Proactive measures to eradicate Malaysia’s poverty in IR4.0 era: a shared prosperity vision

Background: In the country’s shared prosperity vision, Malaysia aspires to uplift the bottom 40% household income group (B40) by addressing wealth and income disparities. By 2030, the nation seeks to eradicate poverty through the provision of employment opportunities and career progression plans. A grey area between the nation’s aspirations and actions in practice can be observed because the goals have not been achieved despite numerous efforts aimed at the upliftment of the B40 group. The nation is still way behind its targeted outcomes despite various policies being implemented, which could be attributed to the mismatch between government policies and that of organisational practice. Thus, this study explores the rationale of strategic government intervention in managing B40 talent in the IR4.0 era. Methods: A general qualitative inquiry method that used 11 semi-structured interviews was carried out with representatives of Malaysia’s policy makers’, training providers, and trainees. All Interview questions centred around measures, importance and outcomes of B40 youth training from a multi-stakeholder perspective. Data were thematically analysed in five stages using NVivo. Results: Training, which includes IR4.0 era digital skills, is the key to uplifting the B40 youth to eradicate poverty. Proactive measures are imperative in the success of B40 youth training towards poverty eradication. Conclusions: This study contributes to the existing literature and helps practitioners by addressing the current gap in Malaysia’s aspirations versus organisational practice. Stakeholders should formulate proactive strategies to ensure that the right trainees are matched with the right training providers and government policies. A linkage between government policies and industry requirements needs to be established as opposed to the present discontinuity. A structured training needs analysis should be applied through a collaboration between industries and governments. Then, B40 individuals commonly found in lower-level positions can be pooled into the career pathway towards a shift into M40.

Structure and Agency: Exploring Aspirations of Youth Trainees

<p>This case study explores the aspirations of young people in a youth training programme and how structure and agency shape their aspirations. Transition policy is currently based on the pathways framework which provides many different educational and training ‘pathways’ to assist young people to move from school to work. The pathways framework uses the ‘pathways metaphor’ as a response to the knowledge-wave economy where the individual is responsible for creating their own ‘pathway’ in a flexible and complex labour market. For youth in Youth Training their ‘pathway’ is often non-linear and complex; not having followed conventional or mainstream transitional markers they are easily labelled problem-youth and ‘at-risk’ or vulnerable to failure. This study endeavoured to move beyond the labels of young in Youth Training to explore their stories in the context of the lived-experiences. It gave them the opportunity to voice their aspirations for the future and considered the structure or societal constraints associated with their transitional experience. A case study was undertaken with a group young people in Youth Training aged between 16 and 17 years old. Eight semi-structured interviews and two focus groups were held with four male and four female participants, of which the interview questions gave the opportunity to explore how young people felt about their future aspirations, the relevance of their training to their aspirations and how the students exercise their agency during training. Themes were drawn from the data and interpreted using choice biography, youth agency frameworks and discourse theory. The discussion of the data also explored the structural constraints within which the data sits. Findings showed that the future aspirations of young people in youth training are shaped by their lived-experiences. These lived-experiences are mediated by structural constraints and their ability to use agency. Structural constraints negatively affected their lived-experiences; and therefore, at times impacted on their future aspirations. The young people in this study described many complex and unique stories that exhibited the use of agency. Agency was exercised in the context of their lived-experiences to move beyond structural constraints and pursue their future aspirations. This study recommends the use of the contextual research approach when exploring youth transition research.</p>

Structure and Agency: Exploring Aspirations of Youth Trainees

<p>This case study explores the aspirations of young people in a youth training programme and how structure and agency shape their aspirations. Transition policy is currently based on the pathways framework which provides many different educational and training ‘pathways’ to assist young people to move from school to work. The pathways framework uses the ‘pathways metaphor’ as a response to the knowledge-wave economy where the individual is responsible for creating their own ‘pathway’ in a flexible and complex labour market. For youth in Youth Training their ‘pathway’ is often non-linear and complex; not having followed conventional or mainstream transitional markers they are easily labelled problem-youth and ‘at-risk’ or vulnerable to failure. This study endeavoured to move beyond the labels of young in Youth Training to explore their stories in the context of the lived-experiences. It gave them the opportunity to voice their aspirations for the future and considered the structure or societal constraints associated with their transitional experience. A case study was undertaken with a group young people in Youth Training aged between 16 and 17 years old. Eight semi-structured interviews and two focus groups were held with four male and four female participants, of which the interview questions gave the opportunity to explore how young people felt about their future aspirations, the relevance of their training to their aspirations and how the students exercise their agency during training. Themes were drawn from the data and interpreted using choice biography, youth agency frameworks and discourse theory. The discussion of the data also explored the structural constraints within which the data sits. Findings showed that the future aspirations of young people in youth training are shaped by their lived-experiences. These lived-experiences are mediated by structural constraints and their ability to use agency. Structural constraints negatively affected their lived-experiences; and therefore, at times impacted on their future aspirations. The young people in this study described many complex and unique stories that exhibited the use of agency. Agency was exercised in the context of their lived-experiences to move beyond structural constraints and pursue their future aspirations. This study recommends the use of the contextual research approach when exploring youth transition research.</p>

Proactive measures to eradicate Malaysia’s poverty in IR4.0 era: a shared prosperity vision

