ЦИФРОВІ ІНСТРУМЕНТИ ЛІТЕРАТУРНОЇ ОСВІТИ МАЙБУТНІХ УЧИТЕЛІВ ПОЧАТКОВОЇ ШКОЛИ В УМОВАХ ДИСТАНЦІЙНОГО НАВЧАННЯ

У статті зроблено аналіз особливостей використання цифрових інструментів та організації інтегрованої з методикою навчання літературної освіти майбутніх учителів початкової школи в умовах дистанційного навчання. Зазначено, що в процесі підготовки студентів-педагогів у ДВНЗ «Прикарпатський національний університет імені Василя Стефаника» дистанційне навчання відбувається на основі використання доступних платформ, ресурсів та цифрових інструментів. Розглянуто апробовані у 2020-2021 н.р. цифрові інструменти, інтегровані з методикою навчання літературної освіти студентів, – набір Інтернет-платформ, онлайн сервісів, програм, конструкторів, додатків та інших цифрових ресурсів, які дають змогу забезпечити формування літературної та методичної компетентностей здобувачів педагогічної освіти. Запропоновано огляд моделей взаємодії викладача і студентів, практикованих під час дистанційного вивчення дисципліни «Дитяча література та методика навчання літературного читання» (спеціальність «Початкова освіта»). Йдеться про синхронну взаємодію в реальному часі та єдиному віртуальному просторі через відеозв’язок (ресурси google meet, zoom); опосередковану (асинхронну) взаємодію під час виконання й перевірки завдань (d-learn, classroom); індивідуальну й колективну взаємодію з використанням приватних каналів спілкування (мобільний зв’язок, e-mail, viber, facebook). Охарактеризовано та класифіковано актуальні під час формування літературної та методичної компетентностей студентів цифрові інструменти чотирьох груп: платформи для організації онлайн навчання, пошукові системи, онлайн сервіси й комп’ютерні програми для створення цифрового контенту і медіапродуктів для професійної діяльності, програми для оцінювання знань. Подано перелік вебсервісів для створення інтерактивних плакатів (Thinglink, Glogster), інтерактивних часових стрічок подій з додаванням фото, аудіо та відеоматеріалів (Tiki-Toki, Time line JS, Time.Graphics), карт пам’яті, ментальних карт (FreeMind, iMindMap, Mindomo, Mindmeister, Spiderscribe), створення анімаційних роликів та відеоскрайбінгу (Powtoon.com, Sparkol VideoScribe), хмари слів (Mentimeter, Wordart.com, Word it out), інтерактивних вправ і завдань (Learning Apps) та ін. На підставі проведення емпіричного дослідження та результатів опитування майбутніх учителів початкової школи стверджено, що підвищенню пізнавального інтересу й мотивації до навчання студентів в умовах дистанційного навчання сприяють нетрадиційні й авторські методи та форми роботи, зокрема онлайн зустрічі з письменниками («Літературна академія»), учителями й бібліотекарями, майстер-класи, онлайн аукціони методичних ідей, організація інтерактивної взаємодії студентів під час підготовки та презентації групових проєктів. Зазначено позитивні й негативні аспекти дистанційного навчання.

Milestones and cornerstones: Queering the life course

Rather than refuting or challenging the claims by Baert, Morgan, and Ushiyama to originality, the objective of this commentary is to flesh out “existence theory” by extending its repertoire of examples and by expanding on its classical and philosophical sources. Drawing on precedents in canonical statements by Vico, Weber, Durkheim, Simmel, and Marx, this response poses questions about the model’s implied assumption of a time-line that traces a “straight” path from the past to the present and future by invoking the alternative imagery of a circular history, cyclical time, or “queer” life course. To support this argument, contemporary queer theories are invoked to supplement the concept-metaphor of “existential milestones” with that of “existential cornerstones,” which do not always suggest that human development follows a single path or a binding timeline. The civil institutions of religion, marriage, and burial, as discussed by both classical sociologists and queer theorists, for instance, may be defined by a sense of necessity and inevitability but also by contingency and coincidence.

Covariant Space-Time Line Elements in the Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker Geometry

Most quantum gravity theories endow space-time with a discreet nature by space quantization on the order of Planck length (lp ). This discreetness could be demonstrated by confirmation of Lorentz invariance violations (LIV) manifested at length scales proportional to lp. In this paper, space-time line elements compatible with the uncertainty principle are calculated for a homogeneous, isotropic expanding Universe represented by the Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker solution to General Relativity (FLRW or FRW metric). To achieve this, the covariant geometric uncertainty principle (GeUP) is applied as a constraint over geodesics in FRW geometries. A generic expression for the quadratic proper space-time line element is derived, proportional to Planck length-squared and dependent on two contributions. The first is associated to the energy-time uncertainty, and the second depends on the Hubble function. The results are in agreement with space-time quantization on the expected length orders, according to quantum gravity theories and experimental constraints on LIV.

