Cmet/Cmet - The way to archive a precise result

Die meteorologische Korrektur Cmet dient in der TA Lärm bzw. DIN ISO 9613-2 dazu, die nach dem Schema der Norm zu ermittelten Langzeitmittelungspegel für Mitwind- auf Langzeitmittelungspegel für alle Ausbreitungssituationen zu überführen. Das Cmet wird abstands- und höhenabhängig über ein winkelabhängiges C0 bestimmt. In der Regel geben die Länder das Berechnungsverfahren für das C0 vor. Dies hat zur Folge, dass die Beurteilung der Geräuschbelastungen und damit die Genehmigungsgrundlagen für die gleiche Anlage in den Bundesländern voneinander abweichen können. Es wird eine Vorgehensweise vorgestellt, die diesen Konflikt so löst, dass länderspezifische Optionen möglich bleiben. Das vorgeschlagene Verfahren ist dennoch voraussetzungs- und ermessensarm. Es ist im Sinne der Qualitätssicherung präzise und reduziert massiv die Unsicherheit bei der Bestimmung von Cmet und damit der Gesamt-Unsicherheit des Beurteilungspegel.

Evaluation of Websites by Many Criteria Using the Algorithm for Pairwise Comparison of Alternatives

The article proposes a comprehensive method for the multicriteria evaluation of websites. The essence of this method is that using this method we can not only evaluate a website traditionally, but also obtain the following useful results: importance coefficient of each of the criteria, the evaluation of the website for each criterion individually. Moreover, we can also compare the sampled websites and then rank them. It is noted that in order to get the precise result, the sampled websites must be referred to the same category, that is, have the same set of criteria for evaluation.

The Argument of Al-Hadith Critics in Proving the Hearing of a Narrator (Rawi) from His Sheikh "A Model Study"

This research aims at studying a significant precise issue of the science of Illal al-hadith, which is to discuss the validity of some narrators who al-hadith critics have differed upon in proving their hearing from their Shiekh. In view of the fact that it was not proven that the narrator has heard al-hadith from his Shiekh or some others have refuted it. To achieve the aim of this study, I followed the incomplete inductive method in collecting the models studied and the reviewed data. Then I used the deductive and the critical approach in analyzing and studying these data to conclude a precise result for the issue of hearing. I devoted a chapter to each model. The most significant results of this study include the following: the fact of proving hearing or refuting it is a matter of judgment according to what evidence the critic has found and has proven. it does not always take on consideration the words of the critic who has proven the issue of hearing against the one who has denied it. The existence of many of the evidence used by al-hadith critics to prove hearing or refuting it, and other results. Keywords: The argument of al-hadith critics, proven hearing, defusing of hearing, evidence

Biruni’s Method of Measuring the Earth

A thousand years ago, one of the greatest scholars of the medieval Islamic era Iranian scientist-encyclopedist Abu Rayhan al-Biruni measured the Earth globe. He described the measurement process in his several treatises. Many of the more recent comments say that he received a very precise result, unrivaled until the New Time. The author provides a detailed analysis of Biruni’s measurement method, as well as an assessment of possible errors accompanying those measurements. Step by step the measurement process is reinstated; binding is made to specific places of observation, technical parameters of the instruments used are discussed. A parallactic method and instrument for measuring elevations proposed by Biruni is considered, which could only be put into practice in the 20th century. As a result of the research it was shown that Biruni’s method is not as accurate as it was believed. In addition, it is difficult to compare the unit of the length measurement used at Biruni’s time with modern ones.

IMPROVED PSO BASED DRIVER’S DROWSINESS DETECTION USING FUZZY CLASSIFIER

In this drowsiness detection framework two actions including brain and visual features are utilised to distinguish the various levels of drowsiness. These actions are provided by the EEG and EOG signal brain actions. From the EEG and EOG signals the peculiarities like mean, peak, pitch, maximum, minimum, standard deviation are assessed . In these peculiarities we decide on some best attributes - peak and pitch employing an IPSO strategy that picks up the best threshold esteem. These signals are then offered into the STFT which is employed to discover the signal length, producing a STFT network from the intermittent hamming window,the output of which are energy signals alpha and beta. These energy signals are offered into the MCT to get an alpha mean and a beta mean -the most chosen and outstanding attributes. These are then subjected to fuzzy based classification to give a precise result checking over the maximum values in the alpha and the beta series .

Numerical evaluation of image parameters of ETR-1

In this work, we developed a method to handle the image quality test-tool precisely. This test-tool is important to evaluate the quality of the medical images for pre-treatment planning phase. But the achieved images are estimated by naked eyes, which does not provide the precise result. Our main goal is to get the desired image parameters numerically. This numerical estimation overcomes the limitation of naked eye observation. Hence, it enhances the pre-treatment planning. The ETR-1 test-tool is considered here. The contrast, the low contrast details and line-pairs (lp/mm) were estimated.

Identifying the Isomorphism of Kinematic Chains

Identification of isomorphic kinematic chains is one of the key issues in researching the structure of mechanisms. As a result the structures which duplicate are eliminated and further research is carried out on kinematic chains that do not duplicate. This dilemma has been taken up by many scholars who have come up with a variety of ideas how to solve it. The review of the methods for identifying the isomorphism of kinematic chains suggested by researchers is contained in this study, including Hamming Number Technique, eigenvalues and eigenvectors, perimeter graphs, dividing and matching vertices. The spectrum of methods applied to the issue of identifying the iso-morphism of mechanisms reflects the researchers’ efforts to obtain a precise result in the shortest time possible.

Numerical Integration Combined Gaussian Quadrature with Shuffled Frog Leaping Algorithm in Manufacturing Engineering

Several numerical integral error results of Gaussian Quadrature based on subdividing the integral interval arbitrarily is presented, and then an approach for solving numerical integration based on Gaussian Quadrature and Shuffled Frog Leaping Algorithm (SFLA) in Manufacturing Engineering is proposed. SFLA is used to optimize the points in the integral interval in order to get a more precise result with using Gaussian Quadrature in every small segment. Simulation examples of integral validate the algorithm that can compute both singularity functions integral.

A PRECISE RESULT ON THE ARITHMETIC OF NON-PRINCIPAL ORDERS IN ALGEBRAIC NUMBER FIELDS

Let R be an order in an algebraic number field. If R is a principal order, then many explicit results on its arithmetic are available. Among others, R is half-factorial if and only if the class group of R has at most two elements. Much less is known for non-principal orders. Using a new semigroup theoretical approach, we study half-factoriality and further arithmetical properties for non-principal orders in algebraic number fields.