GLOBAL ASPECTS OF FOREIGN INVESTMENTS FLOW

Foreign investment fund in the world has multiplied several times in the last twodecades. However, growing trend of foreign investments fl ow has been broken by the recentfi nancial crisis in the world. Lower infl ow of foreign investments into the developingcountries has made the funding of their current accounts diffi cult, because it becamemore diffi cult for them to get loans in the international capital market. Most net importersof capital are net debtors in the international capital market, which made them increaseinvestment attractiveness for international investors. Thus they tried to decrease theirexposure to the loan market. Although foreign investments are desirable source of fundingthe current account defi cit, net infl ow of these funds generates negative balance in theincome account and puts pressure on the balance of payments of the country. World investmentfl ows have returned to the upward trend in 2013.This paper analyses foreign investments fl ow in the world, by groups of countries.The groups of countries, the subject analysis of this paper, are: Asia, Latin America,Africa, countries in transition and developed countries. The most signifi cant countriesthat are net exporters of capital in the world are the European Union and USA, while thebiggest importers are the growing Asian countries. Starting period for this analysis is1990, and ending period is 2013. Therefore, time series of the analysis covers economiccycles, i.e. rise from the nineties of the last century, then the period of global fi nancial andeconomical crisis that lasted all the ay until the end of 2012.

El discurso de la gobernanza como legitimador de las elites financieras en el campo de las reestructuraciones de deuda soberana

Resumen La legitimidad de los procesos de construcción de normas de alcance global es un elemento central al tiempo de difundirlas y efectivizarlas. En este contexto, los promotores de los nuevos modelos de cláusulas ICMA (International Capital Market Association), en uso del discurso de la gobernanza, realizaron un esfuerzo extendido por presentar su emergencia como el resultado de una matriz política de cooperación horizontal, particularmente amplia e inclusiva. Este artículo analiza la composición y dinámica de esta matriz con el objeto de mostrar quienes –como y porque– participaron en su redacción. De igual modo, la compara con aquella propia de la ONU dirigida a crear una solución alternativa a la de estos modelos, a fin de dar cuenta empíricamente quienes fueron sus principales excluidos. A contramano de lo que postula la literatura especializada, este artículo argumenta que los modelos-ICMA emergieron de una matriz política liderada y controlada por las elites del mercado de deuda soberana que se cerró estratégicamente hacia aquellos agentes con potencialidad de cambio sobre el régimen de reestructuraciones vigente. El artículo advierte sobre la posibilidad de que aquellos elementos del discurso de la gobernanza que promueven valores democráticos sean –como en el caso concreto– utilizados ideológicamente por las elites para presentar sus propios criterios regulatorios como legítimos y extenderlos a vastas extensiones del planeta.

THE GLOBAL IMPACTS OF TRANSFORMATION ON WORLD CAPITAL MARKET

Introduction. The general feature of the modern theory of globalization is the interdependence of economies of countries of the world, which is based on the transformation of national economics into an integrated global world economy. Permanent transformations of world economic processes lead to corresponding changes in the distribution and redistribution of capital. Essential growth of amounts and quantities of ІPO-transactions is showing the high efficiency of the principal financial instrument which is IPO-market. Purpose. The investigation of condition of transformation process on international capital market, installation of tendencies in changing of dynamic of the activity on world IPO market. Results. The globalization of financial markets has a revolutionary effect not only forworld financial market, but also for international investors and borrows of capital. The theoretical concept of globalization of financial markets provides of elimination barriers between domestic and international financial markets. The modern world economy is characterized by three tendencies such as new convergence, cyclical interdependence and dissimilarity in distribution. The essence and forms of manifestation ofthe financiaiization ofthe economics are deployed which leads to an increase in the financial depth of the economy. The essence of the international capital market is complemented by the analysis of problems ofthe development of IPO-market. Conclusion. The international capital market is in a condition of constant renewal through the positive influence of globalization processes in the world economy. The consolidation of Western stock exchanges on the IPO-market is continuing, while stock exchanges are expanding in developing countries throughjoint initiatives and closer integration.