An Exploratory Investigation into the Farm Credit Market in New Zealand

<p>An increasing interest in the finance of farming in New Zealand has emerged in recent years. This is a result of three major developments: (i) the increasing reliance of the farm sector on external sources of finance. For instance, debt per farm has been increasing at an annual compound rate of 12% between 1963 and 1970; (ii) the effect of recent economic phenomena, such as falling product prices and a high rate of internal inflation, which have highlighted the question of a farm debt "burden"; (iii) the increasing sophistication of the New Zealand economy. This has offered the community alternative investment opportunities and has raised the question of availability of finance for farmers to sustain and increase their production.</p>

An Exploratory Investigation into the Farm Credit Market in New Zealand

<p>An increasing interest in the finance of farming in New Zealand has emerged in recent years. This is a result of three major developments: (i) the increasing reliance of the farm sector on external sources of finance. For instance, debt per farm has been increasing at an annual compound rate of 12% between 1963 and 1970; (ii) the effect of recent economic phenomena, such as falling product prices and a high rate of internal inflation, which have highlighted the question of a farm debt "burden"; (iii) the increasing sophistication of the New Zealand economy. This has offered the community alternative investment opportunities and has raised the question of availability of finance for farmers to sustain and increase their production.</p>

Availability and Differential Cost of Credit for Informal Sector Workers: Evidences from Madhya Pradesh

Urban debt is a less studied area. In many cases, it is a spillover of rural farm debt. As lands and assets get eroded in rural areas, urban migration takes place in search of livelihoods. People who move to cities crowd into slums, take up whatever daily employment is on offer and form the bulk of the informal or unorganised workforce in cities. Their occupations are unregulated and beyond the pale of any legal protection. With low earnings and even lower savings, they have to contend with expenses of contingent nature like major illnesses and hospitalisations as well as expenses related to weddings, deaths and other obligatory ‘social’ expenditure which leads them into a vicious cycle of debt. The nature of their work precludes loans from banks, further luring them into unregulated and usurious debt traps. This study, a part of a larger study conducted in 2014, studies the prevalence of debt among informal sector workers, examines and quantifies the major expense patterns, sources of funds and availability of credit along with cost of such credit.

Farm debt mediation: A Transtasman Comparison

No description supplied

Farm debt mediation: A Transtasman Comparison

No description supplied

The Effect of Cash Injections: Evidence from the 1980s Farm Debt Crisis

What is the effect of cash injections during financial crises? Exploiting county-level variation arising from random weather shocks during the 1980s Farm Debt Crisis, we analyze and measure the effect of local weather-driven cash flow shocks on the real and financial sectors. We show that such cash flow shocks significantly affect a host of economic outcomes, including land values, loan delinquency rates, the probability of bank failure, employment, and wages. Estimates of the effect of local cash flow shocks on county income levels during the financial crisis yield a multiplier of 1.63.

Sytuacja ekonomiczna gospodarstw specjalizujących się w uprawach polowych w Polsce na tle wybranych krajów UE

The aim of the research was to assess economic results and production efficiency in farms specializing in field crops classified by economic size in five EU countries: Poland, Bulgaria, Romania, Lithuania and Hungary. The analysis utilized the average two-year FADN EU data, from 2015-2016. The profitability of land, production efficiency, and farm debt were tested. On average, in the sample, the highest income without subsidies per 1 ha of UAA was obtained on Romanian farms, while on Bulgarian farms a loss was recorded. In Bulgarian farms from economic size classes 3-6 and Lithuanian from classes 1-3, the costs exceeded the value of production. A similar situation occurred in Hungarian and Polish farms from the sixth class of economic size. This means that production was economically ineffective. The debt of farms increased with the increase of economic size, but it did not exceed the limit value for which 50% is assumed.

Recovery from the Great Depression: The Farm Channel in Spring 1933

From March to July 1933, US industrial production rose 57 percent. We show that an important source of recovery was the effect of dollar devaluation on farm prices, incomes, and consumption. Devaluation immediately raised traded crop prices, and auto sales grew more rapidly in states and counties most exposed to these price increases. The response was amplified in counties with more severe farm debt burdens. For plausible assumptions about farmers’ relative MPC, the incidence of higher farm prices, and the aggregate multiplier, this redistribution to farmers accounted for a substantial portion of spring 1933 growth. This farm channel thus provides an example of how the distributional consequences of macroeconomic policies can have large aggregate effects. That recovery in 1933 benefited from redistribution to farmers suggests an important limitation to the use of 1933 as a guide to the effects of monetary regime changes in other circumstances. (JEL E32, E65, N12, N52, Q11, Q12)