Fertilizer deposition as a function of angular velocity and inclination of the helical dosing mechanism

ABSTRACT The establishment of grain crops in Brazil is an important industrial process in the agricultural chain, requiring the correct deposition of granular fertilizer over the sowing furrow and more efficient, precise, and sustainable assessments in the operation, which can be achieved with the statistical process control. This study aimed to assess the effect of the angular velocity on different inclinations of the helical metering mechanism on the granular fertilizer deposition. An automated electronic bench was used to assess the deposition quality of granular fertilizers considering different angular velocities (1.11, 1.94, and 2.77 m s-1) and longitudinal and transverse inclinations (+15, +7.5, 0, −7.5, and −15°), with the helical doser by overflow. Flow data were collected and submitted to descriptive statistics and statistical process control. The metering mechanism showed expected variations, with acceptable performance under process control. The values of the flow rates of the granular fertilizer increased as velocity increased, standing out longitudinal inclinations of +7.5 and +15°, providing higher fertilizer depositions.

Synchronization-Free Multivariate Statistical Process Control for Online Monitoring of Batch Process Evolution

Synchronization of variable trajectories from batch process data is a delicate operation that can induce artifacts in the definition of multivariate statistical process control (MSPC) models for real-time monitoring of batch processes. The current paper introduces a new synchronization-free approach for online batch MSPC. This approach is based on the use of local MSPC models that cover a normal operating conditions (NOC) trajectory defined from principal component analysis (PCA) modeling of non-synchronized historical batches. The rationale behind is that, although non-synchronized NOC batches are used, an overall NOC trajectory with a consistent evolution pattern can be described, even if batch-to-batch natural delays and differences between process starting and end points exist. Afterwards, the local MSPC models are used to monitor the evolution of new batches and derive the related MSPC chart. During the real-time monitoring of a new batch, this strategy allows testing whether every new observation is following or not the NOC trajectory. For a NOC observation, an additional indication of the batch process progress is provided based on the identification of the local MSPC model that provides the lowest residuals. When an observation deviates from the NOC behavior, contribution plots based on the projection of the observation to the best local MSPC model identified in the last NOC observation are used to diagnose the variables related to the fault. This methodology is illustrated using two real examples of NIR-monitored batch processes: a fluidized bed drying process and a batch distillation of gasoline blends with ethanol.

Analisis Pengendalian Kualitas Crude Palm Oil (CPO) PT. Kampar Tunggal Agrindo Dengan Menggunakan Statistical Process Control

Kampar Tunggal Agrindo merupakan perusahaan yang bergerak dibidang Pabrik Kelapa Sawit berskala 15 T/H berasal dari Kabupaten Kampar mengolah buah brondolan sawit menjadi minyak mentah (crude palm oil). Perusahaan ini mengalami ketidaksesuaian standart hasil produksi yang ditetapkan oleh perusahaan, dengan standar kadar asam < 30%, kadar air <0,50%, kadar kotoran <0,030%. Maka dari itu dibutuhkan analisis menggunakan metode statistical process control. Dari 3 parameter analisis ketidaksesuaian standart produk crude palm oil (CPO), diparamater kadar asam dan kadar air ada beberapa data yang out of control yang berarti tidak terkendali dan harus dilakukan analisis lebih lanjut. Dari 3 parameter kualitas produk CPO, maka yang menjadi prioritas untuk diperbaiki adalah parameter kadar air. Akar penyebab dari tingginya kadar air (> 0,50%) adalah manusia antara lain kurangnya inspeksi pada waktu perebusan akibatnya tekanan steam uap berlebihan sehingga suhu terlalu panas akibat kurang komunikasi antara operator boiler dan perebusan. Untuk itu perlu dilakukan pengawasan SOP dari pihak kepala produksi terhadap operator, penambahan unit material handling berupa loader dan merancang checklist preventif untuk mencegah kerusakan.

Analisis Pengendalian Mutu Kadar Air Teh Hitam pada Industri Pengolahan Teh

Quality control is intended to maintain and improve quality and maintain the safety of the products produced. This study uses Statistical Process Control by using several tools such as check sheets, control charts and fishbone diagrams to determine the cause of the decline in quality in tea with the aim that the next process can minimize the level of product quality decline. This study aims to determine the dominant cause of the decline in tea quality when viewed from the water content in tea. Based on the results of the study, it can be seen that the dominant cause of the decline in tea quality is the highwater content of dry tea. This type of deterioration can be caused by human error and other factors such as machine condition, raw materials and process monitoring.

Analisis Pengendalian Kualitas Kain Oxford Lebar (TR30/TR16 124 44 62) Menggunakan Software R dengan Metode Statistical Process Control pada Produksi Line 1 (Studi Kasus: PT Sari Warna Asli Unit 1, Karanganyar)

PT Sari Warna Asli Unit 1 adalah sebuah perusahaan tekstil unit finishing yang merupakan salah satu unit perusahaan PT Sari Warna Asli Group. Produk dari perusahaan dipasarkan tidak hanya lokal namun juga mancanegara sehingga perusahaan membuat produk dalam skala besar. Dalam proses produksi, perusahaan tidak jarang mengalami masalah kecacatan produk yang jumlahnya sangat besar. Kecacatan produk menyebabkan nilai jual dari perusahaan menurun dan terjadi keterlambatan pengiriman karena produk cacat memerlukan proses ulang untuk perbaikan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui jenis kecacatan produk yang paling dominan menggunakan diagram pareto dan mengetahui apakah jenis kecacatan dominan tersebut terkendali atau tidak menggunakan peta kendali p software R sehingga dapat dianalisis penyebabnya menggunakan fishbone diagram dan diberikan usulan perbaikan untuk meminimalisir jumlah kecacatan tersebut. Metode yang digunakan yaitu pengendalian kualitas dengan Statistical Process Control (SPC). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, jenis kecacatan produk kain oxford kontruksi TR30/TR16 124 44 62 bulan Juli 2021 yang paling dominan yaitu flek obat sebesar 1361 yard atau sebanyak 25%. Dari peta kendali atribut p, diketahui bahwa jenis kecacatan flek obat tidak terkendali. Setelah dianalisis akar masalah menggunakan fishbone diagram, diketahui faktor-faktor penyebab dari flek obat yaitu tenaga kerja, metode, lingkungan kerja, bahan baku (grey) dan mesin.