Formulation & Evaluation of Effervescent Tablet of Verapamil Hydrochloride

The chief aim of the present investigation is to study the Formulation & Evaluation of Effervescent Tablet of Verapamil Hydrochloride. The floating tablets of verapamil hydrochloride were prepared by direct compression technique. For each tablet formulation, drug, HPMC-K15M, karaya gum, sodium bicarbonate, and diluents were blended homogeneously for 10 min followed by addition of magnesium stearate. The total weight of each tablet was 300 mg. The amount of karaya gum used was in the range of 40–90 mg, whereas HPMC was used in the range of 20-40 mg. The powder mixture was further mixed for 5 min in a mortar. The resultant mixture was compressed into tablets using a Rimek rotary tablet machine. After preparation, the formulations were evaluated by various parameters. The friability of the tablet formulation varied between 0.3 ± 0.0063 to 0.59 ± 0.0076%. The weight variation of prepared tablet formulation complies with USP limits. The thickness was found to be in the range of 4.1 ± 0.48 to 4.2 ± 0.76 mm. The assay for drug content varied between 96.53 ± 0.36 to 102.03 ± 0.52%. The B1, B5, B6, B9, and B10 exhibited more than 75% drug release at 12 h. The B1 exhibited a maximum of 30 % drug release in the 1st hour and constant release for almost up to 12 h. B8 showed the least drug release among all other formulations; this may be due to the formation of a thick gel barrier on the tablet. Tablets were prepared by direct compression. Technological characteristics of floating tablets were within the Pharmacopoeial limit. Tablets floated for more than 8 h. Complete swelling was achieved by the end of 8 h, so percent swelling was determined at the end of 8 h for all the developed formulations.

Synthesis and Characterization of calcium Starch: A New Controlled Release Polymer for floating tablets of Losartan Potassium

Losartan potassium is used to treat high blood pressure (hypertension). The present study was aimed to prepare a floating drug delivery system to design a controlled release oral dosage form of Losartan potassium. This helps to overcome the demerit of limited residence time of the drug in the gastrointestinal track and hence to increase the duration of release. Hence objective of the present study is to develop Losartan potassium floating tablets by direct compression method using calcium starch as release retarding polymer. The calcium starch was synthesized by gelatinizing potato starch in the presence of sodium hydroxide and cross linking by treatment with calcium chloride. The micromeritic properties studies indicated that calcium starch is a promising pharmaceutical excipient in tablets. Floating tablets of Losartan potassium was formulated by direct compression technique, using different concentration of calcium starch and compared with HPMC K-100 as release retard polymer. As the amount of calcium starch in the tablet increased, the drug release decreased. The formulation F5 containing 125 mg calcium starch showed better controlled release of 76.38% after 12 hours.

Formulation and Evaluation of Gastroretentive Floating Tablets of Febuxostat

The present research work done with an objective of preparation and evaluation of floating tablets of Febuxostat drug with Hydroxypropylenemethyl cellulose (HPMC), Polyox N-60K, Carbopol 934 P and Guar gum polymers. Floating tablets were based on effervescent approach using sodium bicarbonate a gas releasing agent. Direct compression method was used in present study for preparation of tablets. Effect of polymers was evaluated by studying drug release and floating time. In-vitro drug release profile indicates that sustained nature increased by increasing the concentration of polymer. The formulation containing Polyox N-60K and Carbopol 934 P in combination was optimized as it showed drug release up to 12hrs. Optimized formulation F18 was found stable during stability condition up to 1 month.

FORMULATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF CLARITHROMYCIN FLOATING TABLETS BY USING VARIOUS POLYMERS

The present study outlines a systematic approach for designing and development of Clarithromycin floating tablets to enhance the bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy of the drug. Floating tablets of Clarithromycin have shown sustained release there by proper duration of action at a particular site and are designed to prolong the gastric residence time after oral administration. Different formulations were formulated by using direct compression technique. A floating drug delivery system (FDDS) was developed by using sodium bicarbonate as gas-forming agent and Chitosan, HPMC K4M and Ethyl cellulose as polymers. The preformulation parameters like Organoleptic properties, angle of repose, bulk density, tapped density, Hausners ratio, carrs index and compressibility index of pure drug was evaluated and complied with the pharmacopoeial specifications. FTIR studies showed there was no interaction between drug and polymer. The prepared tablets were evaluated in terms of their physical characteristics, post compression parameters in vitro release and buoyancy lag time the results of the in vitro release studies showed that the optimized formulation (C7) could sustain drug release for 12 hrs by using Ethyl cellulose in the concentration of 50 mg. The in vitro drug release followed Kors Mayer peppas release. Results revealed that the floating formulation of the Clarithromycin is the best formulation to obtain better therapeutic effect and Ethyl cellulose at a concentration of 50mg up to some extent it increases the Bioavailability of the drug to retain the dosage form on the desired site for effective period of the time.

Formulation and in vitro Evaluation of Effervescent Bilayer Floating Controlled Release Tablets of Clarithromycin and Famotidine

The development of floating tablets with required buoyancy, lag time, and controlling release behaviour of drugs at target site is truly interesting and challenging task for researchers. Current study is concerned with the designing of effervescent floating controlled release tablets of clarithromycin and famotidine to treat peptic ulcer due to Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection. Five formulations (F1-F5) were prepared, among which three formulations were of bilayered tablets while the remaining were included as plain tablets. These tablets were prepared by direct compression method using hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) K100M, HPMC K4M and sodium bicarbonate as swelling and floating agents respectively. The qualitative tests such as thickness, hardness, weight variation, friability and uniformity of content were performed to ensure the quality of prepared tablets. The floating lag time of all formulations ranged from 14 to 20 seconds. The effervescent floating tablets with HPMC K4M (F1, F3 & F5) attained the total floating time of more than 12 hours, while tablets prepared with HPMC K100M (F2 & F4) achieved the total floating time of less than 7 hours. This difference in floating behaviour could be due to the variation in compaction and flow properties of the two polymers. The formulations with HPMC K100M (F2 & F4) have comparatively more sustained drug release properties when compared to F1, F3 and F4 using HPMC K4M as swelling and floating polymers. This could be attributed to better compaction of HPMC K100M. The prepared tablets follow non-Fickian diffusion kinetics. Overall, these floating controlled release effervescent bilayer and plain tablets may enhance the compliance and therapeutic outcomes of clarithromycin and famotidine in treatment of H. pylori.