutaneous fistula occurred in 1 case after completion of the second-stage operation; urethral fistula repair was performed successfully 6 months later. There were 2 cases of urethral stricture in Group A (2/44, 4.5%) and none in Group B. There were 6 cases of urethral diverticulum in Group A (6/44, 13.6%) and no cases of urethral diverticulum in Group B. The operative success rates were 61.3% and 95.8% in Group A and Group B, respectively (P < 0.001). Conclusions Compared with one-stage TPIF urethroplasty, staged TPIF urethroplasty in the treatment of certain cases of primary proximal hypospadias with moderate-to-severe chordee resulted in fewer postoperative fistulas, urethral strictures and urethral diverticula. The staged TPIF urethroplasty procedure was effective in reducing the operation difficulty and complication rate of hypospadias, improving the curative effect of complex hypospadias and having good clinical application value.