SMALL SCALE INDUSTRIES IN INDIA: PROSPECTS AND CHALLENGES

Small Scale Industries (SSI) consist entrepreneurs who all are engaged in production, manufacturing or service at micro level. Small industries have been playing a major role in India's economic and social development in the post-independence era. Small scale industries are fundamental to a developing economy with its effective, efficient, flexible and innovative entrepreneurial spirit. SSI units across the world have been approved on the basis of promoters of economic growth and indicative of promoting equitable development. SSI's contribution to the Indian economy in terms of job creation opportunities, reducing regional imbalances, promoting inter-regional linkages, increasing exports and promoting equal economic growth potential has been quite amazing. The sector ranges from traditional to high technology through over 6000 products, comprising over 36 million units across the country, employing over 80 million individuals. SSI helps in the growth of industrial development of the country. This paper attempts to discuss the role of small scale industries in developing the economy and explores various problems faced by it.

A study on growing Indian Economy in relation to the International Foreign trade

India is transforming its economy, there is infrastructure development, introduction of technology into majority of the sector. India is adopting smart technology and smart sustainable living to become self sufficient with the aim to reduce imports and promote exports in foreign trade. The country has allowed 100% FDI in a number of sectors. India is becoming an manufacturing hub with the made in India scheme being implemented in every sector from agricultural to Industrial to Service Sector.Foreign trade promotes diplomatic relation between countries. India is the largest producer of many products in the world, the defence sector has also started their own manufacturing in India, the sector has exported many missile and aircrafts adding to the GDP growth. Made in India scheme has provided employment to the young youth and many other skilled and unskilled people..The 2021 to 2026 foreign trade policy focus on small scale industries -MSME who are contributing 40% to the GDP growth and provided employment to maximum number of people after agricultural sector.

A Conceptual Study on Performance of Small-Scale Industries in India

Purpose: Small-Scale Industries (SSI) are critical to economic development, particularly in developing countries. SSI provide nearly forty percent of the gross industrial value added to the Indian economy. It is interesting to know the performance and status of small-scale industries by using data from the Ministry of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSME) and analysing the SSI's strengths, weaknesses, threats, and opportunities. Objective: This research aims to analyse the scheme introduced by the Government to improve the SSI output. Methodology: For the study, we considered various articles, websites and tabular presentations. Result: According to the study, government schemes and policies contribute to promoting SSI growth in India. SSI provides a more significant contribution to the country's export, and it creates more employment opportunities for youth. Originality/value: The study determined the efficiency of small-scale industries in terms of unit establishment, production, job creation and export and also learned about some special government facilities provided through various schemes and programmes to address issues or problems and promote SSI's growth and development. Paper type: Research Case Study.

Development and Validation of Tramadol Hydrochloride in Bulk and Pharmaceutical Dosage Form by Ultraviolet Spectroscopy

A simple, rapid, accurate, precise and economic spectrophotometric technique for estimation of tramadol hydrochloride in 0.1N HCl have been developed. Tramadol Hydrochloride exhibit absorbance most 270nm when 0.1N HCl used as solvent proportion, so absorbance was once measured at the identical wavelengths for the determination of Tramadol Hydrochloride obeys Beer Lambert’s law in the concentration range of 20-180µg/ml. The present study describes development and validation of simple and economic UV spectrophotometric method for the estimation of Tramadol Hydrochloride in bulk and injection dosage form using absorbance maxima method. Solubility studies indicated that a Tramadol Hydrochloride shows better solubility in proposed diluents i.e., 0.1N HCl solution the ? max of Tramadol Hydrochloride was found to be 270nm. Because of cost effective and minimal maintenance, the present UV spectrophotometric methods can be preferred at small scale industries as compared to other reported methods.

2-Dimensional inline system for peppermint oil extraction

Peppermint leaves have wide range of applications in medicines, toothpastes, soaps, mouth fresheners, chewing gums etc. However, in India, the traditional way of processing peppermint leaves for extraction of peppermint oil is slow, tedious, labour intensive, hazardous, and causes skin problem as well. This paper proposes a method of mechanizing the post harvesting process, with least modification in the current apparatus being used by the farmers in the Indian villages. It proposes a non-electric 2-dimensional Mechanized system for movement and compaction of the compact/hay. The mechanism will help to reduce the number of labourers per unit hay volume and the risk associated with the contact of in-process hay with their skin. Also, a lot of time is wasted in putting the leaves/hay in the boiler vessel, preparing the hay in a compact form and in removing the processed leaves. This paper is an attempt to get rid of most of the problems aforementioned and make the process safe, efficient, less labour intensive and more economical for farmers and workers. The mechanism proposed is sustainable and farmer friendly as it does not require any special training for its operation. It will increase the profit of small scale industries with small capital investment for the setup.

Systemic Review of Application of Six Sigma Approaches in Small and Medium Scale Industries: A Review in Respect of India

Six Sigma is a tool which helps industries to control the defects and all other issues which can be possible factors to reduce the growth of the company. It was seen that in large scale industries, the Six Sigma is used form previous decades but when goes to small and medium scale industries, there is lack of implementation of Six Sigma and its tools, so in present review paper, various research papers selected in which small and medium scale industries are selected. In this paper all possible aspects of the Six Sigma is presented in detail. Keywords: Six Sigma, Tools, Small Scale Industries, DMAIC approach, Manufacturing Industries

Binary adsorption of [Pb(II) + Co(II)] from aqueous solution using thiolated saw dust

Technology advancement contributed to an increase in industrial activities, resulting in the introduction of metal ions into water resources at concentrations well above the WHO limits. Heavy metals are highly toxic and carcinogenic; usually occur as multicomponent mixtures in aquatic environment. In present study, batch experiments have been conducted to study the dependence of varying concentration, time, pH and temperature on the uptake of Pb(II) as pure component under equilibrium conditions using thiolated saw dust. Saw dust has been chemically modified with thioglycolic acid and characterised using proximate and FTIR analyses, degree of thiolation has also been determined. To determine the effect of presence of Co(II) ions on the uptake of Pb(II) ions, batch experiments for [Pb(II) + Co(II)] mixture have been carried out for concentration ratios of 1:0, 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4 of Pb:Co at pH 5 and data has been interpreted using Langmuir competitive isotherm shows that adsorption of Pb(II) has been suppressed by the presence of Co(II) ions in the binary solution, hence the adsorption process is antagonistic in nature. Study also indicates the possibility of simultaneous removal of both metal ions using low cost bioadsorbent, which is economical specially for application in small scale industries.