Profil kenakalan remaja dan implikasinya terhadap program bimbingan pribadi-sosial

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh adanya permasalahan kenakalan remaja yang terjadi pada siswa. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran umum kenakalan remaja khususnya pada siswa kelas XI di SMAN 5 Kota Serang, kemudian menyusun program bimbingan pribadi sosial sebagai implikasi dari penelitian untuk mencegah kenakalan remaja. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan simple random sampling pada 171 siswa. Sedangkan teknik analisis data menggunakan statistik deskriptif. Penelitian mengenai kenakalan remaja dilakukan dengan melihat dua indikator kenakalan remaja yaitu Index Offenses dan Status Offenses sebanyak 36 item dan reliabitas 0,304. Berdasarkan analisis data, hasil penelitian menunjukkan tingkat kenakalan remaja di SMAN 5 Kota Serang berada pada kategori rendah dengan persentase sebesar 87%. Penyumbang terbesar dari angka ini adalah aspek Status Offenses dengan indikator mengontrol emosi, berbohong, membolos, memalak teman sebaya, merokok, dan perilaku seks pranikah yaitu sebesar 19% yang termasuk dalam kategori sedang. Setelah mengetahui gambaran umum kenakalan remaja, maka rancangan program dibuat berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang didapat.

Is a Minimum Age of Juvenile Court Jurisdiction a Necessary Protection? A Case Study in the State of California

Several U.S. states are considering setting or raising a minimum age of juvenile court jurisdiction. However, there is scant evidence to suggest if a state minimum age law would protect children from developmentally inappropriate proceedings beyond existing capacity and competency statutes. To address this central question, this case study focuses on the state of California and considers (a) existing state laws, (b) state juvenile crime data, and (c) opinions of diverse juvenile justice stakeholders. Triangulated analysis found that a low number of California children below the age of 12 years are petitioned in juvenile court and most are referred for misdemeanor or status offenses. Existing legal protections are present yet inconsistently implemented. A minimum age law would address some of these policy gaps.

Childhood Maltreatment, Public Service System Contact, and Preventable Death in Young Adulthood

Data from a longitudinal cohort study of low-income children reported for maltreatment matched to similarly poor nonreported children were used to examine intentional and unintentional injury deaths in young adulthood. The goal was to examine the unique contribution of maltreatment history and identify other potential systems for preventive efforts. Maltreatment reports were associated with increased risk of injury-related death per 6-month intervals (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.09, p < .05). Young adults with histories of both status offenses and delinquent offenses were at greater risk for later death (HR = 2.24, p < .05) as were those with histories of emergency room (ER) treatment for intentional injury prior to age 18 years (HR =3.95, p < .05). More than 50% of the deaths were firearm-related; nearly all firearm deaths occurred among Black youth. Implications for prevention within at-risk populations are discussed.

The Prison School

This chapter investigates the New Orleans Prison School—a public school in a prison—where African American male students were sent as punishment for nonviolent status offenses. Through the voices of local residents, including students and their families, teachers, local activists, and law enforcement officials, it explains what the push-pull factors of punitive schooling mean for their lives and their community. The chapter situates this examination in the historical context of urban school failure, youth criminalization, and mass correctionalization from the post-civil rights era of New Orleans forward. The work is theoretically framed by scholarship in the sociology of punishment, which articulates mass incarceration as a disappearing act playing out on the stage of the postindustrial and neoliberal state. The chapter ends by returning to New Orleans in the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina. While the city's schools were physically demolished by the tremendous floodwaters, the punitive ideologies of the city's criminal justice system remained intact. These ideologies resurged and were made manifest as the school system was rebuilt.

Examining the Effect of Employment on Delinquency: A Longitudinal Study of South Korean Youths

This study focuses on examining the effects of employment and work hours on delinquency during adolescence. Juvenile employment and work hours are hypothesized to increase delinquency, and the longitudinal panel data obtained from the Korean Youth Panel Survey are utilized. Results from fixed effects models showed that working youths are more likely to participate in crime, substance use, and status offenses. Regarding work hours, both moderate and intensive work was significantly related to substance use and status offenses, whereas only intensive work was significantly related to crime. The effects of intensive work on substance use and status offenses were different between male and female.

The Gendered Monitoring of Juvenile Delinquents

Through the framework of power-control theory (PCT), we provide a model of juvenile offending that places the gendered-raced treatment of juveniles central to the analysis. We test the theory using a unique sample that is predominately African American, poor, and composed entirely of juvenile offenders. Multivariate models compare the predictive power of many variables, including ones central to PCT, on status offenses and other, more serious, offenses. Gender and race variables were found to be significant, but varied in their impact across models. The interaction between these variables suggests that being Black and female increases the likelihood of sanctioning for status offenses, but not other types of offenses. Contrary to the theory, single-mother-headed households do not seem to produce more delinquent girls than other types of households. The overall findings of this study indicate that patriarchy and white privilege are continuing characteristics of the juvenile justice system.