Effect of Prednisolone on the Histology and Histochemistry of Rabbits Liver and Kidney

Prednisolone and prednisone are synthetic corticosteroids used to treat different diseases. They are well known to be used for treating many conditions like asthma, autoimmune diseases, many skin conditions, and may help to prevent or at least to suppress inflammations and immune responses. It was proved previously the correlation between prednisolone and the function of liver in patients having liver problems. In patients with alcoholic hepatitis, for example, prednisolone was accompanied with a short-term reduction in the rates of mortality, but this effect was not clear after 2 years. This research was performed to study the possible effects of prednisolone on the histology and the enzyme histochemistry of the liver and kidney in healthy rabbits. Twelve females adult rabbits (Six animals considered as treated group and other six animals as control group) were used in this experiment. After two weeks of adaptation time, treatment by the drug began. Animals treated by prednisolone oral dose 20 mg daily by gavage. Animals sacrificed under anesthesia, then ordinary histological sections (stained with hematoxylin-eosin) and frozen sections (by freezing microtome for Alp activity) of liver and kidney were prepared. The histological results and the ALP activity in both liver and kidney were found to be normal in treated group in compare with the control group. Prednisolone has many various effects on the physiology, psychology, immunology, even the molecular and genetics, varied from beneficial effects to undesired side effects. In the field of hepatology, prednisolone treatment was found to ameliorate many symptoms and enhance many biochemical and histologic abnormal changes in many types of liver diseases like autoimmune hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, septic shock patients, and cases of liver transplantation. In conclusion; according to the results of this research there no any effects of prednisolone on histology of liver and kidney and the ALP activity in these organs.

Application of Gray Level Co-Occurrence Matrix Analysis as a New Method for Enzyme Histochemistry Quantification

Enzyme histochemistry is a valuable histological method which provides a connection between morphology, activity, and spatial localization of investigated enzymes. Even though the method relies purely on arbitrary evaluations performed by the human eye, it is still wildly accepted and used in histo(patho)logy. Texture analysis emerged as an excellent tool for image quantification of subtle differences reflected in both spatial discrepancies and gray level values of pixels. The current study of texture analysis utilizes the gray-level co-occurrence matrix as a method for quantification of differences between ecto-5′-nucleotidase activities in healthy hippocampal tissue and tissue with marked neurodegeneration. We used the angular second moment, contrast (CON), correlation, inverse difference moment (INV), and entropy for texture analysis and receiver operating characteristic analysis with immunoblot and qualitative assessment of enzyme histochemistry as a validation. Our results strongly argue that co-occurrence matrix analysis could be used for the determination of fine differences in the enzyme activities with the possibility to ascribe those differences to regions or specific cell types. In addition, it emerged that INV and CON are especially useful parameters for this type of enzyme histochemistry analysis. We concluded that texture analysis is a reliable method for quantification of this descriptive technique, thus removing biases and adding it a quantitative dimension.

Seasonal variations in enzyme histochemistry of accessory sex glands in buffalo bull

The present study was conducted on vesicular, prostate and bulbourethral glands of buffalo bullcollected from the abattoir immediately after sacrifice during winter and summer season. The cryostat sections of 10-12 µm thickness were obtained at -23°C and were incubated in different substrates for demonstration of phosphatases, oxidoreductases and estrases. During winter season, the moderate to strong activity of AKPase in acinar cells and ductular epithelium was observed in vesicular, weak in prostate, but the activity was not demonstrated in bulbourethral gland, however the blood vessels showed moderate AKPase reaction in all the glands. A moderate activity of SDH, LDH and G-6-PD was observed in glandular and ductular epithelium of vesicular gland and weak to moderate activity in prostate and bulbourethral glands. The glandular and the ductular epithelium of all the glands studied were strongly positive for NADH and NADPH, whereas a weak activity for NSE was observed. There was decrease in the activity of all the enzymes during summer season which may be related to decrease physiological activity in this season.