The Bride of the Desert

<p>The Syrian civil war has caused the largest global migration in history, where more than 11 million refugees have been forced to leave their home country due to political conflict. In January 2016 Angela Merkel announced that Syrian war refugees in Europe would be repatriated once the Syrian war is over. But for many Syrians, their homes have been destroyed. The problem for the returning Syrian people is more than simply providing housing - even more important is how to provide a renewed sense of community as well as cultural and place identity for the returning refugees. This thesis reflects on how architecture can make a difference in helping to re-establish the cultural and place identity of a war-torn country. The investigation takes a speculative approach to this topic with the principal objective being to provoke discussion and awareness about the fragile future of war-torn historic cities like Palmyra in Syria. The investigation explores how architectural narrative can be perceived metaphorically as a guardian or a hero sitting within or on the outskirts of a devastated city, watching over it, in a place where it can reflect upon the historic symbolic attributes of the city that once provided its place identity. The Syrian site of this investigation is in Palmyra, and for this site the most important attributes are: the historic Roman ruins to the south (past), the new city being rebuilt in the north (future), the community camel racing track in the west (recreation, freedom) and the Tadmor Prison in the east (imprisonment, restriction). These four sites can be understood as icons of the city’s ongoing time line, and acting as catalysts for new development that ensure the continuity of the community’s past and future. The final design proposition is to establish a metaphorical sanctuary for returning Syrian refugees, a place that functions as: 1) a memorial to ensure remembrance of the devastating crisis, 2) an archive of broken cultural artefacts, and 3) a place where returning refugees can come to understand the war as but one chapter in an ongoing cultural heritage that has endured the past and will move forward proudly into the future. This metaphorical sanctuary acts as a ‘guardian’, meant to greet the refugees upon their return to their homeland. As a sanctuary, they ‘inhabit’ it while awaiting the rebuilding of their homes - and by inhabiting it, they become a community with others who have suffered devastating loss, others who are determined to remember, and to move forward. This speculative sanctuary design has been conceived to aid them in the essential process of recovery, as an architectural exhibition. Like similar work of Woods and Libeskind, it is buildable architecture, never intended to be built. Through this memorial/sanctuary, the devastation of war and tragic loss can be reflected upon as one segment of an ongoing eternal time line linked back to their ancient civilization, so that the recent war is not perceived as an ending of their community, but instead as an important reminder of a greater narrative that everyone shares, a narrative that can help define their strength and resilience as they move into the future.</p>

The Bride of the Desert

<p>The Syrian civil war has caused the largest global migration in history, where more than 11 million refugees have been forced to leave their home country due to political conflict. In January 2016 Angela Merkel announced that Syrian war refugees in Europe would be repatriated once the Syrian war is over. But for many Syrians, their homes have been destroyed. The problem for the returning Syrian people is more than simply providing housing - even more important is how to provide a renewed sense of community as well as cultural and place identity for the returning refugees. This thesis reflects on how architecture can make a difference in helping to re-establish the cultural and place identity of a war-torn country. The investigation takes a speculative approach to this topic with the principal objective being to provoke discussion and awareness about the fragile future of war-torn historic cities like Palmyra in Syria. The investigation explores how architectural narrative can be perceived metaphorically as a guardian or a hero sitting within or on the outskirts of a devastated city, watching over it, in a place where it can reflect upon the historic symbolic attributes of the city that once provided its place identity. The Syrian site of this investigation is in Palmyra, and for this site the most important attributes are: the historic Roman ruins to the south (past), the new city being rebuilt in the north (future), the community camel racing track in the west (recreation, freedom) and the Tadmor Prison in the east (imprisonment, restriction). These four sites can be understood as icons of the city’s ongoing time line, and acting as catalysts for new development that ensure the continuity of the community’s past and future. The final design proposition is to establish a metaphorical sanctuary for returning Syrian refugees, a place that functions as: 1) a memorial to ensure remembrance of the devastating crisis, 2) an archive of broken cultural artefacts, and 3) a place where returning refugees can come to understand the war as but one chapter in an ongoing cultural heritage that has endured the past and will move forward proudly into the future. This metaphorical sanctuary acts as a ‘guardian’, meant to greet the refugees upon their return to their homeland. As a sanctuary, they ‘inhabit’ it while awaiting the rebuilding of their homes - and by inhabiting it, they become a community with others who have suffered devastating loss, others who are determined to remember, and to move forward. This speculative sanctuary design has been conceived to aid them in the essential process of recovery, as an architectural exhibition. Like similar work of Woods and Libeskind, it is buildable architecture, never intended to be built. Through this memorial/sanctuary, the devastation of war and tragic loss can be reflected upon as one segment of an ongoing eternal time line linked back to their ancient civilization, so that the recent war is not perceived as an ending of their community, but instead as an important reminder of a greater narrative that everyone shares, a narrative that can help define their strength and resilience as they move into the future.</p>