Formulation & Evaluation of Effervescent Tablet of Verapamil Hydrochloride

The chief aim of the present investigation is to study the Formulation & Evaluation of Effervescent Tablet of Verapamil Hydrochloride. The floating tablets of verapamil hydrochloride were prepared by direct compression technique. For each tablet formulation, drug, HPMC-K15M, karaya gum, sodium bicarbonate, and diluents were blended homogeneously for 10 min followed by addition of magnesium stearate. The total weight of each tablet was 300 mg. The amount of karaya gum used was in the range of 40–90 mg, whereas HPMC was used in the range of 20-40 mg. The powder mixture was further mixed for 5 min in a mortar. The resultant mixture was compressed into tablets using a Rimek rotary tablet machine. After preparation, the formulations were evaluated by various parameters. The friability of the tablet formulation varied between 0.3 ± 0.0063 to 0.59 ± 0.0076%. The weight variation of prepared tablet formulation complies with USP limits. The thickness was found to be in the range of 4.1 ± 0.48 to 4.2 ± 0.76 mm. The assay for drug content varied between 96.53 ± 0.36 to 102.03 ± 0.52%. The B1, B5, B6, B9, and B10 exhibited more than 75% drug release at 12 h. The B1 exhibited a maximum of 30 % drug release in the 1st hour and constant release for almost up to 12 h. B8 showed the least drug release among all other formulations; this may be due to the formation of a thick gel barrier on the tablet. Tablets were prepared by direct compression. Technological characteristics of floating tablets were within the Pharmacopoeial limit. Tablets floated for more than 8 h. Complete swelling was achieved by the end of 8 h, so percent swelling was determined at the end of 8 h for all the developed formulations.

Formulation, Development and Characterization of Floating Microspheres of Selected Calcium Channel Blocker

The main aim of the present investigation is to study of formulation, development and characterization of floating mcrospheres of verapamil hydrochloride. Floating microspheres with a central hollow cavity were prepared by using a modified Quasi-emulsion diffusion technique. Weighed quantities of verapamil hydrochloride, ethyl cellulose, polyethylene oxide and hydroxy propylmethyl cellulose (HPMC K15M) were dissolved in a mixture of ethanol and dichloromethane (1:1 solvent ratio) at room temperature in a magnetic stirrer at 50 rpm for 50 min. The samples were assayed for drug content using UV spectrophotometer at 228 nm after suitable dilution. No interference was found due to the other components of floating microspheres at 228 nm. The yield was determined by weighing the microspheres and then the percentage yield was calculated with respect to the weight of the input materials, i.e., weight of verapamil and polymers used. The polymers like ethyl cellulose, eudragit L 100, polyethylene oxide and HPMC were selected for hollow microspheres preparation. These formulations contained ethyl cellulose (2%) and Polyethylene oxide (1%), HPMC K15M (1%) & eudragit L100 (1%) respectively. The encapsulation efficiency ranged between 53 ± 2.2 to 89 ± 1.9%, and was observed that the encapsulation efficiency increased with increasing amount of polymers in the hollow microspheres. The sphericity factors for all formulations were in the range of 1.01 ± 0.2 to 1.29 ± 0.6 and the sphericity values of best formulations F3, F7 and F9 were 1.05±0.2, 1.07 ± 0.1 and 1.16 ± 0.1 respectively. Quassi emulsion method used for preparation of hollow microspheres was suitable for poor water soluble drugs, because the drug was soluble in the internal organic phase.

Comparative efficacy of intralesional verapamil hydrochloride, triamcinolone acetonide and combination of both drug in hypertrophic scars and keloids at tertiary care center

Background: Keloids and hypertrophic scars are still a therapeutic problem. Despite numerous proposed therapies reported in the literature, the management of keloid and hypertrophic scars is still challenging as there is no universally accepted treatment regimen. Compare the efficacy intralesional verapamil hydrochloride and triamcinolone acetonide separately as well as combination of both drug in treatment of hypertrophic scars and keloids.Methods: A retrospective study was carried out at the general surgery department (plastic surgery unit) at the JNUIMSRC Jaipur, Rajasthan. Total of 150 patients (60 males and 90 females) between 18 to 60 years of age were enrolled fulfilling the inclusion criteria. They were randomly categorized in to three groups (group A, B and C), based on treatment they received viz. verapamil alone, triamcinolone alone and combination of both drugs respectively. Assessment of the scars were done prior to or on the day of the first injection and at 24 weeks after the end of injection scheme by Vancouver scar scale (VSS). The decreasing values reflected clinical improvement of the scar.Results: Better improvement observed in all four parameters: height, vascularity, pliability and pigmentation among patients receiving combination of both triamcinolone-verapamil drugs as compare to those patients receiving drugs separately either verapamil or triamcinolone alone. For parameters height, pliability and pigmentation, the improvement was found to be statistically significant (p<0.05)Conclusions: Study highlights that the combined verapamil and triamcinolone therapy scheme causes remarkable scar improvement in keloid and hypertrophic scars in comparison to single drug scheme.

Evaluation of Drug Release from Carboxymethyl Starch-Xanthan Gum-HPMC Matrix

The use of hydrophilic polymers from natural origin. Especially the polysaccharides have been the focus of current research activity in the design of matrix device due to their non toxic, biocompatible, biodegradable nature and broad regulatory acceptance. A large number of polysaccharides such as Carboxymethyl starch, Xanthan gum, Hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC), Sodium Alginate etc, have been used as hydrophilic matrices to investigate release behavior of drug. In order to enrich the resources, there is a quest for new polysaccharide owing to their diverse chemical composition and functional groups are amenable to chemical modification and thus tailor made polymeric matrices are obtained which which can be used to modulate oral drug release. The objective of the study is to characterize Verapamil hydrochloride loaded matrix dosage form using hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC), xanthan gum, corn starch as rate retarding polymer. Dosage forms were prepared using different polymers along with drug Verapamil hydrochloride. Carboxymethylation was performed. Drug release was evaluated in simulated gastric media. Addition of xanthan gum significantly retarded the burse release of drug. The retardation of drug release was found to be dependent upon the concentration. The formulation composed of HPMC K4M and CS (ARI-ARI3) followed super case transport is swelling controlled, purely relaxation controlled drug delivery. Keywords: Verapamil HCl, Natural gums, xanthan gum, HPMC, sustained release