Background: In the country’s shared prosperity vision, Malaysia aspires to uplift the bottom 40% household income group (B40) by addressing wealth and income disparities. By 2030, the nation seeks to eradicate poverty through the provision of employment opportunities and career progression plans. A grey area between the nation’s aspirations and actions in practice can be observed because the goals have not been achieved despite numerous efforts aimed at the upliftment of the B40 group. The nation is still way behind its targeted outcomes despite various policies being implemented, which could be attributed to the mismatch between government policies and that of organisational practice. Thus, this study explores the rationale of strategic government intervention in managing B40 talent in the IR4.0 era. Methods: A general qualitative inquiry method that used 11 semi-structured interviews was carried out with representatives of Malaysia’s policy makers’, training providers, and trainees. All Interview questions centred around measures, importance and outcomes of B40 youth training from a multi-stakeholder perspective. Data were thematically analysed in five stages using NVivo. Results: Training, which includes IR4.0 era digital skills, is the key to uplifting the B40 youth to eradicate poverty. Proactive measures are imperative in the success of B40 youth training towards poverty eradication. Conclusions: This study contributes to the existing literature and helps practitioners by addressing the current gap in Malaysia’s aspirations versus organisational practice. Stakeholders should formulate proactive strategies to ensure that the right trainees are matched with the right training providers and government policies. A linkage between government policies and industry requirements needs to be established as opposed to the present discontinuity. A structured training needs analysis should be applied through a collaboration between industries and governments. Then, B40 individuals commonly found in lower-level positions can be pooled into the career pathway towards a shift into M40.

Buddhist Integrated of Management for the Youth Training of Moral Camp in Nakhon Si Thammarat Province

This article has an objective to present the use of religious dimensions as a course for moral training camps. It is also intended to sharpen the minds of learners to use wisdom to know reasons and morality, including being conscious in the knowledge of media, technology in the era of globalization with high competition by allowing body and mind to know the value of morality, focusing on being a good person to improve society. In addition, the speakers have shown some good characteristics; for example, knowing how to work as a team; having the power and perseverance ; having collaboration; overcoming problems ; and eliminating obstacles and troubles together by using knowledge and competence which is a process to be applied to all types of work to their fullest potential. Also, the article has the objective of guiding the participants for some characteristics; for example, being honest and moral; being able to adapt to fit with others by not exerting power to oppress others but trying to keep yourself equal with others; knowing to love each other and share generosity ; however, it must be based on moderation, not too extravagant either. That activity must affect the lives of the youth in good practices and having good attitudes. This will create a connection, coordination, and good relationship in coexistence in society with the "understanding, reaching and developing" in the human truths to adapt behaviors to keep up with materialism by bringing the principles learned to improve physical and spiritual developments and be able to continue to live together happily.

Mystic in a Morning Coat

This chapter investigates how fascist sympathizers saw Benito Mussolini as a man who could simultaneously navigate modernity while moderating its worst effects. Constructed as the austere administrator with a deep soul, sympathizers drew attention to all that Americans had sacrificed in their race to the future and provided recompense for those who felt lost, lonely, or left behind by change. As a model, Mussolini countered the pessimistic notes that inhered in criticisms of American masculinity in contemporary society, to offer the promise of change. Part of the change seemed to rest on policy actions — for instance, in the area of education and youth training — as suggested by Herbert Schneider and Richard Washburn Child. And part seemed to require a shift in attitudes toward Italian-Americans, as argued by Generoso Pope.

Assessing selected parameters of targeted fitness among youth training handball

Study aim: The aim of the study was to evaluate parameters of targeted fitness among youth training handball, within the framework of the project - Handball Training Centres. Furthermore, an attempt was made at quantitative assessment of youth obtaining the best results regarding targeted fitness parameters. Material and methods: The study participants comprised 294 girls (mean age 14.1 ± 0.29 years), and 304 boys (mean age-15.2 ± 0.31 years), practicing handball at 16 voivodeship Handball Training Centres in 2015-2018. The mean value of the girls’ body mass was - 56.38 ± 7.03 kg, body height - 165.59 ± 6.22 cm, while for boys - 71.87 ± 7.66 kg and 182.68 ± 5.47 cm, respectively. The mean BMI value for girls was -19.94 ± 1.7, and boys-- 21.06 ± 1.97. The girls’ training experience was 4.5 years, and for boys - 5.5 years. The study was based on trials of targeted fitness tests for young people training handball at Handball Training Centres. Results: The average values from the 30-m run for boys totalled 4.35 ± 0.23 s; while for girls, the values equalled - 4.7 ± 0.25 s. Average values from the envelope run with ball dribbling among boys - 24.13 ± 1.73 s; girls - 26.02 ± 1.66 s. Average value for the Beep-test among boys – 2,288 ± 165.99 m; girls - 1,805 ± 125.25 m. These are adequately estimated VO2max values of: 55.7 and 48.9 ml O2/kg/min. Conclusions: The best results of targeted fitness parameters were obtained by 22.7% of boys and 15.7% of girls. The subjects obtained the highest results in the following tests: vertical jump, supported push-up and the Beep-test. The worst results were noted for the following trials: 30-m run, envelope run with ball dribbling and 10x30-m shuttle run.