Modeling the Internal Control Constraint of University Research Funding System

With the in-depth development of the trend of scientific and technological innovation and the implementation of the “Double First-Class” strategy, universities shouldering the scientific research task are constantly promoting the development of scientific research projects with the support of national policies and the scientific research funds are also significantly increased. However, due to the defects of the existing internal control system of scientific research funds in universities, scientific research corruption cases occur frequently. Therefore, it is urgent to build a strong internal control system of scientific research funds to meet the development requirements of the “Double First-class” strategy. For this reason, this paper uses the method of case study, combines the five elements of the COSO internal control system and the internal control norms of Chinese administrative institutions, selects three typical cases of university research corruption, and finally constructs the internal control constraint model of university research funds. This model puts forward suggestions to improve the internal control system of the scientific research funds in universities from four aspects of environmental constraint, psychological constraint, control constraint, and regulatory constraint. Through the construction of the model, it is expected to provide some reference for the construction of the internal control system of scientific research funds in universities.

Minimum-Fuel Ascent of Hypersonic Vehicle considering Control Constraint Using the Improved Pigeon-Inspired Optimization Algorithm

Trajectory optimization problem for hypersonic vehicles has long been recognized as a difficult problem. This paper brings control constraints into the trajectory optimization to make the optimal trajectory meet the requirements of control performance. The strong nonlinear characteristic of the ascent phase aerodynamics makes the trajectory optimization problem difficult to be solved by the optimal control theory. A trajectory optimization algorithm based on the improved pigeon-inspired optimization (PIO) algorithm is proposed to solve the complex trajectory optimization problem under multiple constraints. To overcome the obstacle of premature convergence and deceptiveness, the evolutionary strategy of qubit in quantum evolutionary algorithm (QEA) is introduced into the PIO to maintain population diversity and judge the optimal solution. To handle constraints, the penalty function is used to construct the fitness function. The optimal ascent trajectory is obtained by utilizing the improved PIO algorithm. Then, the trajectory inverse algorithm is used to verify the feasibility of the optimal trajectory to ensure that a feasible optimal trajectory is obtained. The comparison results show that the proposed algorithm outperforms particle swarm optimization (PSO) and standard PIO on trajectory optimization. Meanwhile, the simulation result shows that the performance of the optimal ascent trajectory with control constraints is improved and the trajectory is feasible. Therefore, the method is potentially feasible for solving the ascent trajectory optimization problem under control constraint for hypersonic vehicles.

Quality control constraint of Guizotia abyssinica Cass, source of medicinally useful edible oil seeds

Introduction: Guizotia abyssinica Cass. branched herb with erect, stout stem, commonly known as Ramtil or Niger seed. Seeds are the rich source of oil with high nutritional index. Traditionally the seed powder is used as remedy for cough, oil in cases of rheumatism. Apart from this the seeds are also used for different dishes like chutney, condiments etc. Hence a study has been designed to document pharmacognostic, physicochemical & phytochemical data on above drug. Materials and Methods: Matured seeds were collected, authenticated and used for the study. Macro-microscopy, physicochemical, phytochemical standards and HPTLC marked using proper protocol. Results: Seeds are achene, obovoid and narrowly long like a needle, black with white to yellow scars on the top. Microscopic study shown the presence of epidermis and endodermis filled with alluerone grains and oil globules. Physico-chemical standards mark the purity of the drug. Alkaloid, Steroid, Carbohydrate, Terpenoid & Coumarins were detected as secondary metabolites. HPTLC revealed prominent spots with Rf values 0.54, 0.58, & 0.70 under short UV and 0.45& 0.82 under long UV. Conclusion: Pharmacognostic values depicted in this paper are a measure of its quality standards