Subsurface Temperature Properties for Three Types of Permeable Pavements in Cold Weather Climates and Implications for Deicer Reduction

Permeable pavement has been shown to be an effective urban stormwater management tool although much is still unknown about freeze-thaw responses and the implications for deicer reduction in cold weather climates. Temperature data from the subsurface of three permeable pavement types—interlocking concrete pavers (PICP), concrete (PC), and asphalt (PA)—were collected over a seven-year period and evaluated. Temperature profiles of all pavements indicate favorable conditions to allow infiltration during winter rain and melting events, with subsurface temperatures remaining above freezing even when air temperatures were below freezing. Data show that PICP surpassed PC and PA with fewer days below freezing, higher temperatures on melt days, slower freeze and faster thaw times, and less penetration of freezing temperatures at depth.

A review of the progress in Chinese Sponge City programme: challenges and opportunities for urban stormwater management

Urbanization has been the main driving force for China's economic growth in recent years; however, the highly concentrated urbanized lifestyle has brought many environmental problems to residents, the most urgent of which is urban stormwater management. Some countries have proposed plans for urban stormwater management, such as Low Impact Development (LID), Water Sensitive Urban Design (WSUD), Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems (SUDS). As a country with relatively underdeveloped urban stormwater management, China's government proposed an ambitious urban stormwater management plan in 2014, called the Sponge City Programme, which means that a city is designed to act like a sponge, with good ‘resilience’ in adapting to environmental changes and coping with natural disasters. As of 2021, this programme has led to SCP projects in 30 pilot districts all over China, the Sponge City Programme construction impacts both urban development and resident's life. However, there are risks and challenges associated with these projects. Using government research documents as a framework, this paper carefully reviews the progress of the Sponge City Programme in recent years and shows the main challenges faced by Sponge City Programme in terms of connotation, investment, and technology. On this basis, the paper puts forward practical suggestions for the development of the Sponge City Programme and details potential opportunities of new technology, ideology, planning, and flexible investment.

A Study on Implementation of Low Impact Development as an Urban Stormwater Management Technique in Srinagar City: Current Trends, Issues and Challenges

The Severity as well as the frequency of short-duration, but damaging, urban area floods have increased in recent years across the world. Alteration to the urban micro-climate due to global climate change impacts may also exacerbate the situation in the near future. The events of floods have increased in Srinagar city as well over the past decades. Sustainable urban stormwater management using low impact development (LID) techniques, along with conventional urban stormwater management systems, can be implemented to mitigate climate-change-induced flood impacts in Srinagar. In this study, the supposed effectiveness of LIDs in the mitigation of urban flood in Srinagar city is analysed keeping in view their limitations at the same time. A critical research on the success of these techniques in urban flood mitigation planning in Srinagar city is also recommended. On summarising different LID approaches in the world, the results revealed that LIDs can be an efficient method for mitigating urban flood impacts. Most of the LID devices developed so far, however, are found to be effective only for small flood peaks. The major challenges include identification of the best LID practices for the region of interest, efficiency improvements in technical areas, and site-specific optimization of LID parameters. Research and improvements in these areas will allow better mitigation of climate-change-induced urban floods in a cost-effective manner and will also assist in the achievement of sustainable development goals for Srinagar city and will help us to tackle the increasing problems of water logging and floods in the summer capital of Jammu and Kashmir. Keywords: Climate change, Urban floods, stormwater management, Low Impact Development, Srinagar city, Drainage in Srinagar, Pluvial flooding.

Quantifying Chloride Retention in Urban Stormwater Management Ponds Using A Mass Balance Approach

Chloride (CI) from runoff containing deicing salts is retained in watersheds after deicing ends, resulting in deleterious effects on aquatic biota. Stormwater management ponds (SWMPs) are known to impact pollutant transport. However, there is little information on what role SWMPs play in the timing and magnitude of CI transport in urban watersheds. This study quantifies the mas of CI retained in two urban SWMPs over varying timescales and the in-stream response to CI-laden pond outflows. The findings suggest that SWMPs likely play a role in watershed-scale CI retention. In the receiving creek, CI pulses corresponded to CI releases from the pond. The results of this study suggest that SWMPs concentrate spatially distributed salt inputs and modify the timing and magnitude of their release to receiving streams. This study will help parameterize the role of SWMPs in watershed-scale CI transport models and geospatial models of salt vulnerable areas.

Quantifying Chloride Retention in Urban Stormwater Management Ponds Using A Mass Balance Approach

Chloride (CI) from runoff containing deicing salts is retained in watersheds after deicing ends, resulting in deleterious effects on aquatic biota. Stormwater management ponds (SWMPs) are known to impact pollutant transport. However, there is little information on what role SWMPs play in the timing and magnitude of CI transport in urban watersheds. This study quantifies the mas of CI retained in two urban SWMPs over varying timescales and the in-stream response to CI-laden pond outflows. The findings suggest that SWMPs likely play a role in watershed-scale CI retention. In the receiving creek, CI pulses corresponded to CI releases from the pond. The results of this study suggest that SWMPs concentrate spatially distributed salt inputs and modify the timing and magnitude of their release to receiving streams. This study will help parameterize the role of SWMPs in watershed-scale CI transport models and geospatial models of salt vulnerable areas.