Psychological Mediation of Dysfunction and Hyperfunction of Respiratory Regulation

This research investigates the continuum between the dysfunction and the hyperfunction of breath regulation and presents the psychological mediation that supports or disrupts this regulation. The pilot study compared breathing regulation in patients with hyperventilation syndrome (HVS), free divers, and healthy volunteers. To examine the ability of voluntary respiration regulation, breath holding involving “easy-going” and “struggling” phases was used. Psychological mediation was assessed through (a) respiratory experience interviews, (b) anxiety levels, and (c) psycho-semantic techniques. Free divers have a bigger “positive breathing vocabulary” and can endure the conflict between the physiological need to inhale and the voluntary motivation to hold their breath for longer. The connection between emotions and negative breathing experience in patients with HVS leads to less breathing control.

EVALUATION OF THE EFFECT OF STATIC DEFORMATIONS OF THE SPINE AND POSTURAL BALANCE ON CARDIOVASCULAR AND RESPIRATORY SYNCHRONISM

Introduction. The article described the methodology of the objective express diagnostics of cardiovascular and respiratory synchronism depending on manifestations of static spinal deformities. The approaches to simultaneous static and dynamic studies of postural balance with spiro-arterio-cardiorhythmography were discussed.The objective of the work was to determine the mutual influence of static and dynamic postural balance on cardiovascular and respiratory synchronism.Material and methods. We analyzed indicators of static and dynamic postural balance and indicators of cardiovascular and respiratory synchronism among the population without manifested signs of pathology from the studied body systems.Results. The effect of static spinal deformities was observed only on the functional indicators of respiration. Statistically significant correlations of static spinal deformities were observed only with functional respiratory parameters. Indicators of cardiovascular and respiratory synchronism were not affected.Conclusion. The lordotic variant of the static spinal deformity, in contrast to the kyphotic and scoliotic variant, reliably affected the functional indicators of the respiratory system, as well as the indicators of cardiovascular and respiratory synchronism. The balance of sagittal deformities correlated with functional indicators of cardiovascular and respiratory systems, as well as with indicators of cardiovascular and respiratory synchronism. It was important to emphasize that in order to maintain cardiovascular and respiratory compliance with the most commonly diagnosed variants of static deformity (kyphotic and scoliotic), significant modifications in cardiovascular and respiratory regulation were observed much less frequently than alongside with lordotic deformity.