An Improved Integrated Scheduling Algorithm with Process Sequence Time-Selective Strategy

The integrated scheduling algorithm of process sequence time-selective strategy (ISAOPSTSS) is an advanced algorithm in the field of integrated scheduling. The proposed algorithm points out the shortcomings of the process sequence time-selective strategy. Generally, there are too many “trial scheduling” times. The authors propose that there is no need to make “trial scheduling” at every “quasi-scheduling time point.” In fact, the process scheduling scheme can be obtained by trial scheduling on some “quasi-scheduling time points.” The scheduling result is the same as that of the sequence timing strategy. The proposed algorithm reduces the runtime of scheduling algorithm and improves the performance of the algorithm without reducing the optimization effect.

ADDRESSING THE CROSSTALK ISSUE IN IMAGING USING SEISMIC MULTIPLE WAVEFIELDS

Surface-related multiple wavefields constitute redundant information in conventional migration and can often be difficult to attenuate. However, when used for migration, multiple wavefields can improve subsurface illumination. Unfortunately, the process of imaging using multiples involves the management of crosstalk, which largely restricts its application. Crosstalk causes phantom images formed by spurious correlation of unrelated events in a migration process. These events can be unrelated orders of multiples in the source and receiver wavefields; they can also be one event associated with a reflector in the source wavefield and another event generated by a different reflector in the receiver wavefield. In this paper, we first examine crosstalk by explicitly investigating its generation mechanisms in a migration process and classifying it into different categories based on causality. Following this analysis, crosstalk can be predicted in a migration process and subtracted in the image domain; however, this method is usually difficult to apply due to the complexity of wavefield separation and adaptive subtraction. Furthermore, we present different algorithms to attenuate the crosstalk, including a deconvolution imaging condition, a least-squares migration (LSM) method, and an advanced algorithm combining LSM with a deconvolution imaging condition. We illustrate these different strategies on synthetic examples. A deconvolution imaging condition can attenuate some crosstalk, but it is less effective at suppressing strong coherent crosstalk events. However, the LSM method can fundamentally address the crosstalk issue, and this approach is further optimized when combined with a deconvolution imaging condition.

Blockchain, Cybersecurity, and Industry 4.0

The world is going digital, and the wave of automation is sweeping across all facets of our corporate and personal lives. Industry 4.0 is all about leveraging IoT (internet of things) devices to facilitate further the process of automation that helps all organisations to rapidly scale by leveraging technology. The amount of data and information generated by the connected things is being harnessed with the help of advanced algorithm empowered analytics to induce intelligence into all the actions undertaken for the functioning of these connected devices. This chapter is geared towards giving a representative outlook on the concepts of blockchain that see a base in the concepts of cybersecurity. Further to that, this chapter explores the very imminent use cases of what we call the Industry 4.0. This includes use cases from remmitance, insurance, governance, internet of things (IoT), and supply chain, including the kinds of challenges we currently face.

Algorithm of surface relief retrieval at arbitrary phase shift between interferograms

Improved algorithm for processing of interferograms obtained by a single arbitrary phase shift of the reference beam is proposed to reproduce the surface relief (SR). The advanced algorithm makes it possible to reproduce not only the relief of smooth or nanorough surfaces, but also its separate components, thus macrorelief (waviness) and nanorelief (roughness). Computer modulation of this algorithm was used to analyze the errors of complete SR and its components reproduction. The analysis allowed us to identify two factors that significantly affect the errors of the SR components determining by this algorithm. First, it turned out that the error of SR reproduction as the sum of macro- and nanoreliefs is much smaller than errors of these components reproduction, because the correlation coefficient between the errors fields of these components reproduction is close to 0,9. Therefore, it is better to extract the macrorelief phase map by filtering from the expanded (decyclized) SR phase map than from the collapsed (cyclic) one, which is possible by introducing the second iteration of SR recovery into the algorithm, which significantly reduces the errors. The second factor is related to boundary effects, which are observed during use of Fast Fourier transform (FFT) and spatial filtering to determine the macrorelief phase map and which increase its reproduction error. For this reason, it is proposed to eliminate the influence of boundary effects. The obtained dependences of the relief and its components reproduction errors from the test surfaces roughness for the advanced processing algorithm indicate a significant errors reduction comparing to the corresponding dependences for its previous version. These dependences are the theoretical limit for SR and its components reproduction errors in the case of using the advanced algorithm for interferograms processing.