Design and Simulation of Pottery Kiln

Pottery industry is one of the small-scale industries in India. Most rural potters depend upontraditional pottery kilns for burning process by firewood or coconut husk. In order to producehigh quality pottery products better burning process is needed. The purpose of the project isto thermal analysis of burning process in a traditional furnace in order to achieve uniformtemperature inside the kiln and decrease the fuel consumption through better distribution of input heat. The traditional kilns are bonfire kilns, which involve open firing inshallow pit. These kilns suffer higher fuel consumption, poor ware strength andextensive breakage. Smokes produced during firing will serious health problems topottery workers and their family. There is lack of thermal studies on bonfire kilns. Accounting the demerits of traditional one is led to development of downdraught kiln. The thermal studies in performance of downdraught kiln by varying different parameters practically expensive and almost impossible. For this reason, the downdraught kiln is modeled and simulated on the computer by using the numerical method. By changing different parameter of the kiln like change in firewall height, Chimney height and roof geometry in simulation, substantial improvement in the performance of the kiln was detected. This modification is suggesting for the new design of improved pottery kiln.

Oleg Petrauskas, Mariana Avramenko, The settlement Komariv – glass-production centre in the European Barbaricum: a cultural and natural environment

The settlement of III-IV centuries AD near the village Komariv is located at the middle course of the Dniester River. In the 1950 - 70s, its excavations were conducted by M. Yu. Smyshko and Yu. L. Shchapova. 40 objects of the late Ro¬man times were excavated (glass-melting kiln, building on a stone foundation, pottery kiln, pits and terrestrial dwellings, hearths). From 2012 comprehensive research of the settlement is carried out by a joint Ukrainian-German archae-ological expedition (heads of the project O. Petrauskas and H.-Y. Karlsen). Project implementation provided new information about the monument. The area of the settlement is about 35 ha, of which 12 hectares have been geophysi¬cal survey. It is allowed to create a map of archaeological anomalies. 22 objects were excavated during five seasons: pottery kilns, dwellings, household pits and buildings, pit related to the production of glass, etc. In 2012 it was discovered a cemetery and six inhumations were investigated. The chronological frameworks of the existence of Komariv manufactory cover phases from C1 to D1. The settlement has a two-part planigraphy and consists from residential and industrial parts. The production included several crafts: glass, pottery, jewelry production, metallurgy of ferrous metals, burning charcoal and lime, and others.

The Jiaojia Site of the Neolithic Age in Zhangqiu District, Jinan

In 2016 and 2017, rich remains of the mid and late phases of the Dawenkou Culture were found at the Jiaojia Site in Zhangqiu District, including rammed-earth walls, ditches (moats), burials, house foundations and a pottery kiln, from which pottery wares, jades, turtle shell objects and so on were unearthed. The discoveries of the rammed-earth walls, the ditches surrounding the walls and a set of high-ranking burials, plus large quantity of high-quality artifacts – jades, white pottery and color-painted pottery wares indicated that during the mid and late phases of the Dawenkou Culture, the Jiaojia Site was a large-scale settlement with the properties of the political, economic and cultural centers in the ancient Ji River valley in northern Shandong; the systematic examination and interpretation to this site will be significantly meaningful for the complete understandings to the cultural connotation, regional relationship and social nature of the Dawenkou Culture.

POTTERY KILN OF THE END OF THE 15th — THE BEGINNING OF THE 16th CENTURY FROM THE OLD PART OF CHERNIVTSI

In 2014 the remains of a one-chamber pottery kiln were investigated on the high left bank of Ruda River in the old part of Chernivtsi. The southern part of the construction was destroyed by a landslide. Fragments of the several dozen vessels and the coin of Stefan cel Mare 1480—1504 were found in the kiln. Shapes of the nine pots and jugs were restored. The structure of the pottery kiln, the morphology of the pottery and the numismatic find allow to date the complex with the end of the 15th — the beginning of the 16th century.

CERAMIC ASSEMBLAGE FROM THE POTTERY KILN OF THE MIDDLE OF THE 15th — THE BEGINNING OF THE 16th CENTURY IN KAMIANETS-PODILSKYI

The paper analyzed a ceramic assemblage from the excavation of the pottery kiln of the middle of the 15th — the beginning of the 16th century. It was excavated in 2016 on the territory of Kamyanets-Podilskyi on the Troitska street. The vessels are divided into types according to their function and morphological features. It is noted that during this period can be observed the rise of the pottery manufacturing in general, which is associated with certain events in the history of the town: it became the center of Podolsk land, and then has obtained the status of a royal city.