Recurrent abdominal pain

Recurrent abdominal pain is a common complaint in children and adolescents; however, it has been historically understudied and not well understood. Development of a discrete symptom-based diagnostic classification system to guide research and treatment has resulted in new research information being generated at an increasing rate. Although significant gaps in our knowledge remain, we are gradually coming to understand the complex etiology of recurrent abdominal pain in children and are making strides in clinical treatment. However, specific clinical practice guidelines do not yet exist and evidence remains limited for most, if not all, of the common treatments employed. This chapter highlights current theory and evidence available to guide office-based assessment and intervention efforts, as well as promising directions for future research.

A Literature Review on Communication Levels to Develop Language-Based Augmentative and Alternative Communication Diagnostic Classification System in Korea

The purpose of this study was to develop a language-based augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) diagnostic classification system (LAAC-D) that can be used in the assessment and intervention phases of AAC for people with complex communication needs in Korea. A comprehensive literature review was conducted focusing on linguistic competence and the four major factors (intentionality, symbolic use, word combination, and grammatical complexity) that play essential roles in classifying communication and expressive language development stages. Seven pieces of literature reported communication levels that are being used for AAC diagnostic system. Among them, only one reflected all factors into the communication level. Most of the literature did not consider the grammatical complexity factor. After examining the characteristics and limitations of each literature, the LAAC-D was developed consolidating the evidence and reflecting the four factors. The characteristics and clinical implications of LAAC-D were discussed.

Recognizing and Effectively Managing Hypermobility-Related Conditions

Hypermobility spectrum disorder (HSD) and hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (hEDS) can cause widespread or chronic pain, fatigue, and proprioceptive and coordination deficits resulting in functional restrictions. These conditions are common and often unrecognized, and patients are likely to present in physical therapy for musculoskeletal injuries, pain, or coordination deficits. Although physical therapy is considered central to managing these conditions, many patients report pain and iatrogenic injuries due to inappropriate interventions. The diagnostic classification for these conditions was revised in 2017 to supersede previous diagnostic categories of Joint Hypermobility Syndrome and Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome—hypermobility type/type III. It is now known that these conditions affect multiple body systems and not just joints and that patients require a holistic approach. This Perspective article will describe the 2017 diagnostic classification system, clinical presentation, examination, evaluation, and management of patients with HSD/hEDS. Both adult and pediatric cases are presented to illustrate the patient management concepts discussed. This knowledge can lead to more effective management of this patient population.

Recurrent abdominal pain

Recurrent abdominal pain is a common complaint in children and adolescents; however, it has been historically understudied and not well understood. Recently, an improved diagnostic classification system has resulted in new research information being generated at an increasing rate. Although significant gaps in our knowledge remain, we are gradually coming to understand the complex aetiology of recurrent abdominal pain in children and are making strides in clinical treatment. However, specific clinical practice guidelines do not yet exist and evidence remains limited for most, if not all, of the common treatments employed. This chapter highlights current theory and evidence available to guide office-based assessment and intervention efforts, as well as promising directions for future research.

A NOVEL APPROACH FOR DIAGNOSING LIVER LESION IMAGES IN TELEMEDICINE MODE

In this article, a novel approach for diagnosing liver lesion using ultrasound image in telemedince mode is attempted. Liver cancer is a one of the neoplastic diseases. It has a high rate of mortality. The low quality of clinical ultrasound image limits the success of early detection and diagnosis based on the images. Filtering the spcekle noise to enhance the quality and segment the ROI from the ultrasound image are carried out. Wavelet-based texture descriptors are calculated and classification has been done using support vector machine. Telemedicine is the ability to provide interactive healthcare utilizing modern technology and telecommunications. In this telemedicne mode based diagnostic classification system, a client at remote location can submit the ultrasound B-scan liver image using the Internet and after analysis in the web server, the client at remote location will receive the diagnostic result.